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Leszek Butowski
Faculty of Geographical Sciences, University of Lodz, 88 Narutowicza street, 90-139 Lodz, Poland

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Short Biography

Leszek Butowski (PhD), ORCID: https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-5885-7467 associate professor at the University of Lodz (Poland), Institute of Urban Geography, Tourism Studies and Geoinformation. Research interests: Philosophy of science, methodology of social sciences, tourism research and human geography, sustainable development and tourism, maritime and sailing tourism.

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Journal article
Published: 08 February 2021 in Sustainability
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The aim of this paper is to present an alternative approach to sustainable tourism-derived from the human-centered angle. In line with this assumption, when considering the principles of sustainable tourism, the opinions of all groups of tourism actors, including host communities, tourists and tourism businesses should be taken into account equally with other factors, not merely as one of many decision makers, but as the main frame of reference. The research methodology is twofold. As regards the theoretical foundation, the model approach has been applied to conceptualize the intra-generational and inter-generational perspectives upon tourism sustainability. Consequently, the former is concerned with the problem of internal sustainability connected with the advantages achieved and disadvantages borne by tourism actors. The inter-generational perspective, on the other hand, is related to the problem of long-term tourism development under conditions of internal sustainability. In the empirical part of the research, the model was applied in a survey carried out in seven chosen areas in Poland. To this end, a set of auxiliary tools (an adopted Likert scale and a working matrix) was developed and positively tested in real-life conditions. The novelty of the study as a whole consists in the fact that it postulates taking into consideration the ‘human-centered perspective’ related to all groups of tourism actors, including who are not directly involved in tourism activity.

ACS Style

Leszek Butowski. Sustainable Tourism: A Human-Centered Approach. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1835 .

AMA Style

Leszek Butowski. Sustainable Tourism: A Human-Centered Approach. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):1835.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Leszek Butowski. 2021. "Sustainable Tourism: A Human-Centered Approach." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 1835.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2018 in Moravian Geographical Reports
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As a subject of scientific investigation, evaluations of the attractiveness of tourist destinations have had a relatively long history, particularly among geographers and regional economists. Based on mathematical and psychological principles and using methods that combine the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE) approach, this research project constructs an evaluation structure used for the assessment of European coastal and offshore areas for sailing tourism. A case study with a three-level evaluation structure has been defined and tested. It contains: at the top of the hierarchy an overall objective defined as the attractiveness of the European coastal and offshore areas for sailing tourism; six criteria of evaluation (on the second level); and ten coastal areas (at the bottom level). This structure covers almost all the coasts around Europe, as they were the subjects of evaluation and comparison. The evaluation was carried out by a group of experts who made the assessment taking into account previously determined criteria with weights. The findings indicate that the AHP-PROMETHEE method may be a useful tool to evaluate the attractiveness of different destinations. It can be also used for practical purposes, particularly to determine strengths and weaknesses, as well as the competitive position, of given coastal areas in relation to others.

ACS Style

Leszek Butowski. An integrated AHP and PROMETHEE approach to the evaluation of the attractiveness of European maritime areas for sailing tourism. Moravian Geographical Reports 2018, 26, 135 -148.

AMA Style

Leszek Butowski. An integrated AHP and PROMETHEE approach to the evaluation of the attractiveness of European maritime areas for sailing tourism. Moravian Geographical Reports. 2018; 26 (2):135-148.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Leszek Butowski. 2018. "An integrated AHP and PROMETHEE approach to the evaluation of the attractiveness of European maritime areas for sailing tourism." Moravian Geographical Reports 26, no. 2: 135-148.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2018 in Geografie
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The traditional understanding of geographical space as a given place seems to be insufficient nowadays. It should be analyzed in a wider context of social, cultural, economic and environmental aspects and even psychological and emotional factors should be considered. It means that tourism space/destination, which has mostly been treated as a geographical domain, should also be studied as a set of similar factors. In this respect, any tourism space/destination is characterized by complexity and multi-dimensionality, which generate an ontological question concerning its nature. Taking these considerations into account, a research problem related to the essence of tourism space/destination as well as the possibility of its development has been formulated. The problem is followed by the hypothesis that the development of tourism space/destination is measured by the achievement of the state of tourism sustainability. In the empirical part, a method to assess the development of tourism space/destination has been proposed.

ACS Style

Leszek Butowski; Marzena Makowska-Iskierka; Wojciech Pokojski. Tourism space versus tourism destination: methodological considerations and empirical testing of their development. Geografie 2018, 123, 85 -106.

AMA Style

Leszek Butowski, Marzena Makowska-Iskierka, Wojciech Pokojski. Tourism space versus tourism destination: methodological considerations and empirical testing of their development. Geografie. 2018; 123 (1):85-106.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Leszek Butowski; Marzena Makowska-Iskierka; Wojciech Pokojski. 2018. "Tourism space versus tourism destination: methodological considerations and empirical testing of their development." Geografie 123, no. 1: 85-106.

Journal article
Published: 08 July 2017 in Current Issues in Tourism
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ACS Style

Leszek Butowski. Tourist sustainability of destination as a measure of its development. Current Issues in Tourism 2017, 22, 1 -19.

AMA Style

Leszek Butowski. Tourist sustainability of destination as a measure of its development. Current Issues in Tourism. 2017; 22 (9):1-19.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Leszek Butowski. 2017. "Tourist sustainability of destination as a measure of its development." Current Issues in Tourism 22, no. 9: 1-19.

Journal article
Published: 04 October 2016 in Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change
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ACS Style

Leszek Butowski. Tourism as a discipline in light of the non-classical sociology of science. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change 2016, 16, 1 -19.

AMA Style

Leszek Butowski. Tourism as a discipline in light of the non-classical sociology of science. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change. 2016; 16 (4):1-19.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Leszek Butowski. 2016. "Tourism as a discipline in light of the non-classical sociology of science." Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change 16, no. 4: 1-19.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2016 in Téoros: Revue de recherche en tourisme
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This paper is devoted to the developments concerning the issue of disciplinarity and non-disciplinarity of tourism studies. The topic is embedded in a wider context of the academic identity of the community of tourism researchers. As the theoretical foundations for the discussion some concepts of non-classical sociology of science (rooted in Thomas Kuhn’s theory of development of science and ideas of the “Strong Programme”) were used. In order to analyze the problem theoretically and empirically, a three-stage research framework was adopted, commencing with a directed review of Anglo-American and Francophone literature, followed by a survey of a purposeful sample of tourism academics and concluding with a further analysis of the literature, this time confronting empirical findings with the identified scholars’ stances. The empirical research included a survey carried out among approximately 270 scholars of tourism from almost 50 countries from all the continents.

ACS Style

Leszek Butowski. The Issue of Disciplinarity and Non-disciplinarity of Tourism Studies. Téoros: Revue de recherche en tourisme 2016, 35, 1 .

AMA Style

Leszek Butowski. The Issue of Disciplinarity and Non-disciplinarity of Tourism Studies. Téoros: Revue de recherche en tourisme. 2016; 35 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Leszek Butowski. 2016. "The Issue of Disciplinarity and Non-disciplinarity of Tourism Studies." Téoros: Revue de recherche en tourisme 35, no. 1: 1.

Book chapter
Published: 01 January 2015 in Badania nad turystyką. Jeden cel, różne podejścia, Warsztaty z Geografii Turyzmu, tom 6
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ACS Style

Leszek Butowski. Turystyka jako dyscyplina naukowa – dylematy teoretyczne versus rzeczywistość empiryczna. Badania nad turystyką. Jeden cel, różne podejścia, Warsztaty z Geografii Turyzmu, tom 6 2015, 1 .

AMA Style

Leszek Butowski. Turystyka jako dyscyplina naukowa – dylematy teoretyczne versus rzeczywistość empiryczna. Badania nad turystyką. Jeden cel, różne podejścia, Warsztaty z Geografii Turyzmu, tom 6. 2015; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Leszek Butowski. 2015. "Turystyka jako dyscyplina naukowa – dylematy teoretyczne versus rzeczywistość empiryczna." Badania nad turystyką. Jeden cel, różne podejścia, Warsztaty z Geografii Turyzmu, tom 6 , no. : 1.