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This study focused on the genomic differences between the Czechoslovakian wolfdog (CWD) and its ancestors, the Grey wolf (GW) and German Shepherd dog. The Saarloos wolfdog and Belgian Shepherd dog were also included to study the level of GW genetics retained in the genome of domesticated breeds. The dataset consisted of 131 animals and 143,593 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The effects of demographic history on the overall genome structure were determined by screening the distribution of the homozygous segments. The genetic variance distributed within and between groups was quantified by genetic distances, the FST index, and discriminant analysis of principal components. Fine-scale population stratification due to specific morphological and behavioural traits was assessed by principal component and factorial analyses. In the CWD, a demographic history effect was manifested mainly in a high genome-wide proportion of short homozygous segments corresponding to a historical load of inbreeding derived from founders. The observed proportion of long homozygous segments indicated that the inbreeding events shaped the CWD genome relatively recently compared to other groups. Even if there was a significant increase in genetic similarity among wolf-like breeds, they were genetically separated from each other. Moreover, this study showed that the CWD genome carries private alleles that are not found in either wolves or other dog breeds analysed in this study.
Nina Moravčíková; Radovan Kasarda; Radoslav Židek; Luboš Vostrý; Hana Vostrá-Vydrová; Jakub Vašek; Daniela Čílová. Czechoslovakian Wolfdog Genomic Divergence from Its Ancestors Canis lupus, German Shepherd Dog, and Different Sheepdogs of European Origin. Genes 2021, 12, 832 .
AMA StyleNina Moravčíková, Radovan Kasarda, Radoslav Židek, Luboš Vostrý, Hana Vostrá-Vydrová, Jakub Vašek, Daniela Čílová. Czechoslovakian Wolfdog Genomic Divergence from Its Ancestors Canis lupus, German Shepherd Dog, and Different Sheepdogs of European Origin. Genes. 2021; 12 (6):832.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNina Moravčíková; Radovan Kasarda; Radoslav Židek; Luboš Vostrý; Hana Vostrá-Vydrová; Jakub Vašek; Daniela Čílová. 2021. "Czechoslovakian Wolfdog Genomic Divergence from Its Ancestors Canis lupus, German Shepherd Dog, and Different Sheepdogs of European Origin." Genes 12, no. 6: 832.
This study aimed to assess the level of biodiversity in selected local cattle populations as important food resources in Slovakia. The biodiversity level was derived from the genome-wide data collected for dairy (Jersey), dual-purpose (Slovak Pinzgau, Slovak Spotted), and beef breeds (Charolais, Limousine). The commonly used indices, genomic inbreeding (FROH, FGRM, FHOM, FUNI) and effective population size (NeLD), were used to quantify the impact of relatives mating on the genome of analysed populations. Even if the low NeLD estimates signalise significant loss of genetic variability within populations, the genomic inbreeding under 1% (except Jersey) showed that the intensity of diversity loss is not so rapid and can be managed by the re-arrangement of long-term breeding strategies. The analysis of genetic differentiation degree across populations assumed that the specialisation of breeds during their grading-up led to the specific nucleotide changes, especially in genes responsible for preferred phenotypic traits. The breed-specific differences observed mainly in the genome of Charolais (carcass traits) and Jersey (milk production traits) populations resulted from the polymorphisms in CAPN1 (μ-calpain) and CSN1S2 (casein alpha s2) genes, respectively. Obtained results confirmed that the specific haplotypes are strongly associated with the genetic nature of breed depending on production type.
Radovan Kasarda; Luboš Vostrý; Hana Vostrá-Vydrová; Kristína Candráková; Nina Moravčíková. Food Resources Biodiversity: The Case of Local Cattle in Slovakia. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1296 .
AMA StyleRadovan Kasarda, Luboš Vostrý, Hana Vostrá-Vydrová, Kristína Candráková, Nina Moravčíková. Food Resources Biodiversity: The Case of Local Cattle in Slovakia. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1296.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRadovan Kasarda; Luboš Vostrý; Hana Vostrá-Vydrová; Kristína Candráková; Nina Moravčíková. 2021. "Food Resources Biodiversity: The Case of Local Cattle in Slovakia." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1296.