This study describes the long-term clinical outcomes of autologous simple limbal epithelial transplantation (SLET), a relatively new technique of limbal stem cell transplantation. This was a single-center prospective interventional cases series. This study included 125 patients, 65 adults and 60 children who developed unilateral limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) after suffering with ocular surface burns and underwent SLET between 2010 and 2014. A 1-clock hour limbal biopsy sample was obtained from the unaffected eye. At the same sitting, the recipient eye was surgically prepared and the donor tissue was divided into small pieces and transplanted using an amniotic membrane scaffold with fibrin glue. The diagnosis and outcome in every case was validated by 5 independent masked assessors. The primary outcome measure was restoration of a completely epithelized, stable, and avascular corneal surface. The secondary outcome measure was improvement in visual acuity. Complications, risk factors for failure, and immunohistochemistry analysis of corneas that underwent SLET also were described. At a median postoperative follow-up of 1.5 years (range, 1-4 years), 95 of 125 eyes (76%; 95% confidence interval, 68.5%-83.5%) maintained a successful outcome. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a comparable survival probability at 1 year of 80% in adults and 72% in children (P = 0.304). Two-line improvement in visual acuity was seen in 75.2%, and 67% of successful cases attained 20/60 or better vision (P < 0.0001). Progressive conjunctivalization occurred in 18.4% of eyes. The clinical factors associated with failure were identified as acid injury, severe symblepharon, SLET combined with keratoplasty, and postoperative loss of transplants (P ≤ 0.0075). Success rates were comparable among faculty and trainees (P = 0.71). Immunohistochemistry revealed successful regeneration of normal corneal epithelium (CK3(+)/12(+)) without admixture of conjunctiva cells (Muc5AC(-)/CK19(-)) and replenishment of limbal stem cell (ΔNp63α(+)/ABCG2(+)) reserve. Autologous SLET is an effective, reliable and replicable technique for long-lasting corneal regeneration and vision restoration in unilateral chronic ocular surface burns. Simple limbal epithelial transplantation is probably preferable to other techniques of limbal stem cell transplantation, particularly where cell cultivation facilities are unavailable.

Simple limbal epithelial transplantation (SLET) is an innovative limbal stem cell transplantation technique that has gained increasing popularity over the last few years. Different groups from across the world have published the clinical results of SLET in large case series with varying types and severities of limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD). This review attempts to place all the available knowledge on SLET together in one place for the benefit of not only cornea specialists and trainees but also for residents and general ophthalmologists. It follows a balanced approach of blending evidence with experience by providing an objective analysis of published results along with helpful insights from subject experts, starting from preoperative considerations including the role of newer imaging modalities to the technical aspects of the surgery itself and the management of possible complications. Original data and novel insights on allogeneic SLET for bilateral LSCD are included in the review to address the few remaining lacunae in the existing literature on this topic. This review intends to inform, educate, and empower all aspiring and practicing SLET surgeons to optimize their clinical outcomes and to have maximal positive impact on the lives of the individuals affected by unilateral or bilateral chronic LSCD.