To study the optimal plant row configuration of the multiple cropping of soybeans that are suitable for planting in southern Xinjiang, a field experiment using soybean variety SN35 was carried out employing different plant row designs. Three row spacing treatments of 15 cm (H1), 30 cm (H2), and 45 cm (H3) and three density treatments of 52.56 million (M1), 55 million (M2), and 60 million (M3) plants per hectare were set up in this experiment to explore the effects of different plant row spacing configurations on agronomic traits, photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter accumulation, and the soybean yield of the multiple cropping of soybeans. The results showed that the soybeans’ plant height, diameter, main stem node number, leaf shape index, leaf area index (LAI), leaf area duration (LAD), and pod dry matter distribution ratio increased gradually with the growth process. In contrast, the stem dry matter distribution ratio decreased gradually, and the leaf dry matter distribution ratio first increased and then decreased. The plant height of the soybeans treated with H2M3 was the highest, reaching 67.38 cm. The number of primary stem nodes of the soybeans treated with H1M3 was the highest, reaching 12.7 nodes. The stem diameter of the soybeans treated with H1M1 was the highest, reaching 0.64 cm. The leaf shape index of the soybeans treated with H3M1 was the highest, reaching 2.72. Intercellular CO₂ concentration closely affects the final yield; the correlation coefficients with the pod number per plant, seed number per plant, and yield reached 0.75, 0.78, and 0.87, respectively. The theoretical maximum hundred-grain weights under the H1M1 and H2M1 treatments were higher, reaching 20.33 g and 17.98 g, respectively. The H3M3 treatment had the most significant one-hundred-grain weight, reaching 21.27 g. The soybean yield of each density treatment was M3 > M1 > M2. With the increase in row spacing, the average pod number per plant, grain number per plant, grain weight per plant, and yield of soybeans decreased gradually, and the hundred-grain weight increased gradually. The yield of the density treatment with 60 million plants per hectare under 15 cm row spacing was the highest, reaching 6155.8 kg·hm⁻², followed by the density treatment with 60 million plants per hectare under 30 cm row spacing, reaching 5850.6 kg·hm⁻².

Junggar Basin is rich in hydrocarbon resources. After decades of exploration, numerous hydrocarbon resources have been found in Junggar Basin, among them, the reserve of heavy oil dominated above one-second of the total amount of heavy oil resources in China. In the world, heavy oil is a hot and difficult point for scholars to study, and the research on the origin of heavy oil is the basis of exploration and development. Heavy oil resource abundance in Junggar Basin, but the inherent laws and chemical molecular characteristics of crude oil are diverse in different regions. The origin and understanding of heavy oil in Pingdiquan Formation of Permian system in the eastern of Junggar Basin are not clear, which severely strain further prospecting and planning. In view of the understanding of inherent laws of heavy oil, combined with its carbon isotope and saturated hydrocarbon chromatography, this paper comprehensively analyzed the origin, source and accumulation pattern of heavy oil in Pingdiquan Formation of Permian. The results show that Pr/Ph of heavy oil is between 1.08 and 1.6 in this area. Its carbon isotope distribution ranges from −30.1‰ to −34.6‰. Sterane maturity parameter C₂₉ββ/(αα+ββ) ranges from 0.24 to 0.41. Heavy oil in this area should be the product of source rock of Pingdiquan Formation of Permian. The maturity of crude oil in Huobei area is basically the same as the evolution of its source rocks, which should provide hydrocarbons for in-situ source rocks. Low density crude oil of mature stage exists in the Huoshaoshan area, which indicates that there are many stages of crude oil mixing in this area.

The NMR of the Trinity reservoir indicate that changes in crude oil compositions result in differences in NMR characteristics. On this basis, the chemical properties of crude oil are analyzed, and two criteria affecting the NMR characteristics of crude oil with different physical properties are presented. The research shows that the chromatographic characteristics of crude oils with different maturity and biodegradability correspond well with NMR characteristics. Lateral relaxation time of heavy oil at low maturity stage and experiencing strong biodegradability is shortened. Two parameters, maturity index and biodegradation level, can be reliably applied to the evaluation and production of heavy oil reservoir.

The study of mixed natural gas can clarify the specific sources of natural gas accumulation and provide the basis for the exploitation of natural gas resources. Analysis of gas compositions and carbon isotopic ratios of different components of mixed natural gas shows that the carbon isotopic fractionation of methane and ethane from different sources has a small difference after mixing. This conclusion is derived from the experimental data in Table 1, 0.88 is the average of all Ro values. Well DN8 and DN9 produced light oil with a density between 0.75 and 0.82 g/cm³ and viscosity between 1.63 and 3.3 MPa. Generally, in the high maturity stage of organic matter, the carbon isotopic fractionation values of methane and ethane of natural gas from a single source should display a difference of at least 4.0% to 5.0%. The δ¹³C value of methane and ethane in well DN8 are only 1.6%. It is considered that the mixing of natural gas from different sources causes this phenomenon.