Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are known to be closely related to depression, anxiety and sleep problems. However, it remains unclear whether adolescents with ACEs have sleep problems regardless of depression or anxiety or under a mediating effect from depression or anxiety. Therefore, our aim was to examine whether depression or anxiety mediates the relationship between ACEs and sleep problems in adolescents by using a community sample. The Early Trauma Inventory Self Report–Short Form (ETISR-SF) and List of Threatening Experiences Questionnaire (LTE-Q) were used to assess traumatic ACEs. Ultimately, data from 737 students (M = 448, F = 289, 15.1 ± 1.4 years old) were included in the statistical analysis. A total of 576 (78.1%) participants reported that they had experienced one or more ACEs. Adolescents with ACEs had higher levels of depression, anxiety and sleep problems than did adolescents without ACEs, and boys tended to experience more trauma than girls. Depression and anxiety partially mediated the relationship between ACEs and sleep problems. The results of this study suggest the need for depression and anxiety interventions for adolescents with ACEs to reduce the long-term consequences, including sleep problems and physical health problems.

Haemi Choi, Bora Kim, Insoo Kim, Jae-Gu Kang, Yoonjae Lee, Hyowon Lee, and Min-Hyeon Park. J Korean Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023;34:192-203. https://doi.org/10.5765/jkacap.230044

Background: The 4th Industrial Revolution with the advent of the smart era, in which artificial intelligence, such as big data analysis and machine learning, is expected, and the provision of healthcare services using smartphones has become a reality. In particular, high-risk mothers who experience gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, and prenatal and postpartum depression are highly likely to have adverse effects on the mother and newborn due to the disease. Therefore, continuous observation and intervention in health management are needed to prevent diseases and promote healthy behavior for a healthy life. Methods: This randomized controlled trial will provide mothers 18 years of age or older with health care information collected based on evidence-based literature data using a smartphone app for 6 weeks. About 500 mothers will be selected in consideration of the dropout rate due to the characteristics of mothers. The study group and control group will be computer-generated in a 1:1 ratio through random assignment. The research group will receive health management items through the app, and health management information suitable for the pregnancy cycle is pushed to an alarm. The control group will receive the health management information of the paper. We also followed the procedure for developing mobile apps using the IDEAS framework. Discussion: These results show the effectiveness of smart medical healthcare services and promote changes in health behaviors throughout pregnancy in high-risk mothers. Trial registration: Clinical trial registration information for this study has been registered with WHO ICTRP and CRIS (Korea Clinical Research Information Service, CRIS). Clinical trial registration information is as follows: Study of development of integrated smart health management service for the whole life cycle of high-risk mothers and newborns based on community, KCT0007193. Registered on April 14, 2022, prospectively registered. This protocol version is Version 1.0. April 14, 2022.

Hayeon Kim, Bumhee Park, Shin-Young Kim, Jiyea Kim, Bora Kim, Kyu-In Jung, Seung-Yup Lee, Yerin Hyun, Bung-Nyun Kim, Subin Park, Min-Hyeon Park. Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci 2022;20:621-34. https://doi.org/10.9758/cpn.2022.20.4.621

Objective Psychiatric morbidity patterns and associated outcomes among individuals with borderline intellectual functioning (BIF) remain poorly characterized. This systematic review aims to examine mental health outcomes in BIF populations compared to individuals with normal intellectual functioning and those with intellectual disability (ID).Methods A systematic literature search was conducted across the PubMed, Web of Science, PsycInfo, and ERIC databases from inception to January 2025 using comprehensive search terms for BIF. Studies were included in this analysis if they examined individuals with intelligence quotient (IQ) 71–84 and reported mental health outcomes. Data extraction focused on subjective well-being, psychopathology prevalence, and comparative analyses. Quality assessment utilized the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.Results Forty-five studies encompassing 93,396 individuals with BIF were included. Individuals with BIF demonstrated significantly elevated psychiatric morbidity compared with average IQ populations across multiple domains including anxiety, mood, personality, and neurodevelopmental disorders. Mental health outcomes of BIF individuals typically fell intermediate to those observed in normal IQ and mild ID populations.Conclusion Individuals with BIF represent a vulnerable population with substantially elevated mental health risks, yet remain inadequately differentiated from adjacent cognitive groups. The field requires specialized clinical attention, educational support, and targeted interventions to address their unique mental health challenges and improve outcomes.