To survive in the competitive environment, most organizations have adopted component-based software development strategies in the rapid technology advancement era and the proper utilization of cloud-based services. To facilitate the continuous configuration, reduce complexity, and faster system delivery for higher user satisfaction in dynamic scenarios. In cloud services, customers select services from web applications dynamically. Healthcare body sensors are commonly used for diagnosis and monitoring patients continuously for their emergency treatment. The healthcare devices are connected with mobile or laptop etc. on cloud environment with network and frequently change applications. Thus, organizations rely on regression testing during changes and implementation to validate the quality and reliability of the system after the alteration. However, for a large application with limited resources and frequently change component management activities in the cloud computing environment, component-based system verification is difficult and challenging due to irrelevant and redundant test cases and faults. In this study, proposed a test case selection and prioritization framework using a design pattern to increase the faults detection rate. First, we select test cases on frequently accessed components using observer patterns and, secondly, prioritize test cases on adopting some strategies. The proposed framework was validated by an experiment and compared with other techniques (previous faults based and random priority). Hence, experimental results show that the proposed framework successfully verified changes. Subsequently, the proposed framework increases the fault detection rate (i.e., more than 90%) than previous faults based and random priority (i.e., more than 80% respectively).

Context : Quantum Cryptography (QC) revolutionizes network communication – harnessing principles of quantum mechanics to enable the exchange of encrypted messages – for enabling secure data transmission in an era of quantum information processing. With a significant rise in quantum computing research and development efforts, there is an increasing interest in exploring QC (e.g., Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) and Quantum Secured Encryption (QSE)) against a multitude of security threats in futuristic networks for quantum information processing. Objectives and Method : The objective of this study is to review the existing research i.e., consolidating the published evidence, that streamlines and documents the predominant challenges, recurring solutions, security threats, and their counter-measures against the outlined research questions in the context of QC. To conduct this study, we followed the guidelines and method of Systematic Literature Reviews (SLRs) to answer seven research questions. These questions investigate the proposed solutions for state-of-the-art QC and its impact on future network security. Results and Implications : Based on the seven (7) outlined research questions, this study systematically selected and reviewed one hundred and thirty four (134) research studies published from 2016 to 2023 with a focus on QC for quantum information processing. The results of this SLR establish a knowledge base for modern QC applications to guarantee network security in quantum-enabled network communications. The review reveals that though still in the phase of its inception, the research on QC is progressing rapidly, highlighting the necessity for network protocol and frameworks to cater for quantum network security. The SLR also highlights the challenges encountered while designing or implementing the QC systems, pinpointing the significance of keeping abreast of QKD networks and addressing possible ramifications for internet security in the future. The SLR provides theoretical foundations and evidence-based guidelines to tackle emerging and futuristic challenges of security in the context of QC and QKD for quantum information processing.

The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment heavily relies on the CMSWEB cluster to host critical services for its operational needs. The cluster is deployed on virtual machines (VMs) from the CERN OpenStack cloud and is manually maintained by operators and developers. The release cycle is composed of several steps, from building RPMs to their deployment, validation, and integration tests. To enhance the sustainability of the CMSWEB cluster, CMS decided to migrate its cluster to a containerized solution based on Docker and orchestrated with Kubernetes (K8s). This allows us to significantly speed up the release upgrade cycle, follow the end-to-end deployment procedure, and reduce operational cost. In this paper, we give an overview of the CMSWEB VM cluster and the issues we discovered during this migration. We discuss the architecture and the implementation strategy in the CMSWEB Kubernetes cluster. Even though Kubernetes provides horizontal pod autoscaling based on CPUs and memory, in this paper, we provide details of horizontal pod autoscaling based on the custom metrics of CMSWEB services. We also discuss automated deployment procedure based on the best practices of continuous integration/continuous deployment (CI/CD) workflows. We present performance analysis between Kubernetes and VM based CMSWEB deployments. Finally, we describe various issues found during the implementation in Kubernetes and report on lessons learned during the migration process.

It is widely argued that optical communication and networking technologies will play a significant role in future data centers. Although the optical technologies have made a significant advancements over the last few years towards providing a very high data transmission rate as well as increased flexibility and efficiency, an additional effort is needed to investigate suitable architectures and technologies for optical network within (intra) and outside (inter) data centers. This paper presents a brief overview on optical networks for data centers. Furthermore, the paper provides a qualitative categorization of the proposed schemes based on the type of optical switches. In the end, future research direction and opportunities of optical interconnect for data centers are discussed.