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Plant symbiosis with N 2 -fixing bacteria is key to sustainable, low-input agriculture. While there are ongoing projects aiming to increase yield of cereals using plant genetics and host-microbiota interaction engineering, the biggest potential lies in legume plants.
Danteswari Chalasani; Anirban Basu; Sarma V. S. R. N. Pullabhotla; Beatriz Jorrin; Andrew L. Neal; Philip S. Poole; Appa Rao Podile; Andrzej Tkacz. Poor Competitiveness of Bradyrhizobium in Pigeon Pea Root Colonization in Indian Soils. mBio 2021, e0042321 .
AMA StyleDanteswari Chalasani, Anirban Basu, Sarma V. S. R. N. Pullabhotla, Beatriz Jorrin, Andrew L. Neal, Philip S. Poole, Appa Rao Podile, Andrzej Tkacz. Poor Competitiveness of Bradyrhizobium in Pigeon Pea Root Colonization in Indian Soils. mBio. 2021; ():e0042321.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDanteswari Chalasani; Anirban Basu; Sarma V. S. R. N. Pullabhotla; Beatriz Jorrin; Andrew L. Neal; Philip S. Poole; Appa Rao Podile; Andrzej Tkacz. 2021. "Poor Competitiveness of Bradyrhizobium in Pigeon Pea Root Colonization in Indian Soils." mBio , no. : e0042321.
The quest for enhancing agricultural yields due to increased pressure on food production has inevitably led to the indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers and other agrochemicals. Biofertilizers are emerging as a suitable alternative to counteract the adverse environmental impacts exerted by synthetic agrochemicals. Biofertilizers facilitate the overall growth and yield of crops in an eco-friendly manner. They contain living or dormant microbes, which are applied to the soil or used for treating crop seeds. One of the foremost candidates in this respect is rhizobacteria. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are an important cluster of beneficial, root-colonizing bacteria thriving in the plant rhizosphere and bulk soil. They exhibit synergistic and antagonistic interactions with the soil microbiota and engage in an array of activities of ecological significance. They promote plant growth by facilitating biotic and abiotic stress tolerance and support the nutrition of host plants. Due to their active growth endorsing activities, PGPRs are considered an eco-friendly alternative to hazardous chemical fertilizers. The use of PGPRs as biofertilizers is a biological approach toward the sustainable intensification of agriculture. However, their application for increasing agricultural yields has several pros and cons. Application of potential biofertilizers that perform well in the laboratory and greenhouse conditions often fails to deliver the expected effects on plant development in field settings. Here we review the different types of PGPR-based biofertilizers, discuss the challenges faced in the widespread adoption of biofertilizers, and deliberate the prospects of using biofertilizers to promote sustainable agriculture.
Anirban Basu; Priyanka Prasad; Subha Das; Sadaf Kalam; R. Sayyed; M. Reddy; Hesham El Enshasy. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) as Green Bioinoculants: Recent Developments, Constraints, and Prospects. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1140 .
AMA StyleAnirban Basu, Priyanka Prasad, Subha Das, Sadaf Kalam, R. Sayyed, M. Reddy, Hesham El Enshasy. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) as Green Bioinoculants: Recent Developments, Constraints, and Prospects. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1140.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnirban Basu; Priyanka Prasad; Subha Das; Sadaf Kalam; R. Sayyed; M. Reddy; Hesham El Enshasy. 2021. "Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) as Green Bioinoculants: Recent Developments, Constraints, and Prospects." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1140.
Acidobacteria represents an underrepresented soil bacterial phylum whose members are pervasive and copiously distributed across nearly all ecosystems. Acidobacterial sequences are abundant in soils and represent a significant fraction of soil microbial community. Being recalcitrant and difficult-to-cultivate under laboratory conditions, holistic, polyphasic approaches are required to study these refractive bacteria extensively. Acidobacteria possesses an inventory of genes involved in diverse metabolic pathways, as evidenced by their pan-genomic profiles. Because of their preponderance and ubiquity in the soil, speculations have been made regarding their dynamic roles in vital ecological processes viz., regulation of biogeochemical cycles, decomposition of biopolymers, exopolysaccharide secretion, and plant growth promotion. These bacteria are expected to have genes that might help in survival and competitive colonization in the rhizosphere, leading to the establishment of beneficial relationships with plants. Exploration of these genetic attributes and more in-depth insights into the belowground mechanics and dynamics would lead to a better understanding of the functions and ecological significance of this enigmatic phylum in the soil-plant environment. This review is an effort to provide a recent update into the diversity of genes in Acidobacteria useful for characterization, understanding ecological roles, and future biotechnological perspectives.
Sadaf Kalam; Anirban Basu; Iqbal Ahmad; R. Z. Sayyed; Hesham Ali El-Enshasy; Daniel Joe Dailin; Ni Luh Suriani. Recent Understanding of Soil Acidobacteria and Their Ecological Significance: A Critical Review. Frontiers in Microbiology 2020, 11, 580024 .
AMA StyleSadaf Kalam, Anirban Basu, Iqbal Ahmad, R. Z. Sayyed, Hesham Ali El-Enshasy, Daniel Joe Dailin, Ni Luh Suriani. Recent Understanding of Soil Acidobacteria and Their Ecological Significance: A Critical Review. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2020; 11 ():580024.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSadaf Kalam; Anirban Basu; Iqbal Ahmad; R. Z. Sayyed; Hesham Ali El-Enshasy; Daniel Joe Dailin; Ni Luh Suriani. 2020. "Recent Understanding of Soil Acidobacteria and Their Ecological Significance: A Critical Review." Frontiers in Microbiology 11, no. : 580024.
The rhizosphere offers a quintessential habitat for the microbial communities and facilitates a variety of plant-microbe interactions. Members of the genus Bacillus constitute an important group of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), which improve growth and yield of crops. In a total of 60 bacterial isolates from the tomato rhizosphere, 7 isolates were selected based on distinct morphological characteristics and designated as tomato rhizosphere (TRS) isolates with a number suffixed viz., TRS-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, and TRS-8. All the seven isolates were Gram positive, with in vitro plant growth promoting (PGP) traits like phosphate and zinc solubilization, and also produced indoleacetic acid (IAA), phytase, siderophore, hydrogen cyanide (HCN), and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase, besides being antagonistic to other microbes and formed biofilm. The seven isolates belonged to the genus Bacillus as per the 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Phylogenetic tree grouped the isolates into four groups, while BOX-PCR fingerprinting allowed further differentiation of the seven isolates. The PGP activity of the isolates was measured on tomato seedlings in plant tissue culture and greenhouse assays. A significant increase in root colonization was observed over 15 days with all the isolates. Greenhouse experiments with these isolates indicated an overall increase in the growth of tomato plants, over 60 days. Isolates TRS-7 and TRS-8 were best plant growth promoters among the seven isolates, with a potential as inoculants to increase tomato productivity.
Sadaf Kalam; Anirban Basu; Appa Rao Podile. Functional and molecular characterization of plant growth promoting Bacillus isolates from tomato rhizosphere. Heliyon 2020, 6, e04734 .
AMA StyleSadaf Kalam, Anirban Basu, Appa Rao Podile. Functional and molecular characterization of plant growth promoting Bacillus isolates from tomato rhizosphere. Heliyon. 2020; 6 (8):e04734.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSadaf Kalam; Anirban Basu; Appa Rao Podile. 2020. "Functional and molecular characterization of plant growth promoting Bacillus isolates from tomato rhizosphere." Heliyon 6, no. 8: e04734.
The ongoing global crisis due to Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused an enormous socioeconomic burden. A novel coronavirus causing severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) that evolved from a virus infecting bats is responsible for COVID-19, first reported in the Chinese city of Wuhan. In the absence of any specific scientifically proven and clinically tested drug or vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, the virus is wreaking havoc across the world, claiming more than 2,50,000 lives in less than 5 months, and posed a global health emergency. The scientific community is relentlessly working on the design and testing of vaccines and antiviral drugs against the novel coronavirus, several of which have reached advanced stages of testing and are undergoing clinical trials. Here we discuss the recent advances and developments in understanding the etiology and epidemiology of the COVID-19 pandemic, the factors influencing the disease transmission, and the countermeasures adopted to combat and stop further spread of the disease.
Appa Rao Podile; Anirban Basu. Opportunities, Challenges and Directions in Science and Technology for Tackling COVID-19. Transactions of the Indian National Academy of Engineering 2020, 5, 97 -101.
AMA StyleAppa Rao Podile, Anirban Basu. Opportunities, Challenges and Directions in Science and Technology for Tackling COVID-19. Transactions of the Indian National Academy of Engineering. 2020; 5 (2):97-101.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAppa Rao Podile; Anirban Basu. 2020. "Opportunities, Challenges and Directions in Science and Technology for Tackling COVID-19." Transactions of the Indian National Academy of Engineering 5, no. 2: 97-101.
Microorganisms represent fundamental biotechnological resources, involved in an array of important and intricate beneficial and harmful interactions in the environment. They are under the influence of several biotic and abiotic stresses, leading to the formation of biofilms that are heterogeneous microcolonies of microbial (mainly fungi and bacteria) cells encased in an exopolysaccharide (EPS) matrix and separated from other microcolonies by interstitial water channels. The past few decades have been associated with a swift growth of chemical industries that has led to environmental contamination. The pollutants percolate in soil and affect its fertility. Biofilm-forming microorganisms are salvaging representatives of environment that aid in sustaining environment through their clean-up process of bioremediation. Determining the important role of plant root–associated biofilm in bioremediation can be deemed as a novel and highly promising approach for the reclamation of polluted sites and sustainable agriculture. This chapter explores correlations between the triad of plant roots, biofilms, and bioremediation.
Sadaf Kalam; Anirban Basu; Sravani Ankati. Plant Root-Associated Biofilms in Bioremediation. Biofilms in Plant and Soil Health 2017, 337 -355.
AMA StyleSadaf Kalam, Anirban Basu, Sravani Ankati. Plant Root-Associated Biofilms in Bioremediation. Biofilms in Plant and Soil Health. 2017; ():337-355.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSadaf Kalam; Anirban Basu; Sravani Ankati. 2017. "Plant Root-Associated Biofilms in Bioremediation." Biofilms in Plant and Soil Health , no. : 337-355.
Rhizosphere microbial community has diverse metabolic capabilities and plays a crucial role in maintaining plant health. Oligotrophic plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), along with difficult-to-culture microbial fractions, might be involved synergistically in microbe-microbe and plant-microbe interactions in the rhizosphere. Among the difficult-to-culture microbial fractions, Acidobacteria constitutes the most dominant phylum thriving in rhizospheric soils. We selected effective PGPR for tomato and black gram and studied their effect on population densities of acidobacterial members. Three facultatively oligotrophic PGPR were identified through 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Sphingobacterium sp. (P3), Variovorax sp. (P4), and Roseomonas sp. (A2); the latter being a new report of PGPR. In presence of selected PGPR strains, the changes in population densities of Acidobacteria were monitored in metagenomic DNA extracted from bulk and rhizospheric soils of tomato and black gram using real time qPCR. A gradual increase in equivalent cell numbers of Acidobacteria members was observed over time along with a simultaneous increase in plant growth promotion by test PGPR. We report characterization of three effective PGPR strains and their effects on indigenous, underexplored difficult-to-culture phylum-Acidobacteria. We suggest that putative interactions between these two bacterial groups thriving in rhizospheric soils could be beneficial for plant growth.
Sadaf Kalam; Subha Narayan Das; Anirban Basu; Appa Rao Podile. Population densities of indigenousAcidobacteriachange in the presence of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in rhizosphere. Journal of Basic Microbiology 2017, 57, 376 -385.
AMA StyleSadaf Kalam, Subha Narayan Das, Anirban Basu, Appa Rao Podile. Population densities of indigenousAcidobacteriachange in the presence of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in rhizosphere. Journal of Basic Microbiology. 2017; 57 (5):376-385.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSadaf Kalam; Subha Narayan Das; Anirban Basu; Appa Rao Podile. 2017. "Population densities of indigenousAcidobacteriachange in the presence of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in rhizosphere." Journal of Basic Microbiology 57, no. 5: 376-385.