Improvement of Informational and Analytical Base of Development of Russia’s Fuel and Energy Companies in the Sphere of Energy Saving and Energy Efficiency

The efficiency of domestic and export supplies of natural gas largely determines the sustainable development of the Russian economy and national security. At present, in the context of sanction restrictions and increasing uncertainty in the global energy market, the theoretical and practical aspects of the economic efficiency of investment projects in the gas industry are of fundamental importance and require further development. The article discusses the theoretical foundations of the category “economic efficiency” and methodological approaches to its assessment on the example of investment projects in the gas industry. A comparative analysis of the standard methodology for determining economic efficiency of capital investments and the methodological recommendations for evaluating the effectiveness of investment projects in the planned and market economics has been performed based on the criteria specified by the authors. A review of published studies on methods for assessing economic efficiency of investment projects in the oil and gas sector has been performed. It is concluded that to assess the efficiency of investments is proposed to use the discounted cash flow method as the main approach, as well as the alternative methods in the papers of Russian authors. Two large-scale projects of the Russian gas industry have been considered, a review of published studies on the efficiency assessment has been performed with emphasis on the external effects due to implementation of the projects under consideration. According to the study results, the uniqueness of the implementation conditions of each gas transportation project, fundamental importance of the influence of non-economic factors on the project implementation and the need to develop assessment methods for the economic efficiency of investment projects were noted with due regard to the uncertainty and risk impact.

The article discusses the possibilities of promoting the development of the Russian’s oil and gas industry in the current unstable political and economic conditions. The analysis of tools and mechanisms to support the oil and gas industry to ensure energy independence and improve energy security of the fuel and energy complex of the Russian Federation through import substitution of critical technologies, development of legislative and tax measures to stimulate the development of the Russian state company. The authors of the study assess the effectiveness of state and corporate import substitution plans, external trade contracts and markets, as well as provide a forecast of possible ways of development of the oil and gas complex of Russia, taking into account sanctions restrictions, fuel prices and in the future competition with alternative energy sources. The implementation of effective state support for the Russian’s oil and gas industry can contribute to the development of scientific and technological potential of companies to implement the import substitution program, as well as to strengthen the position of the Russian Federation in the global system of energy resources.

This article discusses the impact of new technologies, such as blockchain systems for the functioning of enterprises in the fuel and energy sector. Authors give the definition of blockchain system and split it into types. The article depicts how the blockchain technology affects the fuel and energy complex. Existing cases of technology in the economy has been analyzed in this work. Authors highlighted barriers and prospects of the technology development. The work combines the theoretical aspects of blockchain technology and analysis of practical applications, high operational problems and predicting the potential beneficial effect of a new technology introduction. The aim of this work is to give an economic definition of efficiency of blockchain implementation in modern world. In this article the author used following methods: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, thought experiment method, hypotheticaldeductive method and retrospective analysis. In the process of research, the author came to conclusion that the evolution of blockchain has been explored. Main sectors of economics for blockchain use have been emphasized and economic effectiveness of technology has been substantiated.

The possibility of artificial intelligence use for improvement of efficiency of development of hard-to-recover reserves in Russian oil and gas complex are considered in research article. The share of hard-to-recover reserves increases annually in cumulative oil production in the territory of the Russian Federation, therewith ups and downs of prices for oil well-known brands increase the risks of unforeseen costs and material losses when developing new reserves, that is why the authors establish a goal to analyze the efficiency of geological exploration and development of oil hard-to-recover reserves using artificial intelligence technologies and also based on the calculation of a comparative model for assessing the use of artificial intelligence on groups of fields of the Bazhenov formation. Artificial intelligence can have a beneficial effect on decrease of human error risk when selecting potential cased holes and facilitate in choosing the best methods of development and feed production stimulation. As a result of the comparative assessment of the return on investment in the development of wells using artificial intelligence and traditional technologies, the advantages and disadvantages of AI technologies were identified in the context of increasing the economic efficiency of hard-to-recover oil production.

This article aims to compare two risk assessment methods: EBIOS and FSTEC. EBIOS is published by the National Cybersecurity Agency of France (ANSSI), while FSTEC originates from Russia. Both methods are used relatively locally, but prove capable in France and Russia respectively. This article briefly describes those methods and compares them. The following research is subjective, and the author compares those methods based on his personal preferences, since no other such comparisons are known. During the research, both methods are briefly described and compared since both have appropriate pros and cons, while both may perform better in a particular situation. It leads to the conclusion that the application of both such methods can prove effective, and the main goal is to choose the most suitable approach for a particular situation.