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Carlo Fadda
Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy

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Journal article
Published: 20 January 2021 in Sustainability
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This study assesses the impact of a participatory development program called Seeds For Needs, carried out in Ethiopia to support smallholders in addressing climate change and its consequences through the introduction, selection, use, and management of suitable crop varieties. More specifically, it analyzes the program’s role of boosting durum wheat varietal diversification and agrobiodiversity to support higher crop productivity and strengthen smallholder food security. The study is based on a survey of 1008 households across three major wheat-growing regional states: Amhara, Oromia, and Tigray. A doubly robust estimator was employed to properly estimate the impact of Seeds For Needs interventions. The results show that program activities have significantly enhanced wheat crop productivity and smallholders’ food security by increasing wheat varietal diversification. This paper provides further empirical evidence for the effective role that varietal diversity can play in improving food security in marginal environments, and also provides clear indications for development agencies regarding the importance of improving smallholders’ access to crop genetic resources.

ACS Style

Elisabetta Gotor; Muhammed Abdella Usman; Martina Occelli; Basazen Fantahun; Carlo Fadda; Yosef Gebrehawaryat Kidane; Dejene Mengistu; Afewerki Yohannes Kiros; Jemal Nurhisen Mohammed; Mekonen Assefa; Tesfaye Woldesemayate; Francesco Caracciolo. Wheat Varietal Diversification Increases Ethiopian Smallholders’ Food Security: Evidence from a Participatory Development Initiative. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1029 .

AMA Style

Elisabetta Gotor, Muhammed Abdella Usman, Martina Occelli, Basazen Fantahun, Carlo Fadda, Yosef Gebrehawaryat Kidane, Dejene Mengistu, Afewerki Yohannes Kiros, Jemal Nurhisen Mohammed, Mekonen Assefa, Tesfaye Woldesemayate, Francesco Caracciolo. Wheat Varietal Diversification Increases Ethiopian Smallholders’ Food Security: Evidence from a Participatory Development Initiative. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1029.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisabetta Gotor; Muhammed Abdella Usman; Martina Occelli; Basazen Fantahun; Carlo Fadda; Yosef Gebrehawaryat Kidane; Dejene Mengistu; Afewerki Yohannes Kiros; Jemal Nurhisen Mohammed; Mekonen Assefa; Tesfaye Woldesemayate; Francesco Caracciolo. 2021. "Wheat Varietal Diversification Increases Ethiopian Smallholders’ Food Security: Evidence from a Participatory Development Initiative." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1029.

Mini review
Published: 15 September 2020 in Frontiers in Plant Science
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In response to the climate change, it is essential to provide smallholder farmers with improved field crop genotypes that may increase the resilience of their farming system. This requires a fast turnover of varieties in a system capable of injecting significant amounts of genetic diversity into productive landscapes. Crop improvement is a pivotal strategy to cope with and adapt to climate change. Modern breeding may rely on the genomics revolution to speed up the development of new varieties with adaptive potential. However, centralized breeding may not adequately address smallholder farmers’ needs for more locally acclimatized varieties or groups of varieties. This, in turn, constrains adoption of new varieties that reduces the effectiveness of a resource-intensive breeding process, an issue that may be overcome with participatory, decentralized approaches. Whether high-tech centralized breeding or decentralized participatory approaches are better suited for smallholder farmers in the global South is hotly debated. Sidestepping any false dichotomies and ideological issues in these debates, this review provides a perspective on relevant advances in a breeding approach that combines the two approaches and uses genomics for trait mining from ex situ collections of genetic materials, participatory multilocation trials and crowdsourced citizen science. It argues that this new combination of high-tech centralized and participatory decentralized methods can provide a coherent and effective approach to breeding for climate adaptation and the present review advocates on a different way forward for the future research.

ACS Style

Carlo Fadda; Dejene K. Mengistu; Yosef G. Kidane; Matteo Dell’Acqua; Mario Enrico Pè; Jacob Van Etten. Integrating Conventional and Participatory Crop Improvement for Smallholder Agriculture Using the Seeds for Needs Approach: A Review. Frontiers in Plant Science 2020, 11, 1 .

AMA Style

Carlo Fadda, Dejene K. Mengistu, Yosef G. Kidane, Matteo Dell’Acqua, Mario Enrico Pè, Jacob Van Etten. Integrating Conventional and Participatory Crop Improvement for Smallholder Agriculture Using the Seeds for Needs Approach: A Review. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2020; 11 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carlo Fadda; Dejene K. Mengistu; Yosef G. Kidane; Matteo Dell’Acqua; Mario Enrico Pè; Jacob Van Etten. 2020. "Integrating Conventional and Participatory Crop Improvement for Smallholder Agriculture Using the Seeds for Needs Approach: A Review." Frontiers in Plant Science 11, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 13 September 2020 in Agricultural Systems
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Wheat production in Ethiopia faces numerous climate related constraints that entail development and dissemination of wheat germplasms with yield stabilizing traits under climate related challenges such as frost, drought, and yellow rust. The adoption of the germplasms will however depend on the effective demand of wheat growers. This study investigates the preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) for frost and yellow rust resistance, grain yield, grain color, plant height, and length of maturity traits of wheat in Ethiopia. A choice experiment method was used to generate 8181 observations from a random sample of 303 smallholder farm households. We report mean WTP values, preference heterogeneity and attribute non-attendance patterns based on different formulations of the mixed logit model. The results revealed that farmers are willing to pay for yellow rust resistance, frost resistance, increase in grain yield, and white grain color (cf. brown). Farmers showed disinterest in increase in length of maturity and black grain color (cf. brown). Farmers have high WTP for yellow rust resistance and frost resistance traits, which is nearly 10 times the value they are willing to pay for increase in grain yield of 100 kg per hectare. Similarly, farmers are willing to pay for harvesting wheat yield a month earlier a price four times the value they attach to increase in grain yield of 100 kg per hectare. The weight farmers attach to climate related traits of wheat show the importance farmers implicitly give to the climatic factors they must consider in their wheat production. Therefore, carefully developed wheat varieties would improve the effectiveness of the climate change adaptation strategies of smallholder farmers.

ACS Style

Ermias Teferi; Girma T. Kassie; Mario Enrico Pe; Carlo Fadda. Are farmers willing to pay for climate related traits of wheat? Evidence from rural parts of Ethiopia. Agricultural Systems 2020, 185, 102947 .

AMA Style

Ermias Teferi, Girma T. Kassie, Mario Enrico Pe, Carlo Fadda. Are farmers willing to pay for climate related traits of wheat? Evidence from rural parts of Ethiopia. Agricultural Systems. 2020; 185 ():102947.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ermias Teferi; Girma T. Kassie; Mario Enrico Pe; Carlo Fadda. 2020. "Are farmers willing to pay for climate related traits of wheat? Evidence from rural parts of Ethiopia." Agricultural Systems 185, no. : 102947.

Chapter
Published: 28 November 2018 in The Climate-Smart Agriculture Papers
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Crop varieties play an important role in climate adaptation, allowing farmers to adjust the varieties they use to suit new climate conditions. Several barriers stand in the way of this approach. First, variety recommendations are often based on data from trials done at research stations, which do not reflect performance in low-input agriculture. Second, a limited range of genetic materials reaches farmers’ fields, with elite material given preference and varieties from gene banks neglected. Third, variety recommendations are not specific enough to the areas where they are used. Finally, the recommendations are seldom targeted at decreasing climate production risk. To overcome these barriers, we present a new approach. The triadic comparisons of technologies (tricot) approach involves the cost-effective, large-scale, repeated participatory evaluation of varieties under farm conditions using novel material from national gene banks or plant breeding. The approach allows the use of a broad range of materials in on-farm testing. Because it combines the resulting variety evaluation data with environmental data, the approach can measure the responses of crop varieties under seasonal climatic conditions. The data can then be translated into concrete variety recommendations, including portfolios of more than one variety. We illustrate the approach with an example that uses simulated but realistic data.

ACS Style

Carlo Fadda; Jacob van Etten. Generating Farm-Validated Variety Recommendations for Climate Adaptation. The Climate-Smart Agriculture Papers 2018, 127 -138.

AMA Style

Carlo Fadda, Jacob van Etten. Generating Farm-Validated Variety Recommendations for Climate Adaptation. The Climate-Smart Agriculture Papers. 2018; ():127-138.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carlo Fadda; Jacob van Etten. 2018. "Generating Farm-Validated Variety Recommendations for Climate Adaptation." The Climate-Smart Agriculture Papers , no. : 127-138.