Journal of the Operational Research Society (JORS) is the world's longest established OR journal and an official journal of The OR Society. It is the aim of the Journal to present papers which are relevant to practitioners, researchers, teachers, students and consumers of operational research, and which cover the theory, practice, history or methodology of OR.

This cross-sectional study aimed to compare risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in older adults with or without dyslipidemia and/or cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in Taipei City, Taiwan. The data on 2912 participants with hyperlipidemia and/or CVD and 14,002 healthy control participants derived from the Taipei City Elderly Health Examination Database (2010 to 2011) were analyzed. The associations between conventional CKD risk factors and CKD were comparable between participants with and without hyperlipidemia. Participants with high uric acid and BUN had a higher risk of CKD if they also had hyperlipidemia and CVD [odds ratio (OR) in uric acid = 1.572, 95% CI 1.186–2.120, p < 0.05; OR in BUN = 1.271, 95% CI 1.181–1.379, p < 0.05]. The effect was smaller in participants with hyperlipidemia only (OR in uric acid = 1.291, 95% CI 1.110–1.507, p < 0.05; OR in BUN = 1.169, 95% CI 1.122–1.221, p < 0.05). The association between uric acid/BUN and CKD was also observed in the healthy population and participants with CVD only. In conclusion, older adults with hyperlipidemia and CVD are at high of CKD. Physicians should be alert to the potential for CKD in older patients with hyperlipidemia and CVD.

In this paper, a deterministic inventory model is developed for deteriorating items with stock-dependent demand and shortages. The conditions of permissible delay in payments and time-value of money are also taken into consideration. The replenishment number and the fraction of each cycle in which there is no shortage are both determined so as to minimize the present value of inventory cost over a finite planning horizon. Two special cases and numerical examples are presented to illustrate the model.

Tokamak technology, as the cornerstone of nuclear fusion energy, holds immense potential in achieving efficient plasma confinement and high energy densities. To comprehensively map the rapidly evolving landscape of this field, this study employs bibliometric analysis to systematically examine the research and development trends of tokamak technology from 2014 to 2024. The data are drawn from 7702 academic publications in the Scopus database, representing a global research effort. Additionally, the study incorporates 2299 tokamak-related patents from Google Patents over the same period, analyzing their technological trends to highlight the growing significance of tokamak devices. Using the R language and the Bibliometric package, the analysis explores research hotspots, institutional influences, and keyword evolution. The results reveal a multifaceted global landscape: China leads in publication output, and the United States maintains a leading role in citation impacts and technological innovation, with other notable contributions from Germany, Japan, South Korea, and various European countries. Patent trend analysis further reveals the rapid expansion of tokamak applications, particularly with significant innovations in high-temperature superconducting magnets and plasma control technologies. Nevertheless, the study identifies major challenges in the commercialization process, including plasma stability control, material durability, and the sustainability of long-term operations. To address these, the study proposes concrete future directions, emphasizing international collaboration and interdisciplinary integration. These efforts are crucial in accelerating tokamak commercialization, thereby providing a strategic roadmap for researchers, policymakers, and industry stakeholders to advance the global deployment of clean energy solutions.