We investigate the synchronization problem of fractional-order chaotic systems with input saturation and unknown external disturbance by means of adaptive fuzzy control. An adaptive controller, accompanied with fractional adaptation law, is established, fuzzy logic systems are used to approximate the unknown nonlinear functions, and the fractional Lyapunov stability theorem is used to analyze the stability. This control method can realize the synchronization of two fractional-order chaotic or hyperchaotic systems and the synchronization error tends to zero asymptotically. Finally, we show the effectiveness of the proposed method by two simulation examples.

Existing studies predominantly explore the link between green finance and ecological environment but overlook their dynamic spatiotemporal evolution and regional disparities. This study optimizes the coupling coordination degree (CCD) model and employs methods such as the Dagum This study innovates by optimizing the CCD model and integrating spatial econometrics with dynamic distribution methodologies to measure the coupling coordination dynamics in China from 2013 to 2022. Findings reveal an overall upward trend but significant regional disparities. The Eastern region exhibits a “high-high” clustering effect, while the Central and Western regions face a “low-low” lock-in, reflecting a “Matthew effect.” Green innovation and environmental governance improve coordination level, whereas resource consumption hinders it, with varying regional impacts. These insights inform targeted strategies, emphasizing regional cooperation and innovation-driven policies for balanced development.