No design rules have yet been established for producing solid electrolytes with a lithium-ion conductivity high enough to replace liquid electrolytes and expand the performance and battery configuration limits of current lithium ion batteries. Taking advantage of the properties of high-entropy materials, we have designed a highly ion-conductive solid electrolyte by increasing the compositional complexity of a known lithium superionic conductor to eliminate ion migration barriers while maintaining the structural framework for superionic conduction. The synthesized phase with a compositional complexity showed an improved ion conductivity. We showed that the highly conductive solid electrolyte enables charge and discharge of a thick lithium-ion battery cathode at room temperature and thus has potential to change conventional battery configurations.

Rechargeable lithium batteries and beyond: Progress, challenges, and future directions - Volume 39 Issue 5 - Khalil Amine, Ryoji Kanno, Yonhua Tzeng

Transporting the hydrogen anion: Hydrogen cation (H ⁺ ) transport is common in both biological systems and engineered ones such as fuel cells. In contrast, the transport of hydrogen anions (H ⁻ ) is far less common and is usually coupled with or compromised by the parallel transport of electrons. Kobayashi et al. examined the transport of H ⁻ in a series of rare-earth lithium oxyhydrides (see the Perspective by Yamaguchi). They prevented electronic conduction by using Li ⁺ as a countercation. In an electrochemical cell, the oxyhydride material acted as a solid-state electrolyte for H ⁻ , which suggests an alternative avenue for developing energy storage devices. Science , this issue p. 1314 ; see also p. 1262

A solid solution of the lithium superionic conductor Li_10+δGe_1+δP_2−δS₁₂ (0 ≤ δ ≤ 0.35) was synthesized and its structure and ionic conductivity were examined. The highest ionic conductivity value of 1.42 × 10⁻² S cm⁻¹ was obtained at 300 K with a sintered pellet of the sample having the highest solid solution lithium content of δ = 0.35. The Arrhenius conductivity curves obtained for this material exhibited a gradual change in slope over the temperature range of 193–373 K and the activation energy for ionic conduction decreased from 26 kJ mol⁻¹ below 373 K to 7 kJ mol⁻¹ above 573 K, which is typical of highly ionic conducting solids. The crystal structures of the solid solutions were determined using neutron diffraction, and conduction pathways were visualized through analysis by applying the maximum entropy method. The lithium distribution was found to disperse significantly throughout a one-dimensional conduction pathway as the temperature was increased from 4.8 K to 750 K. In addition, two-dimensional distribution of lithium along the ab plane became apparent at high temperatures, suggesting that the conduction mechanism changes from one-dimensional to three-dimensional with increasing temperature.