Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) are key regulators of the link between inflammation and cancer, and the interplay between TAM and tumor cells represents a promising target of future therapeutic approaches. We investigated the effect of gallic acid (GA) and caffeic acid (CA) as strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents on tumor growth, angiogenesis, macrophage polarization, and oxidative stress on the angiogenic model caused by the intraperitoneal (ip) inoculation of Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT) cells (2.5 × 10⁶) in Swiss albino mouse. Treatment with GA or CA at a dose of 40 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg ip was started in exponential tumor growth phase on days 5, 7, 9, and 11. On day 13, the ascites volume and the total number and differential count of the cells present in the peritoneal cavity, the functional activity of macrophages, and the antioxidant and anti-angiogenic parameters were determined. The results show that phenolic acids inhibit the processes of angiogenesis and tumor growth, leading to the increased survival of EAT-bearing mice, through the protection of the tumoricidal efficacy of M1 macrophages and inhibition of proangiogenic factors, particularly VEGF, metalloproteinases -2 and -9, and cyclooxygenase-2 activity.

Despite technological advancements, healthcare professionals must actively prioritize patient safety. Reporting adverse drug reactions is a critical aspect of this responsibility, and the most accessible healthcare providers, community pharmacists, and pharmacy technicians play a key role. Therefore, this study assessed their knowledge and practices regarding adverse drug reaction reporting in Croatia. A total of 180 participants were included. Pharmacists demonstrated significantly better knowledge than technicians (94.78 vs. 73.97, p = 0.024). Chronic medication users also showed greater understanding compared to non-users (104.96 vs. 85.39, p = 0.021). Knowledge improved with the number of adverse drug reactions reported, and most participants (72.78%) had reported adverse drug reactions. Pharmacists were 83.60% more likely to report adverse drug reactions than technicians (p < 0.001). These findings reveal a gap in pharmacy technicians’ integration into pharmacovigilance, underscoring a need to strengthen their role in adverse drug reaction reporting and patient safety.

Background/Objectives: Malignant ascites is characterized by extensive tumor dissemination within the peritoneal cavity, abnormal fluid accumulation, and progressive multiorgan dysfunction, including hepatic and renal impairment. Methods: The present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effects of resveratrol (RSV) and its nanocrystal formulation (NANO-RSV) at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg against Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT)-induced hepatic and renal injury by assessing proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression and apoptosis/necrosis rates, which are key indicators of tissue injury, repair, and regeneration. In addition, microvessel density (MVD) was evaluated in peritoneal tumor tissue, liver, and kidneys to assess angiogenesis and tissue remodeling, while macrophage polarization in the spleen was examined to determine the immunomodulatory effects of RSV and NANO-RSV. Results: Resveratrol and its nano formulations acted as potent inhibitors of EAT cells growth through downregulation of PCNA expression, leading to increased tumor cell death via apoptosis and secondary necrosis. In EAT-bearing mice, the hypoxic microenvironment was associated with increased PCNA expression, enhanced angiogenesis, and reduced apoptosis in hepatic tissue. In contrast, treatment with resveratrol and nano-resveratrol reduced PCNA expression, increased apoptotic activity, suppressed angiogenesis, and induced hepatic steatosis. Progression of steatosis, particularly in resveratrol-treated animals, was associated with impaired hepatic regenerative capacity. In the kidneys, elevated PCNA expression and increased cell death indicated active tissue injury accompanied by compensatory proliferative responses. Furthermore, increased splenic arginase-1 activity correlated with enhanced tissue damage and activation of M2 macrophage-mediated repair mechanisms. Conclusions: In conclusion, resveratrol exhibits significant antitumor activity but may induce organ toxicity, whereas its nanocrystals formulation demonstrates improved safety while maintaining efficacy. Enhanced stability, bioavailability, and sustained-release properties of nano-resveratrol contribute to reduced hepatic and renal injury compared with native resveratrol.