This work presents a comparison of two-dimensional numerical solutions of unsteady free surface flow. This is a simulation of the dam-break wave with different configurations using based-mesh finite volume method and meshless smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). Two well-known approaches, widely used in the computational fluid dynamics (CFD). These techniques have proven their robustness in the numerical treatment of such conservation laws. The main goal is to check the ability of the SPH method and the first order finite volume HLLC solver to reproduce the numerical solutions of the 2D shallow water equations. Based on many benchmark tests, one investigates the effect of the topographic variation along the x and y directions on behavior of the numerical solutions namely at the wet-dry front. The comparison between the simulated results, the analytical solutions and the experimental measurements shows a good correlation, although the finite volume approach remains more advantageous in terms of accuracy and the CPU time.

Hydrodynamic modelling is used to analyse the inundation behaviour of Sidi Bel Abbes city (North-West of Algeria) during extreme flood events. The study reach, 5.4 km in length, is a section of Wadi Mekerra through Sidi Bel Abbes city. Land and bathymetric surveys were used to create a digital terrain model (DTM) of the river channel and the floodplain. By coupling the geometry with hydrologic data, a two dimensional hydrodynamic model was built. The model is based on integrating Saint-Venant shallow waters (depth averaged) equations through Runge–Kutta discontinuous Galerkin numerical scheme. It was calibrated in terms of roughness coefficients on measured values of water surface elevation and discharge registered in the Sidi Bel Abbes gauging station. The objective is to draw the flood maps under extreme river flood event. The results are helpful for local authorities in order to take the appropriate defence measures in the future.

This study presents a comprehensive numerical simulation and analytical modeling of steady and transient flow in heterogeneously saturated soils. Solving the Richards equation involves challenges due to the nonlinearity between the pressure and the water content. Two constitutive models are used to describe the complex relationships between moisture content, hydraulic head, and hydraulic conductivity namely, Gardner model and Van Genuchten-Mualem model. Through detailed simulations, four configurations are investigated, including the capillary barrier effect, bi-layered soil dynamics in paddy fields, and infiltration in multi-layered soil in both saturated and unsaturated steady-state regimes. The comparison between numerical results and the established analytical model shows a good agreement. It underscores the usefulness of the model to reproduce saturated and unsaturated seepage flow in bi-layered and multi-layered soils. Moreover, it captures the dynamic interactions between infiltration and evaporation during the transient phase. These findings offer insights for water resource management, land subsidence mitigation, and environmental sustainability.

The main objective of this work is to select the most reliable machine learning model to predict the generated solid flow in the Tafna basin (North-West of Algeria). It is about the Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). The sediment load is recorded through three...

The rainfall–runoff relationship was studied in the Wadi El Kebir watershed, located in Northeastern Algeria, using TOPMODEL (topography based hydrological model). This is a geomorphological and semi-distributed model which is used to predict the hydrological behaviour of watersheds and to calculate the water storage deficit of an aquifer in any location. It uses topographic information of the watershed to predict the extent of contributing areas in the production of runoff. TOPMODEL was applied with event-based rainfall–runoff modeling where 13 hourly rainfall series were used to predict the discharge at the basin outlet. A digital elevation model (DEM) was also used to define the contours of the basin and to map out the drainage directions and the topographic index. TOPMODEL was calibrated and validated using the measured discharges and various objective functions such as Nash (Nash-Sutcliffe) and coefficient of determination (R2). The TOPMODEL results showed a high-performance level. Indeed, after the calibration and validation procedure, the performance of the model oscillates between satisfactory and very good. For the calibration, Nash varied between 0.59 and 0.91, and R2 between 0.66 and 0.91. However, the values of these criteria coefficients were slightly reduced during the validation phase, Nash (0.53 to 0.84) and R2 (0.59 to 0.87). Also, the proposed model shows the weak contribution of groundwater flows in the hydrological response of the study area.