Background: AIDS as a human crisis may lead to devastating psychological trauma and stress for patients. Therefore, it is necessary to study different aspects of their lives for better support and care. Accordingly, this study aimed to explain the lived experience of HIV-infected patients in the face of a positive diagnosis of the disease. Methods: This qualitative study is a descriptive phenomenological study. Sampling was done purposefully and participants were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data collection was conducted, using semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was performed using Colaizzi’s method. Results: 12 AIDS patients participated in this study. As a result of data analysis, 5 main themes and 12 sub-themes were identified, which include: emotional shock (loathing, motivation of social isolation), the fear of the consequences (fear of the death, fear of loneliness, fear of disgrace), the feeling of the guilt (feeling of regret, feeling guilty, feeling of conscience-stricken), the discouragement (suicidal ideation, disappointment), and the escape from reality (denial, trying to hide). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that patients will experience unpleasant phenomenon in the face of the positive diagnosis of the disease and will be subjected to severe psychological pressures that require attention and support of medical and laboratory centers.

Objective. The aim of this study is to explain the stressors of the clinical environment from the perspective of operating room undergraduate students. Methods. The present study is a qualitative study of contractual content analysis type that was conducted in 2019 at Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. In this study, 10 undergraduate operating room students were selected by purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Results. From the analysis of interviews, 4 main categories were extracted as the stressors of operating room students of Hamadan Paramedical School in clinical learning environment: the need to receive support from the clinical environment (Insufficient students’ skills in communicating with staff, Discrimination between paramedical students and residents, and Facilities available for training), lack of practical prerequisite skills (Contradiction between training and performance, and Lack of prerequisite knowledge for clinical practice), poor supportive and communication performance related to the instructor (Insufficient support of the instructor to the students against the medical staff, Evaluation criteria for instructors, and Treatment of instructor with students in presence of others), and psychological needs (Concerns about career prospects, Lack of motivational factors, and Lack of supportive counseling). Conclusion. The results of this study showed that Operating room students are faced with many stressors in the clinical learning environment. All stressors identified in this study affected the students’ learning in the clinical setting. Lack of support for students in the clinical environment, poor practical skills training, poor support and communication performance related to the instructor, and poor psychological support of students are the factors that cause operating room student stress in the clinical environment.

Background: Emergency medical service providers are frequently exposed to a variety of stressors as a result of their work environment. These stressors can have detrimental effects on both the physical and mental well-being of individuals. This study was conducted with the aim of exploring stress management strategies in emergency medical service providers.Methods: This study was conducted in 2023 using a qualitative approach and content analysis method. A purposive sampling method was used to include 16 emergency medical system providers from Hamadan city. Semi-structured interviews, with a duration of 45–60 min, were conducted for data collection. The Data were analyzed using Graneheim and Lundman’s conventional content analysis approach.Results: The analysis of the interview data revealed three themes: readiness for the worst conditions, assistance based on supportive partnerships, and striving for balance. The six categories within these three themes were mental preparation, risk management, collaborations in emergency response, supportive communication, adaptive behaviors, and maladaptive responses.Conclusions: The results of this study shed light on the various stress management strategies employed by emergency medical service providers. Understanding and implementing effective stress management strategies can not only enhance the well-being of emergency medical service providers but also improve the quality of patient care. Further research and action are essential to promote the resilience and mental health of these professionals, ensuring their overall well-being and job satisfaction.

Background: Surgical smoke is an integral part of surgical operations that the surgical team has been exposed to for so long. This study aimed to investigate the effects of smoke, on members of the surgical team. Methods: A systematic review was conducted focusing on the complexity of surgical smoke. PubMed, Scopus and web of science databases were searched until May 2020 without any time or language limitation. All documents were reviewed by title or abstract according to the search strategy. The screening process of articles was performed by two independent authors. The articles were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Overall, 37 studies in this systematic study were investigated. The effects of many surgical smokes were found in a nutshell including complications such as carcinogenic, toxicity, mutation, irritant, transmission of tumor cells, virus transmission, headaches, dizziness, sleepiness, headache, the bad odor in head hair, the tearing of the eye on the surgical team and staff. Conclusion: Surgical smoke, produced during surgical operations, is one of the risks and threats to which the surgical team and operating room staff are at risk then can affect the organs of different bodies from the body of all operating room staff and surgical team.

Introduction: Cesarean section (C-section) is one of the most prevalent surgeries among women. The preoperative stages in the surgery day and lack of control over being in an unfamiliar situation and feeling danger cause anxiety, and consequently, instability in patients. This study aimed to...