To study the impact of perceived creativity disposition on entrepreneurial attitude and intentions, based on the theory of planned behavior, a model of the relationship between perceived creativity disposition and entrepreneurial intentions and attitude was constructed, relevant hypotheses were proposed, and the moderation mechanism of perception of university support on perceived creativity disposition and entrepreneurial intentions was also developed and analyzed. The study population included university business students in Pakistan. A sample of 330 students was selected from eight universities in Lahore and Islamabad, Pakistan. A random stratified sampling technique was executed. For this study, a cross-sectional and quantitative research design was used based on the survey process. The two-part questionnaire was used for data collection. Smart-PLS software version 3.2.7 was used to assess the hypothesis of this study. It was found that perceived creativity disposition and attitude toward entrepreneurship has a positive influence on entrepreneurial intention. It was also discovered that the perception of university support moderates the relationship between perceived creativity disposition and entrepreneurial intention. In this study, the moderation effect of perception of university support on the relationship between perceived creativity disposition and entrepreneurial intention was acknowledged. As a policy implication, the government should ensure students with an innovative entrepreneurial environment and well-built perception of university support are supported through different channels. Finally, a conceptual model was proposed based on adopting the theory of planned behavior, and the study ends with a conclusion and implications for future research.

Purpose: This study aims to examine the potential determinants of entrepreneurial intentions (EIs) among business students. To that end, the study investigates the role of entrepreneurship education (EE) and entrepreneurial passion (EP) (inventing and founding), as well as the mediating role of attitude towards entrepreneurship (ATE) and the moderating role of university support.Design/methodology/approach: A close-ended questionnaire measured on a seven-point Likert scale was used to collect data from business students at nine universities in Punjab, Pakistan. The sample size comprises 377 participants who were selected using a stratified random sampling technique. Partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was then applied to assess the study’s model and the postulated hypothesis.Findings: The findings indicated that (a) every independent variable (IV) directly impacts EI [dependent variable (DV)] except EP for founding (EPF), (b) ATE significantly mediates the relationship between IV and DV (c) perceived university support positively moderates the relationship between ATE and EI.Originality/value: As an implication to policy, the Government must ensure that students are exposed to business environments and find university support through different paths. Specifically, Pakistan’s Minister of Education and the Higher Education Commission (HEC) may consider designing university programs that lead to more influential EE. The empirical findings may help policymakers develop effective policies for promoting entrepreneurship.

Passion is fundamental to starting a business because it stimulates motivation, improves intellectual activity, and provides meaning for daily work. This research investigates the role of entrepreneurial passion as a prelude to entrepreneurial intention. The theory of planned behavior was used as an underpinning theory. A conceptual framework was developed and tested to determine their contributions to entrepreneurial intentions. The correlation between entrepreneurial passion and entrepreneurial intentions is moderated by perception of university support to determine if it enhances the entrepreneurial intention to become a successful entrepreneur. The sample (N = 395) was identified using a convenience sampling technique and is comprised of university business students in the province of Punjab, Pakistan. The questionnaire comprised two sections used for data collection, and Smart-PLS was used to analyze the hypotheses. The findings have indicated that there is a strong positive relationship between entrepreneurial passion and entrepreneurial intentions. The analysis showed that the concept of university support alleviates the relationship between entrepreneurial passion and entrepreneurial intention. The moderation effect of perception of university support on the association between entrepreneurial passion and entrepreneurial intention was recognized in this study. Thus, it called for exploring this moderating effect from other perspectives. As an implication to policy, the government bodies should ensure students have access to an entrepreneurial atmosphere. Specifically, the ministry of education and HEC Pakistan could consider this for the design of university syllabuses, thereby leading to more impactful education of entrepreneurship.

Entrepreneurial Intentions of Pakistani Students: The Role of Entrepreneurial Education, Creativity Disposition, Invention Passion & Passion for Founding

One of the most concerning issue being faced by the under developed countries i.e. Pakistan, is how to create job opportunities for their young lads. In Pakistan, innumerable of youngsters are graduating from the universities annually, with few corresponding job of opportunities which is causing social vice in form of violence and crimes.Entrepreneurship can play an effective role in generating employment opportunities in the country which in turn help in reducing unemployment rate, alleviating poverty and improving livelihood. Thus, it has become a tinted area of for the researcher to study antecedents of entrepreneurial intentions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the antecedents of entrepreneurial intention in perspective of theory of planned behaviour. For doing so, a deductive approach of logic was adopted and data were collected from 250 students with the help of structured questionnaire. To empirically test the model, structural equation modelling technique was used with the help of SmartPLS software version 3.The findings supported all the hypothesized associations. This study contributed to practice and knowledge domain by endorsing the incorporation of Self efficacy and perceived risks into TPB model.

Previous studies have explored the factors influencing entrepreneurial intentions (EIs), primarily focusing on personality traits and various psychological aspects. This study, however, investigates external factors, such as entrepreneurship education programs (EEPs), cognitive motivational factors associated with the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), and the impact of business incubation centers (BICs), as moderators of EIs. The research involved 458 respondents from diverse higher education institutions in Asia. Our findings indicate that EEPs and BICs at universities positively and significantly affect students’ EIs. Additionally, the cognitive factors linked to TPB demonstrate a positive and significant direct effect on EIs while also acting as mediators between EEPs and EIs. These findings underscore the importance of adopting a multilevel perspective in designing and implementing EEPs and BICs to better comprehend the determinants of EIs. Our study provides valuable insights for university administrators, policymakers, and entrepreneurship instructors in developing countries to improve the university entrepreneurial ecosystem by creating cohesive programs and supportive institutions. Moreover, the results can serve as encouragement for individuals embarking on an entrepreneurial journey.