Application of confinement as repairing technique can improve the strength and ductility of concrete significantly. This paper compares the existing models of repaired concrete, and describes the differences between these models. Over recent years, a great number of studies have been done to develop the models to define the stress-strain behaviour of repaired structures. The considered variables are the cross-sectional area, types of confinement, types of materials used and type of the strength models. Subsequently, the limitations were discussed and significant conclusions on the strength and weakness of each existing models were highlighted. This paper presented the state of the art design strength models available for repaired concrete structures and indicated a direction for future development.

The behavior of high-strength concrete (HSC) - filled fiber-reinforced-polymer (FRP) tubes (HSCFFTs) column subjected to cyclic lateral loading is presented in this paper. As the experimental study is costly and time consuming, a finite element analysis (FEA) is chosen for the study. Most of the previous studies have focused on examining the axial load behavior of HSCFFT column instead of seismic behavior. The seismic behavior of HSCFFT columns has been the main interest in the industry. The key objective of this research is to develop a reliable numerical non-linear FEA model to represent the seismic behavior of such column. A FEA model was developed using the Concrete Damaged Plasticity Model (CDPM) available in the finite element software package (ABAQUS). Comparisons between experimental results from previous research and the predicted results were made based on load versus displacement relationships and ultimate strength of the column. The results showed that the column increased in ductility and able to deform to a greater extent with the increase of the FRP confinement ratio. With the increase of confinement ratio, HSCFFT column achieved a higher moment resistance, thus indicated a higher failure strength in the column under cyclic lateral load. It was found that the proposed FEA model can regenerate the experimental results with adequate accuracy.