Bioimpedance analysis (BIA) has been demanded for the assessment of appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) in clinical and epidemiological settings. This study aimed to validate BIA equations for predicting ASM in the standing and supine positions; externally to cross-validate the new and published and built-in BIA equations for group and individual predictive accuracy; and to assess the overall agreement between the measured and predicted ASM index as sarcopenia diagnosis. In total, 199 healthy older adults completed the measurements of multifrequency BIA (InBody770 and InBodyS10) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Multiple regression analysis was used to validate the new multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (MF-BIA) prediction equations. Each MF-BIA equation in the standing and supine position developed in the entire group included height²/resistance, sex, and reactance as predictors (R² = 92.7% and 92.8%, SEE = 1.02 kg and 1.01 kg ASM for the standing and supine MF-BIA). The new MF-BIA equations had a specificity positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 85% or more except for a sensitivity of about 60.0%. The new standing and supine MF-BIA prediction equation are useful for epidemiological and field settings as well as a clinical diagnosis of sarcopenia. Future research is needed to improve the sensitivity of diagnosis of sarcopenia using MF-BIA.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to develop policy recommendations for creating a healthy food environment around convenience stores which has been recently extending beyond the retail to the food retail and even to the foodservice market in South Korea. Design/methodology/approach: This study was based on case studies of evaluating the nutritional quality of lunch box products sold by the Korean big 3 convenience store brands (CU, GS25 and 7-Eleven) as meal replacements. Samples of all lunch box products sold during October 2016 in Asan city, South Korea were collected for nutritional quality evaluation. Findings: The amount of food items in the “Meats/Fish/Eggs/Legume” food group was 2.4 times the recommended intake, while that in the “Vegetables” food group was even less than one serving size. The most frequent cooking method both for the animal- and plant-based food groups was stir-frying. The average calories fell short of the reference value for men but exceeded it for women. The percentage energy contribution from fats exceeded the reference range. The average amounts of protein, saturated fat, cholesterol and sodium were higher than recommended. Originality/value: This study calls attention to the necessity and importance of establishing a healthy food environment around convenience stores, given the ever-growing reliance on these establishments as a go-to spot for a convenient meal. The results may also provide useful insights for developing countries in Asia, which are being spotlighted as the emerging markets for convenience stores.

This study was designed to provide scientific evidence on the effectiveness of worksite-based dietary intervention to reduce obesity among overweight/obese employees. Electronic search was performed using Ovid Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL databases. The keywords used were "obesity," "nutrition therapy," and "worksite." The internal validity of the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was assessed using the Cochrane's Risk of Bias. Meta-analysis of selected studies was performed using Review Manager 5.3. A total of seven RCTs with 2,854 participants were identified. The effectiveness of dietary interventions was analyzed in terms of changes in weight, body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol, and blood pressure. The results showed that weight decreased with weighted mean difference (WMD) of -4.37 (95% confidence interval (CI): -6.54 to -2.20), but the effectiveness was statistically significant only in short-term programs < 6 months (P = 0.001). BMI also decreased with WMD of -1.26 (95% CI: -1.98 to -0.55), but the effectiveness was statistically significant only in short-term programs < 6 months (P = 0.001). Total cholesterol decreased with WMD of -5.57 (95% CI: -9.07 to -2.07) mg/dL, demonstrating significant effectiveness (P = 0.002). Both systolic (WMD: -4.90 mmHg) and diastolic (WMD: -2.88 mmHg) blood pressure decreased, demonstrating effectiveness, but with no statistical significance. The worksite-based dietary interventions for overweight/obese employees showed modest short-term effects. These interventions can be considered successful because weight loss was below approximately 5-10 kg of the initial body weight, which is the threshold for the management of obesity recommended by the Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network (SIGN).

Child stunting in Indonesia remains a major public health issue, affecting physical and cognitive development. This study examined the impact of maternal factors (sociodemographic characteristics and pregnancy history) and breastfeeding practices on stunting in children aged 6 to 23 months, using data from the 2022 Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey (SSGI) of 87 722 children. Chi-square tests were employed to examine relationships between the study variables and child stunting. Multinomial logistic regression was then used to assess the associations. Key findings highlighted the importance of maternal education, adequate antenatal care, and the prevention of low birth weight in addressing child stunting. Children of mothers with no education had a 50% and 26.4% higher risk of severe and moderate stunting, respectively, than those with tertiary education. Lack of antenatal care was associated with an 82.8% and 16.0% higher risk of severe and moderate stunting, respectively, compared to those with four or more visits. Low birth weight significantly increased the odds of severe and moderate stunting by 242.3% and 125.9%, respectively. Breastfeeding practices, such as early initiation, showed no significant link to stunting. These findings emphasize the need for targeted maternal health interventions to reduce stunting, particularly by improving education, antenatal care, and birth outcomes.