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DC microgrid has relatively more advantages of power quality, not requirement of reactive power, higher operational efficiency compare to AC microgrid. DC microgrid can facilitate effective integration of distributed clean energy resources and efficient solution for providing electricity to remote areas (e.g. North Eastern States of India). Recently, India has commissioned small hydro, solar PV and battery storage integrated DC microgrids (MGs) to meet the locally increasing load demand of northeastern states. The sudden change in solar insolation during the load power dynamics can cause unbalanced power flow in such isolated MGs. Due to the slow response time of small hydro power plant (SHPP) and limited output power of battery storage with fixed C-rate, the unbalanced power flow, during load power dynamics, cannot be compensated. The unbalanced power flow may lead to unsustainable voltage control at the DC bus of MG. To prevent this, MG follows load shedding. But, load shedding reduces the reliability of MG. To achieve the sustainable voltage control of DC MG, a smart adaptive energy management strategy (AEMS) is proposed in this research work. The novel aspect of proposed AEMS is that it operates the SHPP despite its slow response time by estimating the load power dynamics on the iterative basis. The deep charging/deep discharging scenario of battery storage due to mismatch between the total generation with estimated load and the actual load is taken care by the adjustable energy controller of proposed AEMS. To justify the potential contributions of proposed AEMS, it is assessed against various dynamic test load cases. Based on the assessment of obtained results against various test load cases, in this work, a comparative analysis is carried out between the proposed AEMS and the existing control strategies in the literature. The comparative analysis reveals that with the proposed AEMS, voltage sustainability of MG is improved by 22.7% and the utilization factor of SHPP is enhanced by 55.27% with 98.17% reduction in current stress levels of battery storage system. Finally, the proposed AEMS is evaluated in MATLAB/Simulink as well as validated through OPAL-RT real time simulator.
K. Raghavendra Naik; Bhooshan Rajpathak; Arghya Mitra; Mohan Lal Kolhe. Adaptive energy management strategy for sustainable voltage control of PV-hydro-battery integrated DC microgrid. Journal of Cleaner Production 2021, 315, 128102 .
AMA StyleK. Raghavendra Naik, Bhooshan Rajpathak, Arghya Mitra, Mohan Lal Kolhe. Adaptive energy management strategy for sustainable voltage control of PV-hydro-battery integrated DC microgrid. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2021; 315 ():128102.
Chicago/Turabian StyleK. Raghavendra Naik; Bhooshan Rajpathak; Arghya Mitra; Mohan Lal Kolhe. 2021. "Adaptive energy management strategy for sustainable voltage control of PV-hydro-battery integrated DC microgrid." Journal of Cleaner Production 315, no. : 128102.
Biogas, consisting of CH4 and CO2, is a promising energy source and can be converted into H2 by a dry reforming reaction. In this study, a membrane reactor is adopted to promote the performance of biogas dry reforming. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of pressure of sweep gas on a biogas dry reforming to get H2. The effect of molar ratio of supplied CH4:CO2 and reaction temperature is also investigated. It is observed that the impact of psweep on concentrations of CH4 and CO2 is small irrespective of reaction temperature. The concentrations of H2 and CO increase with an increase in reaction temperature t. The concentration of H2, at the outlet of the reaction chamber, reduces with a decrease in psweep. It is due to an increase in H2 extraction from the reaction chamber to the sweep chamber. The highest concentration of H2 is obtained in the case of the molar ratio of CH4:CO2 = 1:1. The concentration of CO is the highest in the case of the molar ratio of CH4:CO2 = 1.5:1. The highest sweep effect is obtained at reaction temperature of 500 °C and psweep of 0.045 MPa.
Akira Nishimura; Tomohiro Takada; Satoshi Ohata; Mohan Kolhe. Biogas Dry Reforming for Hydrogen through Membrane Reactor Utilizing Negative Pressure. Fuels 2021, 2, 194 -209.
AMA StyleAkira Nishimura, Tomohiro Takada, Satoshi Ohata, Mohan Kolhe. Biogas Dry Reforming for Hydrogen through Membrane Reactor Utilizing Negative Pressure. Fuels. 2021; 2 (2):194-209.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAkira Nishimura; Tomohiro Takada; Satoshi Ohata; Mohan Kolhe. 2021. "Biogas Dry Reforming for Hydrogen through Membrane Reactor Utilizing Negative Pressure." Fuels 2, no. 2: 194-209.
An appropriate energy management scheme is needed for the reliable and sustainable operation of DC microgrid. The energy management scheme of DC microgrid (MG) is mainly controlled by main energy resource of MG. Main energy resource needs to be dispatchable unit for forming the reference voltage within DC MG. In this work, a micro hydro generator (MHG) is considered as a dispatchable source for forming the sustainable voltage level of DC MG operating under the abnormal condition. In this work, the abnormality refers to the outage of solar PV due to intermittency during fluctuating load condition. But, due to mechanical time constant of MHG and rate of charging/discharging current limit of energy storage system, the fluctuating load cannot get compensated. The uncompensated fluctuating load results in unsustainable voltage control of DC MG. The CEMS proposed in this work, maintains sustainable voltage level of DC MG during the load power fluctuation through a coordination of mechanical control loop (MCL)-electrical control loop (ECL). The coordination targets sustainable voltage control of MG with optimal power extraction of micro hydro generation. To ensure the optimal power from MHG during load power fluctuation, CEMS operates it in the variable speed mode through pre-set load controller (PSLC) and proportional predictive controller. Depending on the type of load power fluctuation, the proportional predictive controller generates a reference torque to MCL based on the predicted speed change set by PSLC. PSLC predicts the load power and speed change on iteration basis. MCL sets proportional mechanical power to the permanent magnet synchronous generator through hydro turbine. Then, MHG is going to dispatch the proportional DC power to the load through voltage-oriented control scheme of active rectifier. ECL balances the mismatched power flow between the output power of MHG and fluctuating load through a battery-SC based energy storage system. In this work, the proposed CEMS assessed against slow rate fluctuating (t ≥ 9secs) and fast rate fluctuating (t < 3secs) load patterns. Moreover, the proposed CEMS is validated in MATLAB/Simulink as well as OPAL-RT real time simulator.
K. Raghavendra Naik; Bhooshan Rajpathak; Arghya Mitra; Mohan Lal Kolhe. Assessment of energy management technique for achieving the sustainable voltage level during grid outage of hydro generator interfaced DC Micro-Grid. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 2021, 46, 101231 .
AMA StyleK. Raghavendra Naik, Bhooshan Rajpathak, Arghya Mitra, Mohan Lal Kolhe. Assessment of energy management technique for achieving the sustainable voltage level during grid outage of hydro generator interfaced DC Micro-Grid. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments. 2021; 46 ():101231.
Chicago/Turabian StyleK. Raghavendra Naik; Bhooshan Rajpathak; Arghya Mitra; Mohan Lal Kolhe. 2021. "Assessment of energy management technique for achieving the sustainable voltage level during grid outage of hydro generator interfaced DC Micro-Grid." Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 46, no. : 101231.
In this paper, solar photovoltaic hosting capacity within the electrical distribution network is estimated for different buses, and the impacts of high PV penetration are evaluated using power hardware-in-loop testing methods. It is observed that the considered operational constraints (i.e. voltage and loadings) and their operational limits have a significant impact on the hosting capacity results. However, with increasing photovoltaic penetration, some of the network buses reach maximum hosting capacity, which affects the network operation (e.g. bus voltages, line loading). The results show that even distributing the maximum hosting capacity among different buses can increase the bus voltage rise to 9%. To maintain the network bus voltages within acceptable limits, reactive power voltage-based droop control is implemented in the photovoltaic conditioning devices to test the dynamics of the network operation. The results show that implementation of the droop control technique can reduce the maximum voltage rise from 9% to 4% in the considered case. This paper also presents the impact of forming a mesh type network (i.e. from radial network) on the voltage profile during PV penetration, and a comparative analysis of the operational performance of a mesh type and radial type electrical network is performed. It is observed that the cumulative effect of forming a mesh type network along with a droop control strategy can further improve the voltage profile and contribute to increase photovoltaic penetration. The results are verified using an experimental setup of digital real-time simulator and power hardware-in-loop test methods. The results from this work will be useful for estimating the appropriate photovoltaic hosting capacity within a distribution network and implementation of a droop control strategy in power conditioning devices to maintain the network operational parameters within the specified limits. Highlights Voltage and line loading constraints’ combination can reduce PV hosting capacity by 50% as compared to only voltage as a constraint. Implementation of reactive power versus voltage droop control in PV power conditioning device can reduce voltage variation from 9% to 4%. In a PV integrated electrical energy network, line loading can be reduced by 20% if the network is configured from radial to mesh type.
Arvind Sharma; Mohan Kolhe; Alkistis Kontou; Dimitrios Lagos; Panos Kotsampopoulos. Solar photovoltaic-based microgrid hosting capacity evaluation in electrical energy distribution network with voltage quality analysis. SN Applied Sciences 2021, 3, 1 -22.
AMA StyleArvind Sharma, Mohan Kolhe, Alkistis Kontou, Dimitrios Lagos, Panos Kotsampopoulos. Solar photovoltaic-based microgrid hosting capacity evaluation in electrical energy distribution network with voltage quality analysis. SN Applied Sciences. 2021; 3 (5):1-22.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArvind Sharma; Mohan Kolhe; Alkistis Kontou; Dimitrios Lagos; Panos Kotsampopoulos. 2021. "Solar photovoltaic-based microgrid hosting capacity evaluation in electrical energy distribution network with voltage quality analysis." SN Applied Sciences 3, no. 5: 1-22.
The game theory concept has been adapted for energy management between energy producers and consumers in the presence of renewable energy sources (RES) and electric vehicles (EVs). The objective of the paper is to increase the penetration of renewable energy sources and EVs by the Stackelberg game theory model with real-time pricing. RES are the energy generation sources located near load centers to manage the demand of consumers. The primary objective of EV is transportation, but for managing the energy demand, EV participate in grid operations as a back up source of energy. EV are charged during off-peak hours and discharged to the grid during peak hours. Consumers benefited in terms of higher payoffs to supply energy during peak hours. To increase the payoffs, consumers can shift their appliance operation from high price duration to low price duration and create a new peak energy consumption. To maintain the balance between consumers and utility, an optimization tool is essential. The Stackelberg game theory model is a one leader and N followers’ game, the leader first declares the energy price and the follower respond by selecting their best response for energy consumption. The leader can update its strategy again by considering the follower best response to obtain maximum benefits. The process to achieve the best response of the follower and leader is called the Stackelberg nash equilibrium. Objective of energy producers is to supply maximum energy through renewable energy sources and the use of EVs as storage units. The prime objective of consumers is to minimize energy tariff by scheduling the appliances.
Akash Talwariya; Pushpendra Singh; Mohan Lal Kolhe. Stackelberg Game Theory Based Energy Management Systems in the Presence of Renewable Energy Sources. IETE Journal of Research 2021, 1 -10.
AMA StyleAkash Talwariya, Pushpendra Singh, Mohan Lal Kolhe. Stackelberg Game Theory Based Energy Management Systems in the Presence of Renewable Energy Sources. IETE Journal of Research. 2021; ():1-10.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAkash Talwariya; Pushpendra Singh; Mohan Lal Kolhe. 2021. "Stackelberg Game Theory Based Energy Management Systems in the Presence of Renewable Energy Sources." IETE Journal of Research , no. : 1-10.
Mohan Lal Kolhe; John Hu. Editorial to the special issue (RETESS) of renewable energy (ISSN: 0960–1481). Renewable Energy 2020, 160, 98 .
AMA StyleMohan Lal Kolhe, John Hu. Editorial to the special issue (RETESS) of renewable energy (ISSN: 0960–1481). Renewable Energy. 2020; 160 ():98.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohan Lal Kolhe; John Hu. 2020. "Editorial to the special issue (RETESS) of renewable energy (ISSN: 0960–1481)." Renewable Energy 160, no. : 98.
In Japan, it is recommended to operate Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell (PEFC) at temperature around 90 °C for stationary applications during the period from 2020 to 2025. However, the present PEFC is using Nafion polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) and operated within the temperature range from 60 °C to 80 °C. It is important to understand the temperature distribution in a cell of PEFC for improving the performance and to realize the long life span. This study focuses on use of micro porous layer (MPL), which can promote the moisture transfer in order to control the temperature distribution. The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of MPL on temperature distribution at reaction surface in single cell of PEFC during the variations of flow rates and relative humidity of supply gases. In the operation, relatively higher temperature 90 °C is maintained and analyzed through the heat transfer model. This study also investigates the impact of PEM thickness on the temperature distribution comparing the conditions with and without MPL. As a result, it is proposed that the combination of thinner PEM and MPL can be effective to manage temperature distribution uniformly, and obtain better PEFC performance at relatively higher temperature operation.
Akira Nishimura; Kohei Yamamoto; Tatsuya Okado; Yuya Kojima; Masafumi Hirota; Mohan Lal Kolhe. Impact analysis of MPL and PEM thickness on temperature distribution within PEFC operating at relatively higher temperature. Energy 2020, 205, 117875 .
AMA StyleAkira Nishimura, Kohei Yamamoto, Tatsuya Okado, Yuya Kojima, Masafumi Hirota, Mohan Lal Kolhe. Impact analysis of MPL and PEM thickness on temperature distribution within PEFC operating at relatively higher temperature. Energy. 2020; 205 ():117875.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAkira Nishimura; Kohei Yamamoto; Tatsuya Okado; Yuya Kojima; Masafumi Hirota; Mohan Lal Kolhe. 2020. "Impact analysis of MPL and PEM thickness on temperature distribution within PEFC operating at relatively higher temperature." Energy 205, no. : 117875.
The Norwegian rural distributed power network is mainly designed for Holiday Cabins with limited electrical loading capacity. Load prediction analysis, within such type of network, is necessary for effective operation and to manage the increasing demand of new appliances (e. g. electric vehicles and heat pumps). In this paper, load prediction of a distributed power network (i.e. a typical Norwegian rural area power network of 125 cottages with 478 kW peak demand) is carried out using regression analysis techniques for establishing autocorrelations and correlations among weather parameters and occurrence time in the period of 2014–2018. In this study, the regression analysis for load prediction is done considering vertical and continuous time approach for day-ahead prediction. The vertical time approach uses seasonal data for training and inference, compared to continuous time approach which utilizes all data in a continuum from the start of the dataset until the time period used for inference. The vertical approach does this with even fewer data than continuous approach. The regression tools can perform using the low amount of data, and the prediction accuracy matches with other techniques. It is observed through load predictive analysis that the autocorrelation by vertical approach with kNN-regressor gives a low Symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error. The kNN-regressor is compared with Random Forest Regressor, and it uses autoregression. Autoregression is the simplest and the most straightforward predictive model based on the targeted vector itself. The autoregression indicates the decline and incline of the time-series, and thus gives a finite gradient for the curvature of load profile. It is observed that joint learning of regression tools with autoregression can predict time-series components of the different load profile characteristics. The presented load prediction analysis is going to be useful for distributed network operation, demand-side management, integration of renewable energy sources and distributed generators.
Nils Jakob Johannesen; Mohan Lal Kolhe; Morten Goodwin. Smart load prediction analysis for distributed power network of Holiday Cabins in Norwegian rural area. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 266, 121423 .
AMA StyleNils Jakob Johannesen, Mohan Lal Kolhe, Morten Goodwin. Smart load prediction analysis for distributed power network of Holiday Cabins in Norwegian rural area. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 266 ():121423.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNils Jakob Johannesen; Mohan Lal Kolhe; Morten Goodwin. 2020. "Smart load prediction analysis for distributed power network of Holiday Cabins in Norwegian rural area." Journal of Cleaner Production 266, no. : 121423.
The solar photovoltaic (PV) system with battery energy storage have a lot of potential to provide reliable and cost-effective electricity and to contribute in micro-grid operation. However, the operational performance of such type of micro-grid system depends on many factors (e.g. techno-economic sizing, energy management among the sources, market energy prices dynamics, energy dispatch strategies, etc.). In this paper, a typical Indian institutional energy system has considered for techno-economic performance evaluation for operating as a smart micro-grid under market energy pricing dynamics. The institutional energy system has integrated PV, battery storage and DG for operating as a smart micro-grid. An operational energy dispatch strategy for micro-grid has proposed and evaluated for maximizing the local energy resources utilization with contemplation of peak demand and grid outage conditions under market energy pricing dynamics. With techno-economic sizing of PV, battery and DG of considered system; the peak demand has reduced by 10%, DG contribution by 92% and annual energy savings by 45% compare to operation of base system. With proposed energy management strategy, the annual battery energy throughput has increased from 0.4% to 10%, and the DG’s contribution has decreased from 7% to 5% with 10% reduction in levelized cost of energy (CoE) compare to case with techno-economic sizing of PV, battery and DG for considered system. With inclusion of electrical energy pricing dynamics scenario, it has observed that the CoE has increased by 89% with change in time-of-use (ToU) tariff from 100% to 200% and considering energy-selling price to the grid at 100%. However, 8% reduction in the CoE has observed, when the energy-selling price to grid has increased from 100% to 200% at ToU of 100%. The results from this work are going to be useful for developing electrical tariff policies for promoting the PV based institutional micro-grid system under market energy pricing dynamics.
Arvind Sharma; Mohan Kolhe. Techno-economic evaluation of PV based institutional smart micro-grid under energy pricing dynamics. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 264, 121486 .
AMA StyleArvind Sharma, Mohan Kolhe. Techno-economic evaluation of PV based institutional smart micro-grid under energy pricing dynamics. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 264 ():121486.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArvind Sharma; Mohan Kolhe. 2020. "Techno-economic evaluation of PV based institutional smart micro-grid under energy pricing dynamics." Journal of Cleaner Production 264, no. : 121486.
Grid integration of photovoltaic (PV) system with a hybrid energy storage can help not only in increasing more penetration of PV system into the network but also in improving the power system dynamics and control in addition to helping the demand side management. In this work, a PV system with a hybrid energy storage including a battery array and a super capacitor bank is going to work as an active generator with innovative load management and power flow control strategies for managing the active power demand locally considering the grid constraints. This work proposes an architecture for a PV based active generator, which can provide active power in controlled manner while maintaining the frequency stability within the power grid. With the proposed architecture and innovative control strategies, the load demand to the grid can be effectively reduced as the PV generated power can be maximally utilized locally and the power fluctuations can be compensated using the embedded energy storage. The power flow is managed using the hierarchical approach with the state-flow and droop characteristics as a finite state machine.
K.M.S.Y. Konara; Mohan Kolhe; Arvind Sharma. Power flow management controller within a grid connected photovoltaic based active generator as a finite state machine using hierarchical approach with droop characteristics. Renewable Energy 2020, 155, 1021 -1031.
AMA StyleK.M.S.Y. Konara, Mohan Kolhe, Arvind Sharma. Power flow management controller within a grid connected photovoltaic based active generator as a finite state machine using hierarchical approach with droop characteristics. Renewable Energy. 2020; 155 ():1021-1031.
Chicago/Turabian StyleK.M.S.Y. Konara; Mohan Kolhe; Arvind Sharma. 2020. "Power flow management controller within a grid connected photovoltaic based active generator as a finite state machine using hierarchical approach with droop characteristics." Renewable Energy 155, no. : 1021-1031.
Industrial cooling systems consume large quantities of energy with highly variable power demand. To reduce environmental impact and overall energy consumption, and to stabilize the power requirements, it is recommended to recover surplus heat, store energy, and integrate renewable energy production. To control these operations continuously in a complex energy system, an intelligent energy management system can be employed using operational data and machine learning. In this work, we have developed an artificial neural network based technique for modelling operational CO2 refrigerant based industrial cooling systems for embedding in an overall energy management system. The operating temperature and pressure measurements, as well as the operating frequency of compressors, are used in developing operational model of the cooling system, which outputs electrical consumption and refrigerant mass flow without the need for additional physical measurements. The presented model is superior to a generalized theoretical model, as it learns from data that includes individual compressor type characteristics. The results show that the presented approach is relatively precise with a Mean Average Percentage Error (MAPE) as low as 5%, using low resolution and asynchronous data from a case study system. The developed model is also tested in a laboratory setting, where MAPE is shown to be as low as 1.8%.
Sven Myrdahl Opalic; Morten Goodwin; Lei Jiao; Henrik Kofoed Nielsen; Ángel Álvarez Pardiñas; Armin Hafner; Mohan Lal Kolhe. ANN modelling of CO2 refrigerant cooling system COP in a smart warehouse. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 260, 120887 .
AMA StyleSven Myrdahl Opalic, Morten Goodwin, Lei Jiao, Henrik Kofoed Nielsen, Ángel Álvarez Pardiñas, Armin Hafner, Mohan Lal Kolhe. ANN modelling of CO2 refrigerant cooling system COP in a smart warehouse. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 260 ():120887.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSven Myrdahl Opalic; Morten Goodwin; Lei Jiao; Henrik Kofoed Nielsen; Ángel Álvarez Pardiñas; Armin Hafner; Mohan Lal Kolhe. 2020. "ANN modelling of CO2 refrigerant cooling system COP in a smart warehouse." Journal of Cleaner Production 260, no. : 120887.
Recently, a tendency in the growing of grid-connected building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems has been noticed in most countries. Hence, high penetration of PV power into the system network can be observed in many points in the network. This may cause severe problems on the distribution network due to the intermittent nature of PV systems. As a feasible solution, the reactive power capability of voltage source inverter in PV systems can be employed rather than approaching expensive grid infrastructures in the distribution network. The purpose of this study is to implement a 3-phase grid-connected (BIPV) system with reactive power control to regulate the system voltage and improve the system power factor. Subsequent to this, a specific system model has been designed and developed in MATLAB Simulink application. The selection of PV system specifications is based on practical system implementation. The inverter control system along with the reactive power control has been developed for the proper system operation at different system conditions to reduce the var compensation on the utility grid. Better system accuracy of the developed system model has been found by validating with real system data. The overall system performance has indicated that the effective utilization of reactive power control of a grid-connected PV system yields to a stable, reliable and cost-effective system network operation which reduces the heavy burden on the utility grid to control the PV system effects.
Mohan Lal Kolhe; Mohamed J.M. Ashik Rasul. 3-Phase grid-connected building integrated photovoltaic system with reactive power control capability. Renewable Energy 2020, 154, 1065 -1075.
AMA StyleMohan Lal Kolhe, Mohamed J.M. Ashik Rasul. 3-Phase grid-connected building integrated photovoltaic system with reactive power control capability. Renewable Energy. 2020; 154 ():1065-1075.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohan Lal Kolhe; Mohamed J.M. Ashik Rasul. 2020. "3-Phase grid-connected building integrated photovoltaic system with reactive power control capability." Renewable Energy 154, no. : 1065-1075.
Akash Talwariya; Pushpendra Singh; Mohan Lal Kolhe; Jalpa H. Jobanputra. Fuzzy logic controller and game theory based distributed energy resources allocation. AIMS Energy 2020, 8, 474 -492.
AMA StyleAkash Talwariya, Pushpendra Singh, Mohan Lal Kolhe, Jalpa H. Jobanputra. Fuzzy logic controller and game theory based distributed energy resources allocation. AIMS Energy. 2020; 8 (3):474-492.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAkash Talwariya; Pushpendra Singh; Mohan Lal Kolhe; Jalpa H. Jobanputra. 2020. "Fuzzy logic controller and game theory based distributed energy resources allocation." AIMS Energy 8, no. 3: 474-492.
Mohan Lal Kolhe. Editorial to the ‘Special Issue—Solar Photovoltaic System Engineering’ of AIMS Energy. AIMS Energy 2020, 8, 525 -526.
AMA StyleMohan Lal Kolhe. Editorial to the ‘Special Issue—Solar Photovoltaic System Engineering’ of AIMS Energy. AIMS Energy. 2020; 8 (3):525-526.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohan Lal Kolhe. 2020. "Editorial to the ‘Special Issue—Solar Photovoltaic System Engineering’ of AIMS Energy." AIMS Energy 8, no. 3: 525-526.
Generation of hydrogen using electrolysis process with integrated renewable energy sources is highly important especially in environmental aspects. In this paper, we demonstrate that the enhancement of electrolysis performance of alkaline electrolysis stacks by diminishing the distance between electrodes, while changing the properties of the Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA). Prior to that, the performances of mono-polar and bi-polar configurations of alkaline electrolysis stack are compared through 3-D modelling and experimental fabrication. At first, two different single cell alkaline electrolysers are designed using SolidWorks as a design software and the designed cell has been fabricated using an in-house 3D printer, to avoid post machining processes. Thereafter, the best performing cell is selected by considering the performance of both designs through different experiments. Finally, the performance of the selected cell is enhanced by changing the distance between electrodes and properties of MEA. Thus, the best performing cell has been selected for the fabrication process of mono-polar and bi-polar electrolysis stacks. At last, both mono-polar and bi-polar configurations of alkaline electrolysis stacks are designed and implemented to compare the electrolysis performance of both configurations by maintaining minimum electrode distance. The results imply that the electrolysis performance of the cell can be enhanced by reducing the distance between electrodes, and the designed bi-polar stack has a better performance in terms of the efficiency, power and flow rates than the mono-polar equivalent.
Y. Sanath K. De Silva; Peter Hugh Middleton; Mohan Lal Kolhe. Performance comparison of mono-polar and bi-polar configurations of alkaline electrolysis stack through 3-D modelling and experimental fabrication. Renewable Energy 2019, 149, 760 -772.
AMA StyleY. Sanath K. De Silva, Peter Hugh Middleton, Mohan Lal Kolhe. Performance comparison of mono-polar and bi-polar configurations of alkaline electrolysis stack through 3-D modelling and experimental fabrication. Renewable Energy. 2019; 149 ():760-772.
Chicago/Turabian StyleY. Sanath K. De Silva; Peter Hugh Middleton; Mohan Lal Kolhe. 2019. "Performance comparison of mono-polar and bi-polar configurations of alkaline electrolysis stack through 3-D modelling and experimental fabrication." Renewable Energy 149, no. : 760-772.
A building integrated photovoltaic (PV) system with energy storage within an institution may need appropriate coordination among distributed energy sources (DERs). It is required to have an appropriate energy management strategy to improve system performance as well as to operate it as a micro-grid during the grid outage condition. In this paper, TERI’s (India) Retreat Facility’s energy system has been used, and its performance with a distributed generator has been assessed with operational strategies for fulfilling the institutional load demand in coordination with the PV, grid and battery storage; and with possibility of operating it as a micro-grid during the grid outage period too. The energy management techniques have been proposed for minimizing the energy cost of locally generated electricity with maximization of PV contribution and battery energy throughput to meet the institutional load demand. It has been observed that the effective coordination of DERs with the battery energy storage can contribute in fulfilling the institutional essential load, and to supply the total load during the grid outage conditions. The presented results are going to be useful for techno-economic analysis of sustainable energy systems for minimizing the energy cost and to operate it as a micro-grid.
Arvind Sharma; Mohan Kolhe; K.M.S.Y. Konara; Nils Ulltveit-Moe; Kapil Muddineni; Ashwini Mudgal; Shirish Garud. Performance assessment of institutional photovoltaic based energy system for operating as a micro-grid. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 2019, 37, 100563 .
AMA StyleArvind Sharma, Mohan Kolhe, K.M.S.Y. Konara, Nils Ulltveit-Moe, Kapil Muddineni, Ashwini Mudgal, Shirish Garud. Performance assessment of institutional photovoltaic based energy system for operating as a micro-grid. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments. 2019; 37 ():100563.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArvind Sharma; Mohan Kolhe; K.M.S.Y. Konara; Nils Ulltveit-Moe; Kapil Muddineni; Ashwini Mudgal; Shirish Garud. 2019. "Performance assessment of institutional photovoltaic based energy system for operating as a micro-grid." Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 37, no. : 100563.
Most of the grid disturbances happen due to the presence of faults and power swing. This article focuses on power swing in view of the amount of penetration of renewable energy resources especially the wind farms. There are two sections. First section approached power swing by deriving a mathematical expression which would be able to track the locus of impedance in time domain and subsequently analyze resistance and reactance simultaneously with respect to time. It used a grid comprising of generator, transmission line and load. The derived expression was compared with a power swing generated using RTDS model and the results were analyzed in R-X plane. Second section analyses the impedance during power swing with respect to penetration of renewable energy resource (wind farms). A wind farm was added in steps to the grid. Results indicated that the derived expressions from first section were in agreement with simulated power swing using RTDS. The larger penetration of wind farms into the grid used in second section created limitations during power swing indicating threat to system at marginal stability conditions. Usage of dynamic impedance plots (R-X-t space) gave better insight on the instantaneous movement of resistance and reactance.
Aldrich Zeno; Jordan Rel Orillaza; Mohan Lal Kolhe. Analysing the effects of power swing on wind farms using instantaneous impedances. Renewable Energy 2019, 147, 1432 -1452.
AMA StyleAldrich Zeno, Jordan Rel Orillaza, Mohan Lal Kolhe. Analysing the effects of power swing on wind farms using instantaneous impedances. Renewable Energy. 2019; 147 ():1432-1452.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAldrich Zeno; Jordan Rel Orillaza; Mohan Lal Kolhe. 2019. "Analysing the effects of power swing on wind farms using instantaneous impedances." Renewable Energy 147, no. : 1432-1452.
Grid disturbance is one of the largest areas of concern in the protection of power systems after high penetration of distributive generation. They are responsible for causing mass blackouts. This paper analytically derives the equations for resistances and reactances as a function of time. The derived expressions were validated using real time digital simulator (RTDS) for variation in power factor of system and frequency of the power swing. Results signify that the derived equations were able to provide the locus of instantaneous values of the real time power swing occurring in the system for changes in power factor and swinging frequency. Two dimensional R-X plane and three dimensional R-X-t space plots were also used to study the static and dynamic variations of impedances in time domain. The expressions r(t) and x(t) will be useful in determining the instantaneous short circuit ratios and also for tuning the impedance relays.
A Zeno; J R Orillaza; M L Kolhe. Analytical Modelling of Power Swing and Validation Using Real Time Digital Simulator. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2019, 605, 012010 .
AMA StyleA Zeno, J R Orillaza, M L Kolhe. Analytical Modelling of Power Swing and Validation Using Real Time Digital Simulator. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2019; 605 (1):012010.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA Zeno; J R Orillaza; M L Kolhe. 2019. "Analytical Modelling of Power Swing and Validation Using Real Time Digital Simulator." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 605, no. 1: 012010.
This paper explores the use of electric car roof mounted photovoltaic (PV) powered ventilation for cabin heat management/ventilation. A fully-functional Renault Zoe electric car has been used for performance evaluation of parked electric car ventilation directly powered by PV. This work has been part of a research project of testing electric cars in the urban environment and it has been conducted at the Edinburgh Napier University’s Transport Research Institute. In this work, parked electric car ventilation has been reported, when roof-mounted PV modules were used to operate DC powered fans for ventilation. It has been found that the DC motor-fan selection for removing the hot air from cabin space is of important (i.e. operating characteristics of motor-fan have been very close to the maximum power points locus of the PV modules at different solar insolation). The electric car cabin temperature models with reference to solar radiation have been presented and it will be useful for knowing the parked car cabin temperature variations and designing the car roof mounted PV powered ventilation system. In this paper, performance evaluation of parked electric car’s cabin heat management is presented and analysed. Results from this work will be helpful for designing electric car ventilation system (operating at parking time), when powered by vehicle roof integrated PV modules.
M. Kolhe; S.K. Adhikari; T. Muneer. Parked electric car's cabin heat management using photovoltaic powered ventilation system. Applied Energy 2018, 233-234, 403 -411.
AMA StyleM. Kolhe, S.K. Adhikari, T. Muneer. Parked electric car's cabin heat management using photovoltaic powered ventilation system. Applied Energy. 2018; 233-234 ():403-411.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Kolhe; S.K. Adhikari; T. Muneer. 2018. "Parked electric car's cabin heat management using photovoltaic powered ventilation system." Applied Energy 233-234, no. : 403-411.
A unique high efficiency photovoltaic (PV) system is presented. It uses partial sine wave tracking for a pulse-width modulation (PWM) boost converter as well as a full-bridge inverter. The boost converter and full-bridge inverter are connected via a compact intermediate film capacitor (i.e. non-smoothing DC link stage). PWM switching is activated by a dual mode control technique. In the proposed topology, simultaneous switching of both power conversion stages is avoided and therefore this increases the power conversion efficiency. The distinctive operating principles of these two power processing stages are discussed and analyzed with the experimental results for single-phase loading of the PV system.
Koki Ogura; Mohan Lal Kolhe; Mutsuo Nakaoka. Partial sine wave tracking dual mode control topology for a single-phase transformerless photovoltaic system. Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2018, 6, 1338 -1343.
AMA StyleKoki Ogura, Mohan Lal Kolhe, Mutsuo Nakaoka. Partial sine wave tracking dual mode control topology for a single-phase transformerless photovoltaic system. Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy. 2018; 6 (6):1338-1343.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKoki Ogura; Mohan Lal Kolhe; Mutsuo Nakaoka. 2018. "Partial sine wave tracking dual mode control topology for a single-phase transformerless photovoltaic system." Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 6, no. 6: 1338-1343.