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Prof. Dr. Piotr Olszewski
Warsaw University of Technology

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0 Traffic Engineering
0 Traffic Safety
0 Transportation planning and management
0 Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS)
0 Transport and Environment

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Journal article
Published: 21 August 2021 in Sustainability
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The main objective of the study was to verify the effectiveness of active pedestrian crossings equipped with flashing lights activated automatically by detected pedestrians. A pilot study was conducted in two sites, where speed profiles of vehicles over the distance of 30 m before the crossing were analyzed. The study produced promising results in terms of reducing vehicle speeds so the next study investigated four other unsignalized pedestrian crossings. They were video-recorded for 48 h each, before, after and a year after installation. The ANOVA test was used to check the statistical significance of changes in selected indicators. Even after a year from the installation, the effect of the active signage remained significant. The average percentage of drivers yielding to pedestrians was 77.4% higher and the average waiting time 25.2% lower than before the installation. The average speeds of vehicles were 3.53 km/h lower on collector and 2.60 km/h lower on arterial streets. A decline in the probability of a pedestrian being killed or severely injured (KSI) ranged from 6.3 pp (9.4%) on the arterial streets immediately after the installation up to 12.9 pp (31.7%) on the collector streets one year after.

ACS Style

Piotr Szagała; Piotr Olszewski; Witold Czajewski; Paweł Dąbkowski. Active Signage of Pedestrian Crossings as a Tool in Road Safety Management. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9405 .

AMA Style

Piotr Szagała, Piotr Olszewski, Witold Czajewski, Paweł Dąbkowski. Active Signage of Pedestrian Crossings as a Tool in Road Safety Management. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):9405.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piotr Szagała; Piotr Olszewski; Witold Czajewski; Paweł Dąbkowski. 2021. "Active Signage of Pedestrian Crossings as a Tool in Road Safety Management." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 9405.

Journal article
Published: 27 January 2021 in Sustainability
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Not many publications are available on using microsimulation models to analyze the feasibility of implementing the dynamic bus lane (DBL) concept. The paper presents the methodology and calibration process used for DBL modeling. For the selected four sites in Rzeszów (Poland), three options were analyzed: no bus lane, standard exclusive bus lane (XBL), and dynamic bus lane. The analyses were carried out using PTV Vissim software with an additional logic script to control the DBL activation. Simulation model parameters were calibrated using a genetic algorithm. The final assessment of individual options was based on the weighted average travel time for all transport modes. The results show that the dynamic bus lane could bring the same benefits to public transport and cause only a slight increase in travel times in private transport compared to XBL. The XBL solution, depending on the site, led to increasing the average travel time in private transport by 12% to 25%, while the dynamic bus lane increased by 1% to 12%. Weighted average travel time per person is proposed as the overall indicator of efficiency. Preliminary analyses show that the bus volume, bus occupancy, routing, and traffic conditions will affect the efficiency of the new solution.

ACS Style

Mateusz Szarata; Piotr Olszewski; Lesław Bichajło. Simulation Study of Dynamic Bus Lane Concept. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1302 .

AMA Style

Mateusz Szarata, Piotr Olszewski, Lesław Bichajło. Simulation Study of Dynamic Bus Lane Concept. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1302.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mateusz Szarata; Piotr Olszewski; Lesław Bichajło. 2021. "Simulation Study of Dynamic Bus Lane Concept." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1302.

Journal article
Published: 28 February 2020 in Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour
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Although the road safety situation in Poland is generally improving, the number of accidents at pedestrian crossings has not decreased in the last four years. This paper presents the results of the MOBIS research project, the aim of which was to develop surrogate safety indicators, based on detection of pedestrian-vehicle conflicts using video analysis. Pedestrian and vehicle traffic was filmed at two unsignalised pedestrian zebra crossings in Warsaw and Wrocław for over 40 days. Motion trajectories of vehicles and pedestrians were determined based on video processing. Several variables describing pedestrian-vehicle interactions were calculated, such as speed, post-encroachment time, distance between the participants, decelerations, etc. Classification of encounters was based on interactions of pedestrians and vehicles i.e. drivers yielding to pedestrians, vehicles passing just in front of, or behind pedestrians. Criteria for identification of dangerous encounters were selected with the assumption that it should be possible to automate the assessment process. The selected variables were: pedestrian-vehicle passing distance and the vehicle speed at that moment. Other criteria were used in cases of abrupt braking – deceleration exceeding 4 m/s2 and vehicle speed. A Dangerous Encounter Index is proposed as a surrogate safety indicator for pedestrian crossings. It relates the occurrence of dangerous events to exposure, defined as the number of pedestrian-vehicle encounters. The proposed index shows that crossing two lanes involves more risk than crossing one lane, given similar traffic flow. Some improvement of safety at both types of crossing was observed after active signage involving blinking lights had been introduced. The proposed method is a step towards automation of safety assessment.

ACS Style

Piotr Olszewski; Paweł Dąbkowski; Piotr Szagała; Witold Czajewski; Ilona Buttler. Surrogate safety indicator for unsignalised pedestrian crossings. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 2020, 70, 25 -36.

AMA Style

Piotr Olszewski, Paweł Dąbkowski, Piotr Szagała, Witold Czajewski, Ilona Buttler. Surrogate safety indicator for unsignalised pedestrian crossings. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour. 2020; 70 ():25-36.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piotr Olszewski; Paweł Dąbkowski; Piotr Szagała; Witold Czajewski; Ilona Buttler. 2020. "Surrogate safety indicator for unsignalised pedestrian crossings." Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 70, no. : 25-36.

Review
Published: 31 December 2019 in Archives of Transport
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Motorways and expressways are the core of each country’s road system. Road planning, design and management requires tools to ensure that roads have the right geometry, traffic layout and equipment. These include methods for capacity estimation and assessing traffic conditions. Because the paper focusses on the basic segments of motorways and expressways (sections located between interchanges and outside of their influence), its objective is to review and compare methods used worldwide and establish whether their assumptions or procedures could be used in Polish conditions. Four methods were selected for analysis: US, German, Swedish and Dutch. Theoretical and empirical comparisons were conducted, with the latter using data from sections of motorways and expressways in Poland collected in the RID-2B project. The results of the analyses showed important differences between the methods in terms of procedures for traffic conditions assessment, assumptions, base capacities, traffic conditions measures, factors or speed-flow models. Significant differences were also found when traffic parameter estimates made with particular methods were compared to real data from Polish roads. The results contributed to the development of Poland’s new method, to be prepared as a result of the RID-2B project. It was concluded that none of the analysed methods can be directly adopted to Polish conditions. An important conclusion is the need to include Poland-specific motorway speed limits and procedure for determining free-flow speed, the basis for further analyses.

ACS Style

Aleksandra Romanowska; Kazimierz Jamroz; Piotr Olszewski. Review of methods for assessing traffic conditions on basic motorway and expressway sections. Archives of Transport 2019, 52, 7 -25.

AMA Style

Aleksandra Romanowska, Kazimierz Jamroz, Piotr Olszewski. Review of methods for assessing traffic conditions on basic motorway and expressway sections. Archives of Transport. 2019; 52 (4):7-25.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aleksandra Romanowska; Kazimierz Jamroz; Piotr Olszewski. 2019. "Review of methods for assessing traffic conditions on basic motorway and expressway sections." Archives of Transport 52, no. 4: 7-25.

Articles
Published: 08 June 2019 in Journal of Transportation Safety & Security
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In Poland, bicycle traffic is on the rise. Over the last 10 years the share of bicycle trips in Warsaw has increased from 0.9% to 3.1%. This development is accompanied by an increase in incidents in which cyclists are involved. Between 2010 and 2014 there were approximately twice as many accidents and almost three times more collisions, 25% of which took place at cycle track crossings. The aim of the study conducted within a larger research project was to assess safety of bicycle users at various types of crossings. Accidents involving cyclists are very scattered, thus epidemiological analyses may not give satisfactory results. In the reported study the traffic conflict technique was used. Surveys were carried out at three cycle track crossings, differing with respect to geometrical layout and traffic control method. Video recording technique was applied – approximately 70 hours of material were analysed at each survey point. Dangerous situations were identified (approximately 700) and categorised into six types of incidents. Subsequently, the relationship between the number of conflicts and traffic volumes was analysed. This allowed to identify traffic management solutions that are safer and to list design elements that should be avoided.

ACS Style

Paweł Włodarek; Piotr Olszewski. Traffic safety on cycle track crossings – traffic conflict technique. Journal of Transportation Safety & Security 2019, 12, 194 -209.

AMA Style

Paweł Włodarek, Piotr Olszewski. Traffic safety on cycle track crossings – traffic conflict technique. Journal of Transportation Safety & Security. 2019; 12 (1):194-209.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paweł Włodarek; Piotr Olszewski. 2019. "Traffic safety on cycle track crossings – traffic conflict technique." Journal of Transportation Safety & Security 12, no. 1: 194-209.

Conference paper
Published: 01 June 2019 in 2019 6th International Conference on Models and Technologies for Intelligent Transportation Systems (MT-ITS)
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The idea of dynamic bus lanes (DBL) has been known for several years. Many authors tried to estimate the potential benefits of such a solution. The main principle of the DBL system is to activate an exclusive bus lane (XBL) when a bus approaches a designated road segment and to deactivate XBL when the bus leaves the segment, making the lane available to all road users. The new solution requires additional infrastructure like variable message signs and in-pavement lights, informing drivers whether the DBL is active or not. One of the popular tools to evaluate the new solution is a traffic microsimulation model. Unfortunately, the available software has no ready tools for simulating the activation and deactivation process of the DBL. The paper proposes a new method for modelling DBL control in the PTV Vissim environment. Traffic simulation model was set up to analyze the DBL operation on a street in Rzeszow with an existing exclusive bus lane. The model was calibrated and validated based on travel time measurements along this section. Special control logic and network coding were used to simulate bus and car traffic when DBL is active. The study shows that DBL improves the average travel time for private transport while maintaining travel time savings for buses.

ACS Style

Mateusz Szarata; Piotr Olszewski. Traffic modelling with dynamic bus lane. 2019 6th International Conference on Models and Technologies for Intelligent Transportation Systems (MT-ITS) 2019, 1 -8.

AMA Style

Mateusz Szarata, Piotr Olszewski. Traffic modelling with dynamic bus lane. 2019 6th International Conference on Models and Technologies for Intelligent Transportation Systems (MT-ITS). 2019; ():1-8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mateusz Szarata; Piotr Olszewski. 2019. "Traffic modelling with dynamic bus lane." 2019 6th International Conference on Models and Technologies for Intelligent Transportation Systems (MT-ITS) , no. : 1-8.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2019 in Journal of Safety Research
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Vulnerable road users comprise over half of all road accident victims in the EU and their safety situation is not improving as fast as for motorists. The paper examines factors affecting fatality risk of pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists, and moped riders in seven EU countries using data from CARE database. Comparing accident severity indicators between countries is problematic because of data quality issues, different degree of underreporting, and different exposure levels. To avoid bias arising from these issues, fatality risk is modeled with binary logistic regression. Risk factors considered include accident location by area type, junction type, and traffic control, as well as lighting condition. Results are presented as odds ratios of fatal accident outcome in different countries under specific circumstances compared to reference conditions. It is shown that the error in OR values due to underreporting is small. Wide confidence intervals of the odds ratios in some countries confirm problems with accident data quality. Fatality risk is always higher for non-urban versus urban area and for darkness versus daylight conditions, but the odds ratios are different for different countries. Inconsistent results are obtained for accident location with respect to junction and its control type. Possible reasons for these differences are suggested and discussed. Practical applications: The proposed method avoids the data quality bias of accident severity indicators, thus, it can be used in international comparisons of vulnerable road user accidents. The article findings also support the concept of changes in legislation, such as reducing the speed limit in urban areas in Poland at night. Generally, the experience of countries with low VRU fatality risk identified in the article can be transferred to those with a higher risk.

ACS Style

Piotr Olszewski; Piotr Szagała; Daniel Rabczenko; Anna Zielińska. Investigating safety of vulnerable road users in selected EU countries. Journal of Safety Research 2019, 68, 49 -57.

AMA Style

Piotr Olszewski, Piotr Szagała, Daniel Rabczenko, Anna Zielińska. Investigating safety of vulnerable road users in selected EU countries. Journal of Safety Research. 2019; 68 ():49-57.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piotr Olszewski; Piotr Szagała; Daniel Rabczenko; Anna Zielińska. 2019. "Investigating safety of vulnerable road users in selected EU countries." Journal of Safety Research 68, no. : 49-57.

Conference paper
Published: 30 January 2019 in MATEC Web of Conferences
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Although traffic safety situation in general is improving, the numbers of pedestrians and cyclists hit when crossing a road have not significantly decreased recently. Based on police accident records for years 2010-2014, some 735 pedestrians and 505 cyclists were hit by motor vehicles in Warsaw. Investigation reported in this paper is a part of the European project InDeV. One aim of the project is to find correlation between accidents and traffic conflicts and thus provide a solid base for using surrogate safety measures as safety diagnostic tools. Three typical signalised intersections in Warsaw were selected for video recording. Relevant encounters between motor vehicles and vulnerable road users (pedestrians and cyclists) were identified and analysed using programs RUBA and T-Analyst. The paper describes the semiautomatic video data processing and problems regarding some technical and methodological aspects of conflict detection. Based on video analysis of 24 hours of recording for each intersection, preliminary characteristics of encounters between pedestrians/cyclists and motorised vehicles have been developed. Statistical distributions of encounter parameters such as time-to-collision (TTC) and post-encroachment time (PET) are presented. These will be used in the development of appropriate safety indicators.

ACS Style

Piotr Olszewski; Witold Czajewski; Beata Osińska; Piotr Szagała; Paweł Włodarek. Investigation of traffic conflicts at signalised intersections in Warsaw. MATEC Web of Conferences 2019, 262, 05009 .

AMA Style

Piotr Olszewski, Witold Czajewski, Beata Osińska, Piotr Szagała, Paweł Włodarek. Investigation of traffic conflicts at signalised intersections in Warsaw. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2019; 262 ():05009.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piotr Olszewski; Witold Czajewski; Beata Osińska; Piotr Szagała; Paweł Włodarek. 2019. "Investigation of traffic conflicts at signalised intersections in Warsaw." MATEC Web of Conferences 262, no. : 05009.

Conference paper
Published: 16 November 2018 in MATEC Web of Conferences
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The main objective of the study was to verify the effectiveness of the active pedestrian crossings equipped with flashing lights activated automatically by detected pedestrians. Eight unsignalised pedestrian crossings were video-recorded for 48 hours each, both before and after installation of the equipment. An additional survey was done a month after the installation on three of the crossings. A traffic Conflict Rate was calculated for each crossing, as the number of conflicts per hour divided by the product of hourly pedestrian and vehicle traffic volume. The ANOVA test was used to check the statistical significance of changes of the indicators. The average percentage of drivers yielding to pedestrians increased by 94.8% and the average waiting time decreased by 39.2%. The Conflict Rate decreased at five out of eight sites. The average speeds of vehicles approaching the crossings decreased by 3.9 km/h. The “before-one month after” analysis mostly confirmed the positive results of the first analysis. Generally, at four out of eight crossings the effects were clearly positive, at two, relatively positive, and at the remaining two there was no clear positive effect. These sites were multilane streets which suggests that such sites should be either signalised or narrowed.

ACS Style

Piotr Szagała; Andrzej Brzeziński; Paweł Dąbkowski; Piotr Olszewski; Paweł Włodarek. Evaluation of the impact of active signage on road user behaviour at pedestrian crossings. MATEC Web of Conferences 2018, 231, 03004 .

AMA Style

Piotr Szagała, Andrzej Brzeziński, Paweł Dąbkowski, Piotr Olszewski, Paweł Włodarek. Evaluation of the impact of active signage on road user behaviour at pedestrian crossings. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2018; 231 ():03004.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piotr Szagała; Andrzej Brzeziński; Paweł Dąbkowski; Piotr Olszewski; Paweł Włodarek. 2018. "Evaluation of the impact of active signage on road user behaviour at pedestrian crossings." MATEC Web of Conferences 231, no. : 03004.

Conference paper
Published: 16 November 2018 in MATEC Web of Conferences
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In large Polish cities like Warsaw, pedestrians constitute almost 60% of road fatalities. Although traffic safety situation in general is improving, the numbers of pedestrians hit when crossing a road have not significantly decreased over the last six years. A negative binomial model was estimated for predicting accidents at unsignalised pedestrian crossings based on accident data from 52 crossings in Warsaw. A total of 58 pedestrian accidents were recorded at these crossings during the last seven years. The model shows that the number of accidents is less-than-proportional to both pedestrian and motorised traffic daily volumes. Other risk factors affecting pedestrian safety are: higher proportion of heavy vehicles and location in a mixed land use area. The model can be used with the Empirical Bayes method for an unbiased identification of high risk locations.

ACS Style

Piotr Olszewski; Beata Osińska; Piotr Szagała; Paweł Włodarek. Development of accident prediction models for pedestrian crossings. MATEC Web of Conferences 2018, 231, 03002 .

AMA Style

Piotr Olszewski, Beata Osińska, Piotr Szagała, Paweł Włodarek. Development of accident prediction models for pedestrian crossings. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2018; 231 ():03002.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piotr Olszewski; Beata Osińska; Piotr Szagała; Paweł Włodarek. 2018. "Development of accident prediction models for pedestrian crossings." MATEC Web of Conferences 231, no. : 03002.

Journal article
Published: 17 September 2018 in Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board
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Probe vehicle data (also known as “floating car data”) can be used to analyze travel time reliability of an existing road corridor in order to determine where, when, and how often traffic congestion occurs at particular road segments. The aim of the study is to find the best reliability performance measures for assessing congestion frequency and severity based on probe data. Pilot surveys conducted on A2 motorway in Poland confirm the usefulness and reasonable accuracy of probe data for measuring speed variation in both congested and free-flowing traffic. Historical probe vehicle data and traditional traffic counts from Polish S6 expressway were used to analyze travel time reliability on its 24 road sections. Travel time indexes and reliability ratings for the whole year 2016 were calculated to identify segments with lower reliability and higher expected delay. It is concluded that unlike the HCM-6 method, travel times obtained from probe data should be averaged in 1-hour intervals. Delay index is proposed as a new reliability indicator for road segments. Delay map diagrams are recommended for showing how the congestion spots move in space and with time of day.

ACS Style

Piotr Olszewski; Tomasz Dybicz; Kazimierz Jamroz; Wojciech Kustra; Aleksandra Romanowska. Assessing Highway Travel Time Reliability using Probe Vehicle Data. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2018, 2672, 118 -130.

AMA Style

Piotr Olszewski, Tomasz Dybicz, Kazimierz Jamroz, Wojciech Kustra, Aleksandra Romanowska. Assessing Highway Travel Time Reliability using Probe Vehicle Data. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board. 2018; 2672 (15):118-130.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piotr Olszewski; Tomasz Dybicz; Kazimierz Jamroz; Wojciech Kustra; Aleksandra Romanowska. 2018. "Assessing Highway Travel Time Reliability using Probe Vehicle Data." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 15: 118-130.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2016 in Archives of Civil Engineering
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The problem of poor quality of traffic accident data assembled in national databases has been addressed in European project InDeV. Vulnerable road users (pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists and moped riders) are especially affected by underreporting of accidents and misreporting of injury severity. Analyses of data from the European CARE database shows differences between countries in accident number trends as well as in fatality and injury rates which are difficult to explain. A survey of InDeV project partners from 7 EU countries helped to identify differences in their countries in accident and injury definitions as well as in reporting and data checking procedures. Measures to improve the quality of accident data are proposed such as including pedestrian falls in accident statistics, precisely defining minimum injury and combining police accident records with hospital data.

ACS Style

P. Olszewski; B. Osińska; P. Szagała; P. Skoczyński; A. Zielińska. Problems with Assessing Safety of Vulnerable Road Users Based on Traffic Accident Data. Archives of Civil Engineering 2016, 62, 149 -168.

AMA Style

P. Olszewski, B. Osińska, P. Szagała, P. Skoczyński, A. Zielińska. Problems with Assessing Safety of Vulnerable Road Users Based on Traffic Accident Data. Archives of Civil Engineering. 2016; 62 (4):149-168.

Chicago/Turabian Style

P. Olszewski; B. Osińska; P. Szagała; P. Skoczyński; A. Zielińska. 2016. "Problems with Assessing Safety of Vulnerable Road Users Based on Traffic Accident Data." Archives of Civil Engineering 62, no. 4: 149-168.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2016 in Transportation Research Procedia
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Pedestrian fatality rate in Poland of 30 deaths per year per million population was the second highest among the EU countries in 2013. In the years 2007-2013 some 13% of pedestrian fatalities and 26% of injuries occurred at unsignalized pedestrian crossings where pedestrians should theoretically be safe. The paper presents results of research project MOBIS which was aimed to develop surrogate safety measures based on detection of dangerous situations or near-accidents. Within the project, pedestrian and vehicle traffic was recorded at four pedestrian crossings in Warsaw and Wrocław, for a period of approximately 2 months per crossing. Motion trajectories of vehicles and pedestrians were determined and certain parameters describing the pedestrian-vehicle encounters calculated. The average number of such encounters was over 1000 per day in both Warsaw and Wrocław. Dedicated video and data analysis algorithms were used to extract interactions that met certain criteria. To this end the following parameters were used: velocity profiles of pedestrians and vehicles, minimum distance between the participants, deceleration during braking, etc. These variables were used to develop surrogate safety indicators for pedestrian-vehicle encounters. A classification of encounters based on the characteristics of pedestrian-vehicle interaction is also proposed. Within the project certain solutions for increasing pedestrian safety at road crossings were installed and evaluated. These included speed cushions and flashing lights warning the drivers about pedestrian presence that were either mounted on traffic poles or embedded in the road surface. The evaluation of these solutions will be based on surrogate safety measures developed in the MOBIS project

ACS Style

Piotr Olszewski; Ilona Buttler; Witold Czajewski; Paweł Dąbkowski; Cezary Kraśkiewicz; Piotr Szagała; Anna Zielińska. Pedestrian Safety Assessment with Video Analysis. Transportation Research Procedia 2016, 14, 2044 -2053.

AMA Style

Piotr Olszewski, Ilona Buttler, Witold Czajewski, Paweł Dąbkowski, Cezary Kraśkiewicz, Piotr Szagała, Anna Zielińska. Pedestrian Safety Assessment with Video Analysis. Transportation Research Procedia. 2016; 14 ():2044-2053.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piotr Olszewski; Ilona Buttler; Witold Czajewski; Paweł Dąbkowski; Cezary Kraśkiewicz; Piotr Szagała; Anna Zielińska. 2016. "Pedestrian Safety Assessment with Video Analysis." Transportation Research Procedia 14, no. : 2044-2053.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2016 in Journal of Civil Engineering, Environment and Architecture
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ACS Style

Piotr Szagała; Witold Czajewski; Paweł Dąbkowski; Piotr Olszewski. OCENA BEZPIECZEŃSTWA NA PRZEJŚCIACH DLA PIESZYCH PRZY POMOCY ANALIZY OBRAZU WIDEO. Journal of Civil Engineering, Environment and Architecture 2016, 1 .

AMA Style

Piotr Szagała, Witold Czajewski, Paweł Dąbkowski, Piotr Olszewski. OCENA BEZPIECZEŃSTWA NA PRZEJŚCIACH DLA PIESZYCH PRZY POMOCY ANALIZY OBRAZU WIDEO. Journal of Civil Engineering, Environment and Architecture. 2016; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piotr Szagała; Witold Czajewski; Paweł Dąbkowski; Piotr Olszewski. 2016. "OCENA BEZPIECZEŃSTWA NA PRZEJŚCIACH DLA PIESZYCH PRZY POMOCY ANALIZY OBRAZU WIDEO." Journal of Civil Engineering, Environment and Architecture , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2016 in Transportation Research Procedia
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This paper attempts to examine and analyse accident causation and risk factors for pedestrian injuries at signalized locations in Warsaw. In large Polish cities like Warsaw, pedestrians constitute almost 60% of road fatalities. Although traffic safety situation in general is improving, the numbers of pedestrians hit when crossing a road have not significantly decreased in the last five years. Accidents at signalized intersections and crossings in Warsaw constitute around 33% of all crashes involving pedestrians. During the last five years the number of accidents occurring at signalized pedestrian crossings has not been decreasing. Based on analysis of 735 police records of pedestrian accidents in Warsaw for years 2010-2014, it can be concluded that in terms of numbers the biggest problem occurs on dual carriageway roads and at zebra crossings on intersection exit roadways. The highest risk of a fatal accident outcome occurs at midblock signalized crossings and when pedestrians cross tram tracks. Pedestrians over 65 years of age have the highest risk of being killed. Disobeying the red signal is a serious problem – many accidents were caused by either a pedestrian (25%) or driver (8%) ignoring the red light. The findings suggest that accident rates could be minimized by appropriate road and traffic signal design: speed reduction measures and enforcement as well as making traffic signals more pedestrian-friendly, especially for elderly pedestrians.

ACS Style

Piotr Olszewski; Beata Osińska; Anna Zielińska. Pedestrian Safety at Traffic Signals in Warsaw. Transportation Research Procedia 2016, 14, 1174 -1182.

AMA Style

Piotr Olszewski, Beata Osińska, Anna Zielińska. Pedestrian Safety at Traffic Signals in Warsaw. Transportation Research Procedia. 2016; 14 ():1174-1182.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piotr Olszewski; Beata Osińska; Anna Zielińska. 2016. "Pedestrian Safety at Traffic Signals in Warsaw." Transportation Research Procedia 14, no. : 1174-1182.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2015 in Accident Analysis & Prevention
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Poland has the second worst pedestrian fatality rate in the European Union. In the years 2007-2012, 9101 pedestrians were killed and 71328 injured on Polish roads. Almost 30% of pedestrian injury accidents took place at unsignalized zebra crosswalks. Based on police accident database, the worst problem in terms of numbers of fatalities occurs in built-up areas, on two-way undivided roads and at mid-block locations. Especially at risk are older people - almost 73% of pedestrians killed were 55 years or older. In order to show the effect of various factors on pedestrian fatality risk, a binary logit model with interaction terms was developed. The model shows that the following factors increase the probability of pedestrian's death at unsignalized zebra crosswalks: darkness, especially with no street lighting, divided road, two-way road, non built-up area, mid-block crosswalk location and summer time period. Speed limit is a crucial factor: probability of death increases by 37% with every 10km/h rise in the speed limit. Fatality risk increases also with victim's age and is higher for male pedestrians.

ACS Style

Piotr Olszewski; Piotr Szagała; Maciej Wolański; Anna Zielińska. Pedestrian fatality risk in accidents at unsignalized zebra crosswalks in Poland. Accident Analysis & Prevention 2015, 84, 83 -91.

AMA Style

Piotr Olszewski, Piotr Szagała, Maciej Wolański, Anna Zielińska. Pedestrian fatality risk in accidents at unsignalized zebra crosswalks in Poland. Accident Analysis & Prevention. 2015; 84 ():83-91.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piotr Olszewski; Piotr Szagała; Maciej Wolański; Anna Zielińska. 2015. "Pedestrian fatality risk in accidents at unsignalized zebra crosswalks in Poland." Accident Analysis & Prevention 84, no. : 83-91.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2015 in Archives of Civil Engineering
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The paper presents findings from research project Mobis which is aimed at developing a method of assessing safety of unsignalised pedestrian road crossings using video image analysis. Pedestrian and vehicle traffic has been recorded at selected zebra crossing sites in Warsaw and Wrocław, before and after installation of active signage systems SignFlash and Levelite. Speeds of approaching vehicles were measured and drivers’ behaviour was classified using video analysis.The paper presents a comparison of effectiveness of systems such as SignFlash and Levelite based on changes in the mean and standard deviation of vehicle spot speeds as well as changes in speed profiles of vehicles approaching the crossings.Results indicate that both SignFlash and Levelite active signage reduce mean vehicle approach speeds and have a positive impact on drivers’ behaviour.

ACS Style

P. Olszewski; W. Czajewski; P. Dąbkowski; C. Kraśkiewicz; P. Szagała. Assessment Of The Effectiveness Of Active Signage At Pedestrian Crossings. Archives of Civil Engineering 2015, 61, 125 -140.

AMA Style

P. Olszewski, W. Czajewski, P. Dąbkowski, C. Kraśkiewicz, P. Szagała. Assessment Of The Effectiveness Of Active Signage At Pedestrian Crossings. Archives of Civil Engineering. 2015; 61 (2):125-140.

Chicago/Turabian Style

P. Olszewski; W. Czajewski; P. Dąbkowski; C. Kraśkiewicz; P. Szagała. 2015. "Assessment Of The Effectiveness Of Active Signage At Pedestrian Crossings." Archives of Civil Engineering 61, no. 2: 125-140.

Conference paper
Published: 01 January 2015 in Communications in Computer and Information Science
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This paper describes results of experiments with camera setup, calibration and image processing algorithms for automatic detection and tracking of pedestrians and vehicles. The aim of the MOBIS project was to develop a method of assessing safety of unsignalised pedestrian crossings. Correct detection and tracking proved to be more difficult in the case of pedestrians than vehicles due to variability in people’s appearance, movement in groups and poor visibility in bad weather. Application of cameras with built-in pedestrian tracking programs was successful only in very good visibility conditions, so a computationally efficient PC algorithm providing a high pedestrian detection rate was used instead. The paper presents comparison of results obtained using different image processing methods as well as selected problems of pedestrian tracking. Statistical analysis of pedestrian behaviour with and without vehicles present is also shown. The proposed approach seems to be accurate enough for the purpose of assessing pedestrian safety.

ACS Style

Witold Czajewski; Paweł Mrówka; Piotr Olszewski. Video Processing for Detection and Tracking of Pedestrians and Vehicles at Zebra Crossings. Communications in Computer and Information Science 2015, 34 -44.

AMA Style

Witold Czajewski, Paweł Mrówka, Piotr Olszewski. Video Processing for Detection and Tracking of Pedestrians and Vehicles at Zebra Crossings. Communications in Computer and Information Science. 2015; ():34-44.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Witold Czajewski; Paweł Mrówka; Piotr Olszewski. 2015. "Video Processing for Detection and Tracking of Pedestrians and Vehicles at Zebra Crossings." Communications in Computer and Information Science , no. : 34-44.

Journal article
Published: 11 December 2014 in Budownictwo i Architektura
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The paper compares benefits of bus lanes with intermittent priority to standard bus lanes. The study was based on traffic models made by using HCM 2010 method and microsimulation models developed with PTV Vissim software. The paper also presents operating principles of bus lane with intermittent priority and the results of traffic surveys conducted in Rzeszow. The analysis shows that when compared to the standard bus lane, the use of bus lane with intermittent priority can bring benefits for streets with lower bus flows.

ACS Style

Mateusz Szarata; Piotr Olszewski. Analysis of the effectiveness of bus lane with intermittent priority. Budownictwo i Architektura 2014, 13, 275 -284.

AMA Style

Mateusz Szarata, Piotr Olszewski. Analysis of the effectiveness of bus lane with intermittent priority. Budownictwo i Architektura. 2014; 13 (4):275-284.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mateusz Szarata; Piotr Olszewski. 2014. "Analysis of the effectiveness of bus lane with intermittent priority." Budownictwo i Architektura 13, no. 4: 275-284.

Journal article
Published: 09 December 2014 in Budownictwo i Architektura
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Paper presents preliminary findings from the research project Mobis which is aimed at developing a method of assessing safety of pedestrian road crossings by using video image analysis. Pedestrian and vehicle traffic has been recorded at a selected crossing site in Warsaw for 2 months, before and after installation of safety measures which included active signage and speed humps. Speeds of approaching vehicles were measured and vehicle-pedestrian conflict situations identified by using video analysis. Results indicate that both SignFlash active signage and speed humps reduce mean vehicle speed and have a positive impact on drivers’ behaviour.

ACS Style

Piotr Olszewski; Witold Czajewski; Paweł Dąbkowski; Piotr Szagała. Safety assessment of pedestrian crossing solutions. Budownictwo i Architektura 2014, 13, 177 -184.

AMA Style

Piotr Olszewski, Witold Czajewski, Paweł Dąbkowski, Piotr Szagała. Safety assessment of pedestrian crossing solutions. Budownictwo i Architektura. 2014; 13 (4):177-184.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piotr Olszewski; Witold Czajewski; Paweł Dąbkowski; Piotr Szagała. 2014. "Safety assessment of pedestrian crossing solutions." Budownictwo i Architektura 13, no. 4: 177-184.