Balancing ecological conservation with development pressures remains a critical challenge in regions hosting mega-events like the Winter Olympics. This study evaluates the ecological impacts of pre-Olympic construction in Chongli, China (2016–2021), through the integrated analysis of ecosystem service value (ESV) and landscape ecological risk (LERI). Using Sentinel-2 imagery and spatial statistics, we quantified land-use changes, applied benefit transfer methods for ESV assessment, and calculated the LERI using landscape pattern indices. The results revealed a 4.6% increase in the total ESV (266.4 to 278.7 million CNY), which was driven by afforestation initiatives that expanded the area of shrub-grassland and forests. Concurrently, the proportion of high/moderate LERI areas decreased by 12.3%, indicating reduced ecological vulnerability. Spatial correlation analysis demonstrated significant negative relationships between the ESV and LERI, particularly in zones that were undergoing ecological restoration. However, urban expansion weakened these synergies locally. The findings of this study highlight that strategic greening effectively enhanced ecosystem services while mitigating landscape risks during preparations for the Olympics. We propose an adaptive zoning framework that emphasizes dynamic ESV-LERI monitoring, tourism carrying capacity regulation, and payment for ecosystem service mechanisms to optimize post-event management. This integrated approach provides a transferable model for ecological governance in ecologically sensitive areas facing rapid development pressures, demonstrating the value of dual assessment methodologies in sustainable spatial planning.

Exploring the dynamic changes and trade-offs/synergies among ecosystem services is essential to urban ecological protection and sustainable development. In this study, we quantified the spatio-temporal changes in nine ecosystem service values in Beijing from 2000 to 2020 based on land-use data and the equivalent factor method. Correlation analysis and geographically weighted regression were combined to explore the trade-offs and synergies between ecosystem services. The results show that (1) the total ecosystem service value of Beijing increased from CNY 15 billion to 52 billion from 2000 to 2020, and the value was mainly contributed to by forest, cropland, and water. The regulating services covered the largest proportion of the total ecosystem service value, followed by the supporting services; (2) the high-ESV area was mainly located in the mountainous area with abundant forest resources, and the low values were mainly concentrated in central urban areas; (3) most of the ecosystem service pairs had synergies, while the trade-offs mainly existed between food supply services and other services. Measures, such as controlling built-up areas, increasing the area of green space and enhancing vegetation protection, as well as implementing high-quality agriculture, should be taken in order to balance the relationship between ESs and improve ecosystem management in Beijing.