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G. Esposito
Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy

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Journal article
Published: 19 August 2021 in Processes
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Mature landfill leachates are characterized by high levels of ammoniacal nitrogen which must be reduced for discharge in the sewer system and further treatment in municipal wastewater treatment plants. The use of anammox-based processes can allow for an efficient treatment of ammonium-rich leachates. In this work, two real scale sequencing batch reactors (SBRs), designed to initially perform partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A) and simultaneous partial nitrification and denitrification (SPND) for the treatment of ammonium-rich urban landfill leachate, were modelled using BioWin 6.0 in order to enable plant-wide modelling and optimizing. The constructed models were calibrated and validated using data from long- and short-term (one cycle) SBR operation and fit well to the main physical-chemical parameters (i.e., ammonium, nitrite and nitrate concentrations) measured during short-term (one cycle) operations. Despite the different strategies in terms of dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations and aeration and mixing patterns applied for SBR operation, the models allowed for understanding that in both reactors the PN/A process was shown as the main contributor to nitrogen removal when the availability of organic carbon was low. Indeed, in both SBRs, the activity of nitrite oxidizing bacteria was inhibited due to high levels of free ammonia, whereas anammox bacteria were active due to the simultaneous presence of ammonium and nitrite and their ability to recover from DO inhibition. Increasing the external carbon addition, a prompt decrease of the anammox biomass was observed, with SPND becoming the main nitrogen removal mechanism. Models were also applied to estimate the production rates of nitrous oxide by aerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria and heterotrophic denitrifiers. The models were found to be a robust tool for understanding the effects of different operating conditions (i.e, temperature, cycle phases, DO concentration, external carbon addition) on the nitrogen removal performances of the two reactors, assessing the contribution of the different bacterial groups involved.

ACS Style

Anna Lanzetta; Davide Mattioli; Francesco Di Capua; Gianpaolo Sabia; Luigi Petta; Giovanni Esposito; Gianni Andreottola; Giovanni Gatti; Willy Merz; Michela Langone. Anammox-Based Processes for Mature Leachate Treatment in SBR: A Modelling Study. Processes 2021, 9, 1443 .

AMA Style

Anna Lanzetta, Davide Mattioli, Francesco Di Capua, Gianpaolo Sabia, Luigi Petta, Giovanni Esposito, Gianni Andreottola, Giovanni Gatti, Willy Merz, Michela Langone. Anammox-Based Processes for Mature Leachate Treatment in SBR: A Modelling Study. Processes. 2021; 9 (8):1443.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anna Lanzetta; Davide Mattioli; Francesco Di Capua; Gianpaolo Sabia; Luigi Petta; Giovanni Esposito; Gianni Andreottola; Giovanni Gatti; Willy Merz; Michela Langone. 2021. "Anammox-Based Processes for Mature Leachate Treatment in SBR: A Modelling Study." Processes 9, no. 8: 1443.

Journal article
Published: 23 June 2021 in Journal of Environmental Management
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Air side-stream ammonia stripping in a thin-film evaporator (TFE) is proposed for the first time to control total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration in a centralized full-scale plant performing high-solid anaerobic digestion (HSAD) of sewage sludge (SS). In this process, anaerobically digesting sludge (ADS) is continuously recirculated from the digester to the TFE unit where ammonia is stripped by an air stream. The stripped ammonia reacts with sulfuric acid in an absorption unit to produce ammonium sulfate. Overall, HSAD coupled to air side-stream ammonia stripping results in a twofold production of fertilizers (i.e. ammonium sulfate and SS digestate) recycling nutrients from organic wastes in agreement with the principles of circular economy. This study evaluates the influence of different operational airflow rates, temperatures and CO2 concentrations on air side-stream ammonia stripping in the TFE without alkali addition and the impact of air-based ammonia stripping on HSAD performance at full-scale. The study also investigates the chemistry and the interaction between the ammonia and carbonate subsystems of ADS and clarifies the stoichiometric relationship between ammonia and CO2 stripping.

ACS Style

Francesco Di Capua; Fabrizio Adani; Francesco Pirozzi; Giovanni Esposito; Andrea Giordano. Air side-stream ammonia stripping in a thin film evaporator coupled to high-solid anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge: Process performance and interactions. Journal of Environmental Management 2021, 295, 113075 .

AMA Style

Francesco Di Capua, Fabrizio Adani, Francesco Pirozzi, Giovanni Esposito, Andrea Giordano. Air side-stream ammonia stripping in a thin film evaporator coupled to high-solid anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge: Process performance and interactions. Journal of Environmental Management. 2021; 295 ():113075.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesco Di Capua; Fabrizio Adani; Francesco Pirozzi; Giovanni Esposito; Andrea Giordano. 2021. "Air side-stream ammonia stripping in a thin film evaporator coupled to high-solid anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge: Process performance and interactions." Journal of Environmental Management 295, no. : 113075.

Review
Published: 27 May 2021 in Journal of Environmental Management
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Soil contamination by pyrene has increased over the years due to human-related activities, urgently demanding for remediation approaches to ensure human and environment safety. Within this frame, phytoremediation has been successfully applied over the years due to its green and cost-effectiveness features. The scope of this review includes the main phytoremediation mechanisms correlated with the removal of pyrene from contaminated soils and sediments to highlight the impact of different parameters and the supplement of additives on the efficiency of the treatment. Soil organic matter (SOM), plant species, aging time, environmental parameters (pH, soil oxygenation, and temperature) and bioavailability are among the main parameters affecting pyrene removal through phytoremediation. Phytoextraction only accounts for a small part of the entire phytoremediation process, but the addition of surfactants and chelating agents in planted soils could increase pyrene accumulation in plant tissues by 20% as a consequence of the increased pyrene bioavailability. Rhizodegradation is the main phytoremediation mechanism involved due to the activity of bacteria capable of degrading pyrene in the root area. Inoculated-planted soil treatments have the potential to decrease pyrene accumulation in shoots and roots by approximately 30 and 40%, respectively, further stimulating the proliferation of pyrene-degrading bacteria in the rhizosphere. Plant-fungi symbiotic association results in an enhanced accumulation of pyrene in shoots and roots of plants as well as a higher biodegradation. Finally, pyrene removal from soil can be improved in the presence of amendments, such as natural non-ionic surfactants, biochar, and bacterial mixtures.

ACS Style

Ilaria Gabriele; Marco Race; Stefano Papirio; Giovanni Esposito. Phytoremediation of pyrene-contaminated soils: A critical review of the key factors affecting the fate of pyrene. Journal of Environmental Management 2021, 293, 112805 .

AMA Style

Ilaria Gabriele, Marco Race, Stefano Papirio, Giovanni Esposito. Phytoremediation of pyrene-contaminated soils: A critical review of the key factors affecting the fate of pyrene. Journal of Environmental Management. 2021; 293 ():112805.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ilaria Gabriele; Marco Race; Stefano Papirio; Giovanni Esposito. 2021. "Phytoremediation of pyrene-contaminated soils: A critical review of the key factors affecting the fate of pyrene." Journal of Environmental Management 293, no. : 112805.

Journal article
Published: 06 April 2021 in Bioresource Technology
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This study investigated the feasibility of hydrogen (H2) and L-lactic acid production from starch under capnophilic lactic fermentation (CLF) conditions by using Thermotoga neapolitana. Batch experiments were performed in 120 mL serum bottles and a 3 L pH-controlled continuous stirred-tank reactors (CSTR) system with potato and wheat starch as the substrates. A H2 yield of 3.34 (±0.17) and 2.79 (±0.17) mol H2/mol of glucose eq. was achieved with, respectively, potato and wheat starch. In the presence of CO2, L-lactic acid production by the acetyl-CoA carboxylation was significantly higher for the potato starch (0.88 ± 0.39 mol lactic acid/mol glucose eq.) than wheat starch (0.33 ± 0.11 mol lactic acid/mol glucose eq.). A kinetic model was applied to simulate and predict the T. neapolitana metabolic profile and bioreactor performance under CLF conditions. The CLF-based starch fermentation suggests a new direction to biotransform agri-food waste into biofuels and valuable biochemicals.

ACS Style

Nirakar Pradhan; Giuliana D'Ippolito; Laura Dipasquale; Giovanni Esposito; Antonio Panico; Piet N.L. Lens; Angelo Fontana. Kinetic modeling of hydrogen and L-lactic acid production by Thermotoga neapolitana via capnophilic lactic fermentation of starch. Bioresource Technology 2021, 332, 125127 .

AMA Style

Nirakar Pradhan, Giuliana D'Ippolito, Laura Dipasquale, Giovanni Esposito, Antonio Panico, Piet N.L. Lens, Angelo Fontana. Kinetic modeling of hydrogen and L-lactic acid production by Thermotoga neapolitana via capnophilic lactic fermentation of starch. Bioresource Technology. 2021; 332 ():125127.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nirakar Pradhan; Giuliana D'Ippolito; Laura Dipasquale; Giovanni Esposito; Antonio Panico; Piet N.L. Lens; Angelo Fontana. 2021. "Kinetic modeling of hydrogen and L-lactic acid production by Thermotoga neapolitana via capnophilic lactic fermentation of starch." Bioresource Technology 332, no. : 125127.

Erratum
Published: 15 February 2021 in Biomass and Bioenergy
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ACS Style

Nirakar Pradhan; Giuliana D’Ippolito; Laura Dipasquale; Giovanni Esposito; Antonio Panico; Piet N.L. Lens; Angelo Fontana. Corrigendum to “Simultaneous synthesis of lactic acid and hydrogen from sugars via capnophilic lactic fermentation by Thermotoga neapolitana cf capnolactica” [Biomass and Bioenergy 125 (2019) 17–22]. Biomass and Bioenergy 2021, 150, 105999 .

AMA Style

Nirakar Pradhan, Giuliana D’Ippolito, Laura Dipasquale, Giovanni Esposito, Antonio Panico, Piet N.L. Lens, Angelo Fontana. Corrigendum to “Simultaneous synthesis of lactic acid and hydrogen from sugars via capnophilic lactic fermentation by Thermotoga neapolitana cf capnolactica” [Biomass and Bioenergy 125 (2019) 17–22]. Biomass and Bioenergy. 2021; 150 ():105999.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nirakar Pradhan; Giuliana D’Ippolito; Laura Dipasquale; Giovanni Esposito; Antonio Panico; Piet N.L. Lens; Angelo Fontana. 2021. "Corrigendum to “Simultaneous synthesis of lactic acid and hydrogen from sugars via capnophilic lactic fermentation by Thermotoga neapolitana cf capnolactica” [Biomass and Bioenergy 125 (2019) 17–22]." Biomass and Bioenergy 150, no. : 105999.

Journal article
Published: 15 September 2020 in Applied Energy
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High-solid anaerobic digestion (HSAD) of sewage sludge is a promising alternative to conventional anaerobic digestion (AD) as it reduces treatment volumes, transportation costs and energy consumption for heating and increases the fertilizing potential of sewage sludge. By centralizing sludge treatment, HSAD represents an opportunity to improve the energy balance of sewage sludge valorization compared to conventional AD. Nevertheless, HSAD of sewage sludge poses several challenges due to structural and rheological characteristics of dewatered sludge and to toxic compounds originating during (H2S, NH3, siloxanes, volatile organic compounds) and before (polyelectrolytes added prior to dewatering) the anaerobic treatment. This work critically reviews HSAD of sewage sludge with the objective to promote process enhancement for energy self-sufficiency and good practices for agricultural utilization of digestate. Advantages and drawbacks of HSAD are discussed in depth and practical solutions to solve critical issues at full scale are proposed. Guidelines for conducting cost-benefit analysis of the process are also provided.

ACS Style

Francesco Di Capua; Danilo Spasiano; Andrea Giordano; Fabrizio Adani; Umberto Fratino; Francesco Pirozzi; Giovanni Esposito. High-solid anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge: challenges and opportunities. Applied Energy 2020, 278, 115608 .

AMA Style

Francesco Di Capua, Danilo Spasiano, Andrea Giordano, Fabrizio Adani, Umberto Fratino, Francesco Pirozzi, Giovanni Esposito. High-solid anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge: challenges and opportunities. Applied Energy. 2020; 278 ():115608.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesco Di Capua; Danilo Spasiano; Andrea Giordano; Fabrizio Adani; Umberto Fratino; Francesco Pirozzi; Giovanni Esposito. 2020. "High-solid anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge: challenges and opportunities." Applied Energy 278, no. : 115608.

Article
Published: 04 September 2020 in Environmental Biology of Fishes
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Microalgal biofilms are increasingly attracting attention as a cultivation platform for different biotechnological purposes. The initial adhesion of algae to a surface, one of the key factors for the formation of a biofilm, was analyzed by coupling image analysis techniques and mathematical modeling. Two isolated microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris ACUF_809 and Chlorella sp. ACUF_802, were identified by molecular techniques. Their health condition and biomass growth were measured using pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry; the carrier colonization was studied by imaging analysis (Weka Segmentation) and measuring the green tones of the biofilm through CIELAB colorimetry. Structural features and biofilm vertical distribution were determined by multichannel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and some parameters were aligned to the Gompertz model. Chlorella vulgaris ACUF_809 showed good adaptation to form biofilm on cotton fabric measured as high biomass growth reflected in the high F0 (0.42) and biofilm colonization through the CIELAB colorimetry (a*− 9.3), coverage area 32.3%, and average biofilm thickness (106.37 ± 47 μm). This work demonstrated the feasibility of C. vulgaris ACUF_809 and Chlorella sp. ACUF_802 biofilm formation on cotton fabric which potentially provides an alternative for cultivating and producing microalgae biomass.

ACS Style

Jairo Hernán Moreno Osorio; Antonino De Natale; Angelo Del Mondo; Luigi Frunzo; Piet Nicolaas Luc Lens; Giovanni Esposito; Antonino Pollio. Early colonization stages of fabric carriers by two Chlorella strains. Environmental Biology of Fishes 2020, 32, 3631 -3644.

AMA Style

Jairo Hernán Moreno Osorio, Antonino De Natale, Angelo Del Mondo, Luigi Frunzo, Piet Nicolaas Luc Lens, Giovanni Esposito, Antonino Pollio. Early colonization stages of fabric carriers by two Chlorella strains. Environmental Biology of Fishes. 2020; 32 (6):3631-3644.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jairo Hernán Moreno Osorio; Antonino De Natale; Angelo Del Mondo; Luigi Frunzo; Piet Nicolaas Luc Lens; Giovanni Esposito; Antonino Pollio. 2020. "Early colonization stages of fabric carriers by two Chlorella strains." Environmental Biology of Fishes 32, no. 6: 3631-3644.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2020 in Energies
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Industrial hemp stands out as a promising candidate for clean and sustainable biomass-to-bioenergy systems due to its multipurpose, high biomass yield and resource efficiency features. In this study, different hemp biomass residues (HBRs) were evaluated as a potential feedstock for renewable biomethane production through anaerobic digestion (AD). The biochemical methane potential (BMP) of the raw and pretreated fibers, stalks, hurds, leaves and inflorescences was investigated by means of batch anaerobic tests. The highest BMP was obtained with the raw fibers (i.e., 422 ± 20 mL CH4·g VS−1), while hemp hurds (unretted), making up more than half of the whole hemp plant dry weight, showed a lower BMP value of 239 ± 10 mL CH4·g VS−1. The alkali pretreatment of unretted hurds and mechanical grinding of retted hurds effectively enhanced the BMP of both substrates by 15.9%. The mix of leaves and inflorescences and inflorescences alone showed low BMP values (i.e., 118 ± 8 and 26 ± 5 mL CH4·g VS−1, respectively) and a prolonged inhibition of methanogenesis. The latter could be overcome through NaOH pretreatment in the mix of leaves and inflorescences (+28.5% methane production).

ACS Style

Silvio Matassa; Giovanni Esposito; Francesco Pirozzi; Stefano Papirio. Exploring the Biomethane Potential of Different Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Biomass Residues. Energies 2020, 13, 3361 .

AMA Style

Silvio Matassa, Giovanni Esposito, Francesco Pirozzi, Stefano Papirio. Exploring the Biomethane Potential of Different Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Biomass Residues. Energies. 2020; 13 (13):3361.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Silvio Matassa; Giovanni Esposito; Francesco Pirozzi; Stefano Papirio. 2020. "Exploring the Biomethane Potential of Different Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Biomass Residues." Energies 13, no. 13: 3361.

Journal article
Published: 02 June 2020 in Energies
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Cheese whey (CW) and hemp hurds (HH) represent typically overabundant biowastes of food and agricultural production, and their circular management is crucial to improve both sustainability and profitability of the agri-food chain. By combining experimental biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests and literature data, the techno-economic aspects of a possible future bioenergy valorization of CW and HH through anaerobic digestion (AD) and co- digestion (coAD) were analyzed. Along the 42-days, BMP assays, CW, and HH alone rendered BMP values of 446 ± 66 and 242 ± 13 mL CH4·g VS−1, respectively. The application of coAD with CW and HH at a 70:30 ratio allowed to enhance the biomethane production by 10.7%, as compared to the corresponding calculated value. In terms of economic profitability, the valorization of HH as biomethane in a dual-purpose hemp cultivation could potentially enable net profits of up to 3929 €·ha−1, which could rise to 6124 €·ha−1 in case of coAD with CW. Finally, by projecting the biomethane potential from current and future available CW and HH residues in the national context of Italy, a total biomethane yield of up to 296 MNm3·y−1 could be attained, offering interesting perspectives for the sustainability of key sectors such as transportation.

ACS Style

Stefano Papirio; Silvio Matassa; Francesco Pirozzi; Giovanni Esposito. Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Cheese Whey and Industrial Hemp Residues Opens New Perspectives for the Valorization of Agri-Food Waste. Energies 2020, 13, 2820 .

AMA Style

Stefano Papirio, Silvio Matassa, Francesco Pirozzi, Giovanni Esposito. Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Cheese Whey and Industrial Hemp Residues Opens New Perspectives for the Valorization of Agri-Food Waste. Energies. 2020; 13 (11):2820.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stefano Papirio; Silvio Matassa; Francesco Pirozzi; Giovanni Esposito. 2020. "Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Cheese Whey and Industrial Hemp Residues Opens New Perspectives for the Valorization of Agri-Food Waste." Energies 13, no. 11: 2820.

Journal article
Published: 23 May 2020 in Processes
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Anaerobic digestion is a promising alternative to valorize agrifood wastes, which is gaining interest under an environmental sustainability overview. The present research aimed to compare anaerobic digestion with olive pomace oil extraction, by using life cycle assessment, as alternatives for the valorization of the olive mill solid waste generated in the centrifugation process with a two-outlet decanter from oil mills. In the case of olive pomace oil extraction, two cases were defined depending on the type of fuel used for drying the wet pomace before the extraction: natural gas or a fraction of the generated extracted pomace. The anaerobic digestion alternative consisted of the production of biogas from the olive mill solid waste, heat and electricity cogeneration by the combustion of the generated biogas, and composting of the anaerobic digestate. The life cycle assessment showed that anaerobic digestion was the best alternative, with a global environmental impact reduction of 88.1 and 85.9% respect to crude olive pomace oil extraction using natural gas and extracted pomace, respectively, as fuel.

ACS Style

Bernabé Alonso-Fariñas; Armando Oliva; Mónica Rodríguez-Galán; Giovanni Esposito; Juan Francisco García-Martín; Guillermo Rodríguez-Gutiérrez; Antonio Serrano; Fernando G. Fermoso. Environmental Assessment of Olive Mill Solid Waste Valorization via Anaerobic Digestion Versus Olive Pomace Oil Extraction. Processes 2020, 8, 626 .

AMA Style

Bernabé Alonso-Fariñas, Armando Oliva, Mónica Rodríguez-Galán, Giovanni Esposito, Juan Francisco García-Martín, Guillermo Rodríguez-Gutiérrez, Antonio Serrano, Fernando G. Fermoso. Environmental Assessment of Olive Mill Solid Waste Valorization via Anaerobic Digestion Versus Olive Pomace Oil Extraction. Processes. 2020; 8 (5):626.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bernabé Alonso-Fariñas; Armando Oliva; Mónica Rodríguez-Galán; Giovanni Esposito; Juan Francisco García-Martín; Guillermo Rodríguez-Gutiérrez; Antonio Serrano; Fernando G. Fermoso. 2020. "Environmental Assessment of Olive Mill Solid Waste Valorization via Anaerobic Digestion Versus Olive Pomace Oil Extraction." Processes 8, no. 5: 626.

Journal article
Published: 18 August 2019 in Bioresource Technology
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This study focused on continuous-flow hydrogen production by Thermotoga neapolitana at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) decreasing from 24 to 5 h. At each HRT reduction, the hydrogen yield (HY) immediately dropped, but recovered during prolonged cultivation at constant HRT. The final HY in each operating period decreased from 3.4 (±0.1) to 2.0 (±0.0) mol H2/mol glucose when reducing the HRT from 24 to 7 h. Simultaneously, the hydrogen production rate (HPR) and the liquid phase hydrogen concentration (H2aq) increased from 82 (±1) to 192 (±4) mL/L/h and from 9.1 (±0.3) to 15.6 (±0.7) mL/L, respectively. Additionally, the effluent glucose concentration increased from 2.1 (±0.1) to above 10 mM. Recirculating H2-rich biogas prevented the supersaturation of H2aq reaching a value of 9.3 (±0.7) mL/L, resulting in complete glucose consumption and the highest HPR of 277 mL/L/h at an HRT of 5 h.

ACS Style

Gilbert Dreschke; Stefano Papirio; Alessio Scala; Piet N.L. Lens; Giovanni Esposito. High rate continuous biohydrogen production by hyperthermophilic Thermotoga neapolitana. Bioresource Technology 2019, 293, 122033 .

AMA Style

Gilbert Dreschke, Stefano Papirio, Alessio Scala, Piet N.L. Lens, Giovanni Esposito. High rate continuous biohydrogen production by hyperthermophilic Thermotoga neapolitana. Bioresource Technology. 2019; 293 ():122033.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gilbert Dreschke; Stefano Papirio; Alessio Scala; Piet N.L. Lens; Giovanni Esposito. 2019. "High rate continuous biohydrogen production by hyperthermophilic Thermotoga neapolitana." Bioresource Technology 293, no. : 122033.

Journal article
Published: 26 June 2019 in International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
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This study focused on the supersaturation of hydrogen in the liquid phase (H2aq) and its inhibitory effect on dark fermentation by Thermotoga neapolitana cf. capnolactica by increasing the agitation (from 100 to 500 rpm) and recirculating H2-rich biogas (GaR). At low cell concentrations, both 500 rpm and GaR reduced the H2aq from 30.1 (±4.4) mL/L to the lowest values of 7.4 (±0.7) mL/L and 7.2 (±1.2) mL/L, respectively. However, at high cell concentrations (0.79 g CDW/L), the addition of GaR at 300 rpm was more efficient and increased the hydrogen production rate by 271%, compared to a 136% increase when raising the agitation to 500 rpm instead. While H2aq primarily affected the dark fermentation rate, GaR concomitantly increased the hydrogen yield up to 3.5 mol H2/mol glucose. Hence, H2aq supersaturation highly depends on the systems gas-liquid mass transfer and strongly inhibits dark fermentation.

ACS Style

Gilbert Dreschke; Stefano Papirio; Giuliana D’Ippolito; Antonio Panico; Piet N.L. Lens; Giovanni Esposito; Angelo Fontana. H2-rich biogas recirculation prevents hydrogen supersaturation and enhances hydrogen production by Thermotoga neapolitana cf. capnolactica. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2019, 44, 19698 -19708.

AMA Style

Gilbert Dreschke, Stefano Papirio, Giuliana D’Ippolito, Antonio Panico, Piet N.L. Lens, Giovanni Esposito, Angelo Fontana. H2-rich biogas recirculation prevents hydrogen supersaturation and enhances hydrogen production by Thermotoga neapolitana cf. capnolactica. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2019; 44 (36):19698-19708.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gilbert Dreschke; Stefano Papirio; Giuliana D’Ippolito; Antonio Panico; Piet N.L. Lens; Giovanni Esposito; Angelo Fontana. 2019. "H2-rich biogas recirculation prevents hydrogen supersaturation and enhances hydrogen production by Thermotoga neapolitana cf. capnolactica." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 44, no. 36: 19698-19708.

Journal article
Published: 22 April 2019 in Journal of Environmental Management
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An original mechanistic model able to describe the fate of trace elements (TE) in anaerobic digestion systems has been synthetized from mass balance equations. The model takes into account the main biochemical and physico-chemical processes affecting TE bioavailability and it is aimed at evaluating the effect that the combination of such processes exerts on the system performance. Five main modules have been introduced: biochemistry, physico-chemistry, sorption, complexation and precipitation. The model is based on mass conservation principles and is formulated as a set of ordinary differential equations for the soluble and particulate components constituting the system. Model applications of two illustrative cases are provided. The first case is based on experimental results and examines the effect of TE depletion in an AD process of food waste (FW). The second case shows the effects of different metal supplements on methane production and biogas composition. The simulation results confirm that the model can fairly be used to predict the effect of TE dynamics and bioavailability, by considering biological, chemical and physicochemical processes in AD environments.

ACS Style

L. Frunzo; F.G. Fermoso; V. Luongo; M.R. Mattei; G. Esposito. ADM1-based mechanistic model for the role of trace elements in anaerobic digestion processes. Journal of Environmental Management 2019, 241, 587 -602.

AMA Style

L. Frunzo, F.G. Fermoso, V. Luongo, M.R. Mattei, G. Esposito. ADM1-based mechanistic model for the role of trace elements in anaerobic digestion processes. Journal of Environmental Management. 2019; 241 ():587-602.

Chicago/Turabian Style

L. Frunzo; F.G. Fermoso; V. Luongo; M.R. Mattei; G. Esposito. 2019. "ADM1-based mechanistic model for the role of trace elements in anaerobic digestion processes." Journal of Environmental Management 241, no. : 587-602.

Journal article
Published: 13 April 2019 in Biomass and Bioenergy
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This study investigated the effect of the salinity level, buffering agent and carbon source on the hydrogen (H2) and lactic acid synthesis under capnophilic (CO2-assisted) lactic fermentation (CLF) by Thermotoga neapolitana cf capnolactica (DSM 33003). Several series of batch fermentation experiments were performed either in 0.12 L serum bottles for selection of the best performing conditions or in a 3 L fermenter for the best possible combination of conditions. The serum bottle study revealed that change in the salinity level of the culture medium from 0 to 35 g L−1 NaCl increased lactic acid synthesis by 7.5 times without affecting the H2 yield. Use of different buffers (MOPS, TRIS or HEPES) did not affect the average H2 yield of 3.0 ± 0.24 mol H2 mol−1 of glucose and lactic acid synthesis of 13.7 ± 1.03 mM when the cultures were sparged by CO2. Among the carbon sources investigated, glucose was found to be the best performing carbon source for the CLF fermentation with 35 g L−1 of NaCl and 0.01 M of phosphate buffer. Hence, an up-scale experiment using a 3 L fermenter and the combination of the best performing conditions showed a 2.2 times more lactic acid synthesis compared to the 0.12 L serum bottle experiments. The study reveals the robustness and flexibility of the CLF-based technology using T. neapolitana cf capnolactica fermentation under various operating environmental conditions.

ACS Style

Nirakar Pradhan; Giuliana D’Ippolito; Laura Dipasquale; Giovanni Esposito; Antonio Panico; Piet N.L. Lens; Angelo Fontana. Simultaneous synthesis of lactic acid and hydrogen from sugars via capnophilic lactic fermentation by Thermotoga neapolitana cf capnolactica. Biomass and Bioenergy 2019, 125, 17 -22.

AMA Style

Nirakar Pradhan, Giuliana D’Ippolito, Laura Dipasquale, Giovanni Esposito, Antonio Panico, Piet N.L. Lens, Angelo Fontana. Simultaneous synthesis of lactic acid and hydrogen from sugars via capnophilic lactic fermentation by Thermotoga neapolitana cf capnolactica. Biomass and Bioenergy. 2019; 125 ():17-22.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nirakar Pradhan; Giuliana D’Ippolito; Laura Dipasquale; Giovanni Esposito; Antonio Panico; Piet N.L. Lens; Angelo Fontana. 2019. "Simultaneous synthesis of lactic acid and hydrogen from sugars via capnophilic lactic fermentation by Thermotoga neapolitana cf capnolactica." Biomass and Bioenergy 125, no. : 17-22.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2019 in Environmental Engineering Science
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Anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) coupled to sulfate reduction is a biological process regulating the methane cycle with potential application in desulfurization of industrial wastewater using methane as an electron donor. However, it has been difficult to control and fully understand this process, mainly due to the slow-growing nature of the AOM-mediating microorganisms. A biotrickling filter (BTF) operating at ambient pressure and temperature was used to enrich microorganisms from a deep-sea anaerobic methane-oxidizing sediment (Alpha Mound, Gulf of Cadiz). Different sulfur compounds namely, sulfate, elemental sulfur, and thiosulfate were used as electron acceptors to understand their effects on the AOM, sulfate reduction rates, and the microbial community distribution. The highest AOM and sulfate reduction rates were obtained in the BTF fed with thiosulfate as the electron acceptor (∼0.4 mmol/[L·day]). Use of thiosulfate triggered the enrichment of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in the BTF, whereas the highest number of anaerobic methanotrophs (ANME) was visualized in the sulfate-fed BTF (ANME-2 43% of the total visualized archaea), where sulfate was reduced at a maximum rate of 0.3 mmol/[L·day]. This study shows that ANME and SRB obtained from deep-sea conditions (528 m below sea level) can be enriched in a BTF at ambient pressure and temperature with a relatively short start-up time (42 days).

ACS Style

Chiara Cassarini; Susma Bhattarai; Eldon R. Rene; Carsten Vogt; Niculina Musat; Giovanni Esposito; Piet Nicolaas Luc Lens. Enrichment of Anaerobic Methanotrophs in Biotrickling Filters Using Different Sulfur Compounds as Electron Acceptor. Environmental Engineering Science 2019, 36, 431 -443.

AMA Style

Chiara Cassarini, Susma Bhattarai, Eldon R. Rene, Carsten Vogt, Niculina Musat, Giovanni Esposito, Piet Nicolaas Luc Lens. Enrichment of Anaerobic Methanotrophs in Biotrickling Filters Using Different Sulfur Compounds as Electron Acceptor. Environmental Engineering Science. 2019; 36 (4):431-443.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chiara Cassarini; Susma Bhattarai; Eldon R. Rene; Carsten Vogt; Niculina Musat; Giovanni Esposito; Piet Nicolaas Luc Lens. 2019. "Enrichment of Anaerobic Methanotrophs in Biotrickling Filters Using Different Sulfur Compounds as Electron Acceptor." Environmental Engineering Science 36, no. 4: 431-443.

Journal article
Published: 25 February 2019 in Renewable Energy
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Hydrogen is a strong inhibitor of dark fermentation. We aimed at directly correlating the hydrogen production by Thermotoga neapolitana with the supersaturation of hydrogen in the liquid phase (H2aq), which is often disregarded. Different agitation speeds, biogas recirculation and bubble induction by AnoxK™ K1 carrier were tested to prevent the supersaturation of H2aq. At 100 rpm agitation, the H2aq was 29.7 (±1.4) mL/L, which is 3-times higher than 9.7 mL/L, i.e. the equilibrium concentration given by Henry's law. Increasing the agitation speed up to 600 rpm reduced the H2aq until 8.5 (±0.1) mL/L in 2 h and increased the hydrogen production rate (HPR) from 39 (±2) mL/L/h at 0 rpm to 198 (±4) mL/L/h at 600 rpm. Similar to 600 rpm, biogas recirculation and the presence of K1 carrier at 200 rpm maintained the H2aq below the equilibrium concentration. This study demonstrates the reciprocal influence of HPR and H2aq and revealed an inverse nonlinear correlation between the two parameters. Therefore, we conclude that an adequate gas-liquid mass transfer, efficiently provided by biogas recirculation or the presence of solid materials (e.g. a biomass carrier), is essential to remove H2 from the liquid phase and prevent H2 supersaturation.

ACS Style

Gilbert Dreschke; Stefano Papirio; Piet N.L. Lens; Giovanni Esposito. Influence of liquid-phase hydrogen on dark fermentation by Thermotoga neapolitana. Renewable Energy 2019, 140, 354 -360.

AMA Style

Gilbert Dreschke, Stefano Papirio, Piet N.L. Lens, Giovanni Esposito. Influence of liquid-phase hydrogen on dark fermentation by Thermotoga neapolitana. Renewable Energy. 2019; 140 ():354-360.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gilbert Dreschke; Stefano Papirio; Piet N.L. Lens; Giovanni Esposito. 2019. "Influence of liquid-phase hydrogen on dark fermentation by Thermotoga neapolitana." Renewable Energy 140, no. : 354-360.

Journal article
Published: 13 February 2019 in Energies
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Rice straw is an abundant and sustainable substrate for anaerobic digestion (AD), but it is often deficient in essential trace elements (TEs) for proper microbial growth and metabolism. A lack of TEs leads to AD imbalances and suboptimal biogas yields. However, the total TE concentration is not a sufficient indicator of the amount of TEs available to the microorganisms. Therefore, this study investigated the degree of bioavailability of iron (Fe) and cobalt (Co) during the AD of rice straw, and correlated it to the biomethane yields and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) produced. When the two TEs were dosed at 205 µg Fe/g TS and 18 µg Co/g TS of rice straw, the biomethane production was approximately 260 mL CH4/g VS, i.e., similar to that obtained when Fe and Co were not added. Despite an increased bioavailable fraction of 23 and 48% for Fe and Co, respectively, after TEs addition, the AD performance was not enhanced. Moreover, VFAs did not exceed 250 mg HAc/L both in the presence and absence of added TEs, confirming no enhancement of the methanogenesis step. Therefore, the bioavailability of Fe and Co was not a limiting factor for the biomethane production at low total VFAs concentration.

ACS Style

Gabriele Mancini; Stefano Papirio; Piet N. L. Lens; Giovanni Esposito. A Preliminary Study of the Effect of Bioavailable Fe and Co on the Anaerobic Digestion of Rice Straw. Energies 2019, 12, 577 .

AMA Style

Gabriele Mancini, Stefano Papirio, Piet N. L. Lens, Giovanni Esposito. A Preliminary Study of the Effect of Bioavailable Fe and Co on the Anaerobic Digestion of Rice Straw. Energies. 2019; 12 (4):577.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriele Mancini; Stefano Papirio; Piet N. L. Lens; Giovanni Esposito. 2019. "A Preliminary Study of the Effect of Bioavailable Fe and Co on the Anaerobic Digestion of Rice Straw." Energies 12, no. 4: 577.

Original article
Published: 16 November 2018 in Annals of Microbiology
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The research aim of this study was to characterize an isolated native strain of Chlorella sp. ACUF_802, well adapted to a high nitrate concentration environment and to investigate its potential to nitrate and phosphate removal from industrial wastewaters with the minimal addition of chemical reagents and energy. The isolated strain was identified and evaluated for its capability to support biomass growth and nutrient removal from synthetic wastewater in batch tests using different concentrations of carbon and nitrogen, different carbon sources and N:P ratios. The strain was isolated via the plating method from the settler of a pilot scale moving bed biofilm reactor performing a nitrification process. The strain was identified using molecular analysis with rDNA primers. Using sodium bicarbonate as carbon source, the batch productivity (71.43 mg L−1 day−1) of the strain Chlorella sp. ACUF_802 was calculated with a logistic model and compared to the values reported in the literature. Assays on the effect of the N:P ratio indicated that the productivity was increased 36% when the N:P ratio was close to 1 (111.96 mg L−1 day−1), but for a complete phosphorus removal a 5:1 N:P ratio with nitrate concentrations ≤125 mg∙L−1 is recommended. The isolated microalgae strain Chlorella sp. ACUF_802 showed versatility to grow in the synthetic industrial wastewaters tested and can be considered as an appropriate organism for nitrogen removal from industrial wastewaters in the presence of an organic or inorganic carbon source.

ACS Style

Jairo Hernan Moreno Osorio; Vincenzo Luongo; Angelo Del Mondo; Gabriele Pinto; Antonino Pollio; Luigi Frunzo; Piet Nicolaas Luc Lens; Giovanni Esposito. Nutrient removal from high strength nitrate containing industrial wastewater using Chlorella sp. strain ACUF_802. Annals of Microbiology 2018, 68, 899 -913.

AMA Style

Jairo Hernan Moreno Osorio, Vincenzo Luongo, Angelo Del Mondo, Gabriele Pinto, Antonino Pollio, Luigi Frunzo, Piet Nicolaas Luc Lens, Giovanni Esposito. Nutrient removal from high strength nitrate containing industrial wastewater using Chlorella sp. strain ACUF_802. Annals of Microbiology. 2018; 68 (12):899-913.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jairo Hernan Moreno Osorio; Vincenzo Luongo; Angelo Del Mondo; Gabriele Pinto; Antonino Pollio; Luigi Frunzo; Piet Nicolaas Luc Lens; Giovanni Esposito. 2018. "Nutrient removal from high strength nitrate containing industrial wastewater using Chlorella sp. strain ACUF_802." Annals of Microbiology 68, no. 12: 899-913.

Journal article
Published: 10 November 2018 in Bioresource Technology
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This study focused on the effect of feed glucose and acetic acid on biohydrogen production by Thermotoga neapolitana under continuous-flow conditions. Increasing the feed glucose concentration from 11.1 to 41.6 mM decreased the hydrogen yield from 3.6 (± 0.1) to 1.4 (± 0.1) mol H2/mol glucose. The hydrogen production rate concomitantly increased until 27.8 mM of feed glucose but remained unaffected when feed glucose was further raised to 41.6 mM. Increasing the acetic acid concentration from 0 to 240 mM hampered dark fermentation in batch bioassays, diminishing the cumulative hydrogen production by 45% and the hydrogen production rate by 57%, but induced no negative effect during continuous operation. Indeed, throughout the continuous flow operation the process performance improved considerably, as indicated by the 47% increase of hydrogen yield up to 3.1 (± 0.1) mol H2/mol glucose on day 110 at 27.8 mM feed glucose.

ACS Style

Gilbert Dreschke; Stefano Papirio; Désirée M.G. Sisinni; Piet N.L. Lens; Giovanni Esposito. Effect of feed glucose and acetic acid on continuous biohydrogen production by Thermotoga neapolitana. Bioresource Technology 2018, 273, 416 -424.

AMA Style

Gilbert Dreschke, Stefano Papirio, Désirée M.G. Sisinni, Piet N.L. Lens, Giovanni Esposito. Effect of feed glucose and acetic acid on continuous biohydrogen production by Thermotoga neapolitana. Bioresource Technology. 2018; 273 ():416-424.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gilbert Dreschke; Stefano Papirio; Désirée M.G. Sisinni; Piet N.L. Lens; Giovanni Esposito. 2018. "Effect of feed glucose and acetic acid on continuous biohydrogen production by Thermotoga neapolitana." Bioresource Technology 273, no. : 416-424.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2018 in Journal of Environmental Quality
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Seleniferous soil collected from the wheat ( L.)-grown agricultural land in Punjab, India, was characterized and the Se concentration in various soil fractions was determined by sequential extraction. The soil had a total Se content of 4.75 (±0.02) mg kg, of which 44% was observed in the oxidizable soil fraction. Soil flushing as an in situ technique was performed to simulate the Se migration pattern in case of rainfall or irrigation. Significant migration of Se from the upper layer to the lower layers was observed during water percolation through the soil column at a flow rate of 1 mL min, which could be attributed to Se reduction in the lower anoxic layers of the soil column. For ex situ treatment, the soil washing technique was optimized by varying different parameters such as treatment time, temperature, pH, liquid to solid (L:S) ratio, and presence of competing ions and oxidizing agents. Selenium extraction from soil was significantly improved by the presence of oxidizing agents in the washing solution: ∼38% Se was removed from the soil in the presence of 0.5% KMnO. In contrast, parameters such as treatment time, temperature, pH, L:S ratio, and competing ions did not significantly enhance the Se extraction efficiency. In this research, laboratory-scale in situ and ex situ treatment techniques for Se removal from soil were studied and optimized. The results provide an insight for large-scale Se removal and recovery from seleniferous soils.

ACS Style

Shrutika L. Wadgaonkar; Alberto Ferraro; Marco Race; Yarlagadda V. Nancharaiah; Karaj S. Dhillon; Massimiliano Fabbricino; Giovanni Esposito; Piet Nicolaas Luc Lens. Optimization of Soil Washing to Reduce the Selenium Levels of Seleniferous Soil from Punjab, Northwestern India. Journal of Environmental Quality 2018, 47, 1530 -1537.

AMA Style

Shrutika L. Wadgaonkar, Alberto Ferraro, Marco Race, Yarlagadda V. Nancharaiah, Karaj S. Dhillon, Massimiliano Fabbricino, Giovanni Esposito, Piet Nicolaas Luc Lens. Optimization of Soil Washing to Reduce the Selenium Levels of Seleniferous Soil from Punjab, Northwestern India. Journal of Environmental Quality. 2018; 47 (6):1530-1537.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shrutika L. Wadgaonkar; Alberto Ferraro; Marco Race; Yarlagadda V. Nancharaiah; Karaj S. Dhillon; Massimiliano Fabbricino; Giovanni Esposito; Piet Nicolaas Luc Lens. 2018. "Optimization of Soil Washing to Reduce the Selenium Levels of Seleniferous Soil from Punjab, Northwestern India." Journal of Environmental Quality 47, no. 6: 1530-1537.