Although it has access to hydrocarbon reserves, Kazakhstan has developed a strategy for the transition to a low-carbon economy, which should include the use of renewable energy sources. In this framework, the use of biomass from waste could have the potential to reduce emissions from traditionally fueled energy generation, as well as adding value to the generated waste, which also improves waste management according to the principles of a circular economy. The analysis of the resources and energy potential from residual biomass in Kazakhstan presents an annual production of 37.26 × 10⁶ tons of residual biomass, which could be capable of producing an energy potential of 466.74 PJ/year, little more than half to the total production from all the installed power plants in the country. Agricultural, animal and municipal solid waste are available to produce energy in Kazakhstan based on combustion technologies; however, animal waste and agricultural are the main potential sources with 61.02% and 38.34% of the theoretical total biomass potential energy analyses, respectively. Considering that 80% of Kazakhstan’s electricity generation comes from coal-fired plants, energy from agriculture could be co-fired for the gradual replacement of coal with biomass in operational power plants, without substantially increasing costs or infrastructure investments, thereby making the transition to a low-carbon economy and renewable energy sources in the country easier.

MATEC Web of Conferences, open access proceedings in Materials science, Engineering and Chemistry

In this article, a study of the processes of heat and mass transfer in high-temperature and thermochemically activated reacting flows in a real physicochemical system (turbulent flows with physicochemical transformations in combustion chambers) in three-dimensional geometry using numerical methods was carried out. As a result of computational experiments vector distribution full velocity, temperature fields, fields of concentrations of nitrogen oxides NO over the entire volume of the combustion chamber were obtained and a comparative analysis was carried out for the two boilers. The results obtained allow us to conclude that the use of plasma preparation of a pulverized coal torch for combustion has a positive effect on the process of heat and mass transfer and allows minimizing emissions of harmful substances.

In this work, a comprehensive study of thermal processes and aerodynamic and concentration characteristics of the combustion chamber of the boiler BKZ-75 of the Shakhtinskaya thermal power plant (Kazakhstan) are presented. A comparison of the characteristics of the combustion processes for two cases is given for the direct-flow method of supplying the mixture - the burners are located on opposite-side walls and the swirl-air mixture supplying method - burners with a swirl angle of the air mixture flow and their inclination to the centre of symmetry of the boiler by 30 degrees. The research results allow us to determine the optimal technological parameters of the studied object, to improve the methodology for the numerical study of heat and mass transfer processes in high-temperature and chemically reacting flows in the presence of turbulence, and also develop appropriate technological solutions for installing burner devices (direct-flow or swirl) in the studied combustion chamber.