This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.
Microalgae have gained interest over the century due to numerous intrinsic attributes surpassing higher plants, making them a potential feedstock for third-generation biofuel production. The current state of art technologies produces biodiesel from microalgal biomass attributed to high intrinsic neutral-lipid contents. However, persisting hurdles in terms of techno-economic feasibility have impeded commercial-scale operations. The latent qualities of microalgae towards the accumulation of multiple high-value products ranging from animal feed to pharmaceuticals adds up to the economic feasibility. Alternatively, the high abundant carbohydrate contents of microalgal strains are used as low-cost substrates for the growth of commercially important microbes to synthesize biofuels. Novel carbohydrate enhancement strategies such as two-stage cultivation, phytohormones, starvation strategies, combinatorial stress strategies, etc., are frequently emerging to mitigate the challenges. Therefore, this study targets to review the recent trends in tuning the microalgal metabolism for increased carbohydrates and associated biofuel generation to attain process feasibility and sustainability. According to recent reports, nitrogen limitation, phosphate limitation, the optimal light intensity with reduced dissolved oxygen, limited inorganic carbon, optimal organic carbon levels, and indole-3-acetic acid augmented the carbohydrate productivity in different microalgal strains. Further analysis on different pretreatment methods highlighted electric-based physical treatment strategies with high efficiencies and less energy requirements of 13.3 kJ to 1.5 MJ per kg biomass. The production cost for microalgae-based bioethanol varies from US$ 1.67 to 31.36 per gallon for different process scenarios, which needs further attention.
Chandrani Debnath; Tarun Kanti Bandyopadhyay; Biswanath Bhunia; Umesh Mishra; Selvaraju Narayanasamy; Muthusivaramapandian Muthuraj. Microalgae: Sustainable resource of carbohydrates in third-generation biofuel production. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2021, 150, 111464 .
AMA StyleChandrani Debnath, Tarun Kanti Bandyopadhyay, Biswanath Bhunia, Umesh Mishra, Selvaraju Narayanasamy, Muthusivaramapandian Muthuraj. Microalgae: Sustainable resource of carbohydrates in third-generation biofuel production. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2021; 150 ():111464.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChandrani Debnath; Tarun Kanti Bandyopadhyay; Biswanath Bhunia; Umesh Mishra; Selvaraju Narayanasamy; Muthusivaramapandian Muthuraj. 2021. "Microalgae: Sustainable resource of carbohydrates in third-generation biofuel production." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 150, no. : 111464.
Over the past few years, graphene-based composites have been proved to be one of the most prominent materials of modern times. Graphene based aerogels are the most widely explored 3D-graphene structures for wastewater treatment, owing to its excellent physical and chemical properties. There has been a considerable development in the research of graphene-based materials with the exponential progress of scientific publications in the last five years. This review starts with a background of graphene-based composite, its structural properties and the importance of aerogel material in wastewater treatment. In continuation, a number of recent and emerging experimental procedures for the preparation with particular focus on fabrication techniques and advanced applications in wastewater remediation are elaborated. Techniques, including hydrothermal reduction, chemical reduction, electrochemical reduction, cross-linking, chemical vapor deposition etc. are discussed in detail. Finally, the challenges and research lacunas of graphene based emerging materials and their future perspective in economy are discussed.
Tasrin Shahnaz; Anjali Jayakumar; Das Bedadeep; Selvaraju Narayanasamy. A Review on tailored graphene material for Industrial Wastewater. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 2021, 9, 105933 .
AMA StyleTasrin Shahnaz, Anjali Jayakumar, Das Bedadeep, Selvaraju Narayanasamy. A Review on tailored graphene material for Industrial Wastewater. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. 2021; 9 (5):105933.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTasrin Shahnaz; Anjali Jayakumar; Das Bedadeep; Selvaraju Narayanasamy. 2021. "A Review on tailored graphene material for Industrial Wastewater." Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 9, no. 5: 105933.
Contaminants of emerging concerns present in the ecosystems causes various adverse effects on all living organisms. In current study, removal of Ce3+ from water was performed using Fe3O4/CAC nanocomposite (MCAC) synthesized by co-precipitation technique. The synthesized MCAC was characterized using various analytical techniques. The magnetic behavior of the nanocomposite which is a crucial advantage in separation of MCAC after adsorption of Ce3+ from water was determined using vibrating sample magnetometer. MCAC was polycrystalline comprising both amorphous and crystalline regions with elements like C, O, Fe and N. The influence of process parameters was optimized through batch mode with the adsorption capacity of 86.206 mg/g. Ecotoxicological studies were performed using Danio rerio (Zebra fish) and seeds of Vigna mungo and Vigna radiata to assess the harmful effects of Ce3+ before and after adsorption process. The phytotoxicity studies on seeds revealed that inhibition of growth ranges from 50.39% to 12.55% (before adsorption) and 28.57%–3.89% (after adsorption). After 96 h the LC50 value of Ce3+ on the Danio rerio before and after adsorption was 2.44 and 77.85 mg/L. Thus, the current study investigated the effective removal of Ce3+ by MCAC and evaluates its ecotoxicological effects.
V. Vishnu Priyan; Nitesh Kumar; Selvaraju Narayanasamy. Development of Fe3O4/CAC nanocomposite for the effective removal of contaminants of emerging concerns (Ce3+) from water: An ecotoxicological assessment. Environmental Pollution 2021, 285, 117326 .
AMA StyleV. Vishnu Priyan, Nitesh Kumar, Selvaraju Narayanasamy. Development of Fe3O4/CAC nanocomposite for the effective removal of contaminants of emerging concerns (Ce3+) from water: An ecotoxicological assessment. Environmental Pollution. 2021; 285 ():117326.
Chicago/Turabian StyleV. Vishnu Priyan; Nitesh Kumar; Selvaraju Narayanasamy. 2021. "Development of Fe3O4/CAC nanocomposite for the effective removal of contaminants of emerging concerns (Ce3+) from water: An ecotoxicological assessment." Environmental Pollution 285, no. : 117326.
Chitosan was fabricated via gelation method using CaBr2.xH2O/methanol solution and was studied as a potential adsorbent (MCh) in adsorbing anionic synthetic dyes like Bromophenol blue (BB), Direct blue 6 (DB) and Congo red (CR) from single (one dye species at a time) and multi (having two dyes; binary and all three dyes; tertiary) adsorptive systems. Physico-chemical modifications of MCh surface prior and post modification and dye adsorption were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy, Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction analysis, surface area analysis and Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy. Influential parameters influencing the adsorption process viz. initial pH of dye solution, MCh dosage, adsorption temperature and initial concentration of dye species were optimised. Adsorptive studies involving single adsorptive setups verified formation of sorbate’s (dye species) monolayer over the sorbent’s (MCh) surface via chemisorption; as established by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second order kinetics model analysis. Theoretical maximum adsorption capacities of MCh for BB, DB and CR was found to be 81.301 mg/g, 163.934 mg/g and 75.758 mg/g, respectively. Meanwhile, for all multi-adsorptive systems, competitive Langmuir isotherm model verified antagonistic behaviour of an individual dye over other dye adsorption over MCh surface in their respective adsorptive systems. Thermodynamics of the sorbate-sorbent interaction was exothermic, spontaneous, with elevated degree of disorderedness; concluding the interaction as thermodynamically favourable. Co-existing metal cations and anionic salts had minimal effect on MCh’s adsorption efficiency. Phytotoxicity assay via germination of Vigna mungo seeds verified the efficacy of the adsorbent in eliminating the dye species from single and multi-adsorptive systems.
Chandi Patra; E. Suganya; Senthilkumar Sivaprakasam; G. Krishnamoorthy; Selvaraju Narayanasamy. A detailed insight on fabricated porous chitosan in eliminating synthetic anionic dyes from single and multi-adsorptive systems with related studies. Chemosphere 2021, 281, 130706 .
AMA StyleChandi Patra, E. Suganya, Senthilkumar Sivaprakasam, G. Krishnamoorthy, Selvaraju Narayanasamy. A detailed insight on fabricated porous chitosan in eliminating synthetic anionic dyes from single and multi-adsorptive systems with related studies. Chemosphere. 2021; 281 ():130706.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChandi Patra; E. Suganya; Senthilkumar Sivaprakasam; G. Krishnamoorthy; Selvaraju Narayanasamy. 2021. "A detailed insight on fabricated porous chitosan in eliminating synthetic anionic dyes from single and multi-adsorptive systems with related studies." Chemosphere 281, no. : 130706.
Mesoporous magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4NPs) were synthesized by using the leaf extract of Mussaenda erythrophylla (ME) by a cheap and simple method – green synthesis. The synthesized Fe3O4[email protected] were characterized by various techniques. A strong absorption spectrum without any specific peak in the UV–vis image designated the formation of iron-containing nanoparticles. XRD image confirmed the presence of only magnetite and the purity was ascertained by the absence of other forms of iron-containing nanoparticles. The average crystallite size was calculated as 18.58 nm and the lattice parameter was 8.38 Å which was close to the magnetite standards. FE-SEM image portrayed spherical aggregates and EDS showed signature peaks for Fe and O elements. XPS image showed the presence of peaks for oxygen, ferrous, and ferric ions which are consistent with magnetite along with carbon on the surface. Mesoporous structure (5.78 nm) was affirmed by BET results which showed a higher surface area (174.15 m2/g) than the commercial one. The FTIR bands obtained at 454.25 and 667.39 cm−1 corresponded to the distinctive Fe–O linkage, substantiating the formation of magnetite. The stability of the magnetite at very high temperature was validated by TGA results which showed a 15% total reduction in weight. The magnetite showed superparamagnetism with a low saturation magnetization value (5.14 emu/g) which confirmed the existence of non-magnetic surface layers arising from the phytomolecules residing in the leaf extract of M. erythrophylla. Hence, the pure, crystalline, and mesoporous Fe3O4[email protected] with large surface area obtained by the above-mentioned facile procedure will surely make an impact in many areas such as catalysis, adsorption, and biomedical engineering.
Ramesh Vinayagam; Chenxi Zhou; Shraddha Pai; Thivaharan Varadavenkatesan; Manoj Kumar Narasimhan; Selvaraju Narayanasamy; Raja Selvaraj. Structural characterization of green synthesized magnetic mesoporous [email protected] Materials Chemistry and Physics 2021, 262, 124323 .
AMA StyleRamesh Vinayagam, Chenxi Zhou, Shraddha Pai, Thivaharan Varadavenkatesan, Manoj Kumar Narasimhan, Selvaraju Narayanasamy, Raja Selvaraj. Structural characterization of green synthesized magnetic mesoporous [email protected] Materials Chemistry and Physics. 2021; 262 ():124323.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRamesh Vinayagam; Chenxi Zhou; Shraddha Pai; Thivaharan Varadavenkatesan; Manoj Kumar Narasimhan; Selvaraju Narayanasamy; Raja Selvaraj. 2021. "Structural characterization of green synthesized magnetic mesoporous [email protected]" Materials Chemistry and Physics 262, no. : 124323.
This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and biosorption properties of starch nanocrystals (SNC). The characterization of synthesized SNC was done using various analytical techniques like microscopic and spectroscopic analysis. The antioxidant property was determined using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay and metal ion chelating assay. SNC showed the highest scavenging activity of 70.03 ± 0.74% at 100 µg/mL concentration. Protein denaturation assay and proteinase inhibitory assay depicted the anti-inflammatory property of SNC. The results revealed that the maximum inhibition activity was found at 100 µg/mL with 72.71% inhibition. The maximum removal efficiency was found to be 83.42% at pH 2.0 with 0.15 g biosorbent. As the pH increases, biosorption capacity of SNC were reduced from 8.17 to 6.30 mg/g and the efficiency of the dye removal was decreased from 80.95 to 36.01%. The shape of synthesized SNC was spherical nanoplatelets and it shows agglomeration. The Langmuir isotherm model is best suited for the biosorption experiments with the R2 value of 0.986. SNC were subjected to cytotoxic and phytotoxic evaluation. Cell viability and phytotoxic assays proves the non-toxic nature of the SNC.
V. Vishnu Priyan; Tasrin Shahnaz; Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara; Varsha Rana; Muthupandian Saravanan; Selvaraju Narayanasamy. Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Biosorption Properties of Starch Nanocrystals In Vitro Study: Cytotoxic and Phytotoxic Evaluation. Journal of Cluster Science 2020, 1 -12.
AMA StyleV. Vishnu Priyan, Tasrin Shahnaz, Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara, Varsha Rana, Muthupandian Saravanan, Selvaraju Narayanasamy. Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Biosorption Properties of Starch Nanocrystals In Vitro Study: Cytotoxic and Phytotoxic Evaluation. Journal of Cluster Science. 2020; ():1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleV. Vishnu Priyan; Tasrin Shahnaz; Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara; Varsha Rana; Muthupandian Saravanan; Selvaraju Narayanasamy. 2020. "Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Biosorption Properties of Starch Nanocrystals In Vitro Study: Cytotoxic and Phytotoxic Evaluation." Journal of Cluster Science , no. : 1-12.
Present study deals with the adsorption of antibiotic Ciprofloxacin (CPXO) and anti-inflammatory agent Diclofenac (DCF) on Grass nanocellulose (GNC) extracted from Cyprus rotundas grass. The adsorbent GNC was characterised with various microscopic, elemental and spectroscopic analysis to monitor physicochemical alterations of the surface before and after adsorption. The size of the converted nanocellulose was found to be 40-50 nm. Experimental measures influencing the adsorption of CPXO and DCF that were optimised are initial solution pH, GNC dosage, temperature and initial concentration of adsorbate. Halsey isotherm model and pseudo-second order kinetic model agreed best with experimental outcome for both the adsorbate. Maximum adsorption capacity of GNC were 227.223 and 192.307 mg/g for CPXO and DCF respectively. Phytotoxicity studies were performed using 6 different types of seeds to evaluate the effect of GNC treated effluent on plants. Similarly acute fish toxicity on zebra fish analysis showed to have lesser mortality rate of the effluent after adsorption of CPXO and DCF on GNC.
Tasrin Shahnaz; V. Vishnu Priyan; Sivakumar Pandian; Selvaraju Narayanasamy. Use of Nanocellulose extracted from grass for adsorption abatement of Ciprofloxacin and Diclofenac removal with phyto, and fish toxicity studies. Environmental Pollution 2020, 268, 115494 .
AMA StyleTasrin Shahnaz, V. Vishnu Priyan, Sivakumar Pandian, Selvaraju Narayanasamy. Use of Nanocellulose extracted from grass for adsorption abatement of Ciprofloxacin and Diclofenac removal with phyto, and fish toxicity studies. Environmental Pollution. 2020; 268 ():115494.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTasrin Shahnaz; V. Vishnu Priyan; Sivakumar Pandian; Selvaraju Narayanasamy. 2020. "Use of Nanocellulose extracted from grass for adsorption abatement of Ciprofloxacin and Diclofenac removal with phyto, and fish toxicity studies." Environmental Pollution 268, no. : 115494.
Microporous α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized by employing the extract of Spondias dulcis leaves by green-synthesis technique for the first time. The nanoparticles were characterized by many techniques. A continual absorption band without any peak in UV-vis spectrum and a strong signal for iron and oxygen atoms in EDS confirmed the formation of iron-oxide nanoparticles. Rod-like structures with few aggregations due to magnetic interactions were witnessed in FE-SEM image. Specific peaks belonging to α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were observed in XRD spectrum, and they were very pure and crystalline with a mean particle diameter of 11.38 nm. XPS analysis confirmed oxidation state of Fe and O and portrayed the presence of α-Fe2O3. A relatively higher surface area (190.84 m2/g) than reported green-synthesized α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles has been obtained by BET analysis, and the pores were microscopic (0.465 nm) in nature. Signature bands for Fe-O (1136 cm−1) and organic moieties stretching vibrations were confirmed by FTIR spectrum. The point of zero charge was determined as 7.97 which is concordant with the published value for α-Fe2O3. The thermal stability was ascertained by TGA which showed 28% weight loss. The synthesized α-Fe2O3 were superparamagnetic with a very high saturation magnetization value of 34.46 emu/g. Besides, a probable mechanism for the synthesis of microporous α-Fe2O3 has been proposed. Therefore, the highly pure, crystalline, and microporous α-Fe2O3 with high surface area, synthesized by this green synthesis method could play a significant role in various fields.
Ramesh Vinayagam; Shraddha Pai; Thivaharan Varadavenkatesan; Manoj Kumar Narasimhan; Selvaraju Narayanasamy; Raja Selvaraj. Structural characterization of green synthesized α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles using the leaf extract of Spondias dulcis. Surfaces and Interfaces 2020, 20, 100618 .
AMA StyleRamesh Vinayagam, Shraddha Pai, Thivaharan Varadavenkatesan, Manoj Kumar Narasimhan, Selvaraju Narayanasamy, Raja Selvaraj. Structural characterization of green synthesized α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles using the leaf extract of Spondias dulcis. Surfaces and Interfaces. 2020; 20 ():100618.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRamesh Vinayagam; Shraddha Pai; Thivaharan Varadavenkatesan; Manoj Kumar Narasimhan; Selvaraju Narayanasamy; Raja Selvaraj. 2020. "Structural characterization of green synthesized α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles using the leaf extract of Spondias dulcis." Surfaces and Interfaces 20, no. : 100618.
Diclofenac (DCF), a persistent pharmaceutical micropollutant which occurs in the ecosystems causing adverse effects on aquatic as well as terrestrial organisms. In this study, magnetic sawdust (MSD) was prepared using co-precipitation method for biosorptive removal of DCF from water. The MSD was characterized using various analytical techniques like microscopic and spectroscopic analysis. Magnetometer study confirms the ferromagnetic behavior of the biosorbent which is a key advantage in the separation of MSD after biosorption. The effect of experimental parameters was optimized in batch mode with evaluated maximum efficiency of 86.12 % at pH 6, biosorbent dosage 25 mg for 50 mg/L of DCF. Ecotoxicological assessment has been performed for the treated and untreated sample using plant seeds, microbes and zebra fish to check the adverse effects of DCF on these organisms. Evaluation of toxicity studies revealed that inhibition concentration of DCF for various seeds (60.91 mg/L to 43.11 mg/L), E. coli (48.82 μg/mL) and B. subtilis (31.55 μg/mL). The lethal concentration of DCF on the Danio rerio was found to be 156.99 mg/L. In contrast, significant increase in both the concentration measures of DCF after biosorption was observed making this biosorbent a potent alternative to other available treatment measures.
V. Vishnu Priyan; Tasrin Shahnaz; E. Suganya; Senthilkumar Sivaprakasam; Selvaraju Narayanasamy. Ecotoxicological assessment of micropollutant Diclofenac biosorption on magnetic sawdust: Phyto, Microbial and Fish toxicity studies. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2020, 403, 123532 .
AMA StyleV. Vishnu Priyan, Tasrin Shahnaz, E. Suganya, Senthilkumar Sivaprakasam, Selvaraju Narayanasamy. Ecotoxicological assessment of micropollutant Diclofenac biosorption on magnetic sawdust: Phyto, Microbial and Fish toxicity studies. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2020; 403 ():123532.
Chicago/Turabian StyleV. Vishnu Priyan; Tasrin Shahnaz; E. Suganya; Senthilkumar Sivaprakasam; Selvaraju Narayanasamy. 2020. "Ecotoxicological assessment of micropollutant Diclofenac biosorption on magnetic sawdust: Phyto, Microbial and Fish toxicity studies." Journal of Hazardous Materials 403, no. : 123532.
Microfluidic devices are highly efficient in providing higher mass transfer rates due to the enormous interfacial area created by the high surface to volume ratio. The droplet flow microfluidic devices can serve as an efficient process platform for the reactive extraction of various carboxylic acids from dilute aqueous solutions but many of the process characteristics of these kind of processes are not well studied especially in very long microchannels. In this work, the effort has been made to analyze the mass transfer behavior of very long microchannels during reactive extraction of citric acid from aqueous solutions of different concentrations in a uniform circular, 0.9 mm diameter droplet flow microfluidic contactor using Tri-n-Octylamine (TOA) in 1-decanol. The above complexation process has been confirmed to be a kinetically controlled slow reaction. The devised microfluidic systems were delivering higher efficiency than conventional contactors used for liquid-liquid extraction. It has also been found that the residence time, TOA concentration, and interfacial area were the important factors that influence the extraction performance. Novel flow schemes developed and presented in this work were successful in manipulating the above influencing factors which were useful to increase the extraction performance or to reduce the length of the microchannel. The newly developed flow schemes for the flow modification found to be very efficient in increasing the extraction performance in long microsystems.
Eldho Abraham; Anuvind Prabhu; Bhuvaneshwari Soundarajan; Selvaraju Narayanasamy. Experimental Study on Influencing Factors of Microfluidic Reactive Extraction of Citric Acid Using TOA in 1-Decanol and Flow Schemes for Performance Improvement. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2020, 59, 15343 -15356.
AMA StyleEldho Abraham, Anuvind Prabhu, Bhuvaneshwari Soundarajan, Selvaraju Narayanasamy. Experimental Study on Influencing Factors of Microfluidic Reactive Extraction of Citric Acid Using TOA in 1-Decanol and Flow Schemes for Performance Improvement. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. 2020; 59 (34):15343-15356.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEldho Abraham; Anuvind Prabhu; Bhuvaneshwari Soundarajan; Selvaraju Narayanasamy. 2020. "Experimental Study on Influencing Factors of Microfluidic Reactive Extraction of Citric Acid Using TOA in 1-Decanol and Flow Schemes for Performance Improvement." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 59, no. 34: 15343-15356.
Fundamental understanding of cellulose fibre composite with tailor-made personalization has contributed to a diverse range of high-end engineering applications. In this study, nanocellulose was synthesized from cellulose via the top-down method and chemical polymerization of pyrrole to make nanocellulose embedded polypyrrole composite. This modification provides superior properties, enhanced functionality and application in dye removal. This work may serve as an alternative for the conventional method for removing dye from industrial effluent, providing an essential, fascinating field of cellulose-based nanocomposite application. The goal is to study the application of the composite for the removal of direct blue 6 and bromophenol blue in unary and binary systems. The results show satisfactory removal of the dyes with 99.18, 96.32 and 98.77% for direct blue, bromophenol blue and binary system. To provide evidence about the clarity of the effluent after treating with the synthesized adsorbent, seed toxicity is performed where root length and % germination were used as a key metric.
S. Tasrin; S. Mohamed Madhar Fazil; S. Senthilmurugan; N. Selvaraju. Facile preparation of nanocellulose embedded polypyrrole for dye removal: unary and binary process optimization and seed toxicity. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 2020, 18, 365 -378.
AMA StyleS. Tasrin, S. Mohamed Madhar Fazil, S. Senthilmurugan, N. Selvaraju. Facile preparation of nanocellulose embedded polypyrrole for dye removal: unary and binary process optimization and seed toxicity. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 2020; 18 (2):365-378.
Chicago/Turabian StyleS. Tasrin; S. Mohamed Madhar Fazil; S. Senthilmurugan; N. Selvaraju. 2020. "Facile preparation of nanocellulose embedded polypyrrole for dye removal: unary and binary process optimization and seed toxicity." International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 18, no. 2: 365-378.
Current study deals with the surface modification of acid activated carbon (prepared from Pongamia pinnata shells) with Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and its role as an adsorbent in eliminating anionic azo dyes viz. Congo red (CR) and Direct blue 6 (DB) from single and binary adsorptive systems. Binary adsorptive system involved the synergistic and antagonistic influence of one dye over the adsorption of other dye. Physico-chemical alterations due to surfactant modification and post adsorption were studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM), Zeta Potential, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), surface area analysis and Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Process parameters influencing efficient adsorption of CR and DB species viz. initial pH of dye solution, adsorbent dosage, incubation temperature and initial concentration of dye species were optimised. Sorbate-sorbent interaction studies for single adsorptive system revealed sorbate’s monolayer formation over adsorbent’s surface and the involvement of chemisorption, as verified by Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second order model, respectively. Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity of the adsorbent was 555.56 mg/g for CR and 625.00 mg/g for DB. Meanwhile, for binary adsorptive system, competitive Langmuir model verified both CR and DB had antagonistic/competitive effect over each other’s adsorption. Thermodynamic analysis revealed the adsorptive process as exothermic, spontaneous and thermodynamically favourable with an elevated degree of dis-orderedness. Co-existing cations and anions has nominal effect on the adsorption capacity of dyes. Recyclability studies verified a modest efficiency of 62.52% for CR and 50.47% for DB species after the end of 4th adsorption-desorption cycle; thus affirming its recyclability potential. Phytotoxic assay affirmed the effectivity of the adsorbent in adsorbing dye species from aqueous solutions using Vigna mungo seeds as the model.
Chandi Patra; Rishabh Gupta; Das Bedadeep; Selvaraju Narayanasamy. Surface treated acid-activated carbon for adsorption of anionic azo dyes from single and binary adsorptive systems: A detail insight. Environmental Pollution 2020, 266, 115102 .
AMA StyleChandi Patra, Rishabh Gupta, Das Bedadeep, Selvaraju Narayanasamy. Surface treated acid-activated carbon for adsorption of anionic azo dyes from single and binary adsorptive systems: A detail insight. Environmental Pollution. 2020; 266 ():115102.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChandi Patra; Rishabh Gupta; Das Bedadeep; Selvaraju Narayanasamy. 2020. "Surface treated acid-activated carbon for adsorption of anionic azo dyes from single and binary adsorptive systems: A detail insight." Environmental Pollution 266, no. : 115102.
Hexavalent chromium tolerant non-pathogenic fungi isolated from lab waste were used for the reduction of toxic Cr(VI) (hexavalent chromium) from simulated and tannery effluent. The fungal cells were identified as Trichoderma asperellum (T. asperellum) through genomic DNA sequencing. Surface morphology of the cells and the functional groups embedded on their cells were studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The minimum inhibitory Cr(VI) concentration that the cells can tolerate was determined to be 11.53 mM. The effect of batch parameters influencing Cr(VI) reduction was numerically optimized by three parameter Box–Behnken response surface model (RSM) to evaluate two responses, Cr(VI) removal percentage and residual Cr(VI) concentration. The optimized process parameters for a maximum Cr(VI) removal of 86.73% and residual Cr(VI) concentration of 0.2013 mM were found to be pH 3.29, temperature 301 K and an initial Cr(VI) concentration of 1.33 mM. Crude extracellular and intracellular enzymes have been isolated and their activities over Cr(VI) reduction were determined as 0.0582 mM min−1 mL−1 and 0.0135 mM min−1 mL−1 respectively. Michelis–Menten parameters (Vmax and Km) of the enzymatic Cr(VI) reduction were depicted as 0.0015 mM s−1 and 13.11 mM respectively. Tannery effluent containing an initial Cr(VI) concentration of 1.023 mM was reduced to 0.446 mM with the cells at optimum conditions. The results showed that free T. asperellum cells can be utilized for detoxification of simulated and real Cr(VI) containing aqueous solutions.
Saranya N; Suganya E; Selvaraju Narayanasamy; Senthilkumar Sivaprakasam; Sivasubramanian V.; Sivakumar Pandian; Raja Selvaraj. 3-level Box–Behnkenoptimization of hexavalent chromium reduction by chromate resistant Trichoderma asperellum cells from simulated and industrial effluent. Environmental Technology & Innovation 2020, 19, 101024 .
AMA StyleSaranya N, Suganya E, Selvaraju Narayanasamy, Senthilkumar Sivaprakasam, Sivasubramanian V., Sivakumar Pandian, Raja Selvaraj. 3-level Box–Behnkenoptimization of hexavalent chromium reduction by chromate resistant Trichoderma asperellum cells from simulated and industrial effluent. Environmental Technology & Innovation. 2020; 19 ():101024.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSaranya N; Suganya E; Selvaraju Narayanasamy; Senthilkumar Sivaprakasam; Sivasubramanian V.; Sivakumar Pandian; Raja Selvaraj. 2020. "3-level Box–Behnkenoptimization of hexavalent chromium reduction by chromate resistant Trichoderma asperellum cells from simulated and industrial effluent." Environmental Technology & Innovation 19, no. : 101024.
Adsorptive removal of emerging contaminants like antibiotics from aqueous systems having one or more antibiotics using acid activated carbon have rarely been studied and reported. Current study deals with the adsorptive removal of individual antibiotic species i.e. Ciprofloxacin (CIP) and Amoxicillin (AMX) from single (CIP and AMX) and binary (CIP + AMX) adsorption systems using acid activated carbon prepared from Prosopis juliflora wood (PPJ). Binary adsorption system involved the synergistic and antagonistic influence of one antibiotic over the adsorption of other antibiotic. Physico-chemical alterations of PPJ surface due to acid activation and after adsorption were characterized for any surface modification. Parameters influencing the efficient adsorption of CIP and AMX viz. Initial pH of antibiotic solution, dosage of PPJ, sorbent-sorbate incubation temperature and initial concentration of antibiotic species were optimized. Sorbate-sorbent interaction studies for single system revealed sorbate's monolayer formation over adsorbent's surface and the involvement of chemisorption as verified by Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second order model respectively. For single system, Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity of PPJ was 250 mg/g for CIP and 714.29 mg/g for AMX. Meanwhile, competitive Langmuir model was used to investigate adsorption capacity of individual antibiotics in binary system i.e. 370.37 mg/g for CIP and 482.14 mg/g for AMX thus verifying CIP has antagonistic effect on AMX adsorption and AMX has synergistic effect on CIP adsorption on PPJ surface. Recyclability studies verified the PPJ can be used up to 4 cycles and co-existing cationic and anionic salts had minimal effect on the adsorption of antibiotics over PPJ surface. Conclusively PPJ proved efficient in eliminating emerging contaminants like that of antibiotics and thus it can be exploited for other grades of pollutants.
ArunKumar Chandrasekaran; Chandi Patra; Selvaraju Narayanasamy; Senthilmurugan Subbiah. Adsorptive removal of Ciprofloxacin and Amoxicillin from single and binary aqueous systems using acid-activated carbon from Prosopis juliflora. Environmental Research 2020, 188, 109825 .
AMA StyleArunKumar Chandrasekaran, Chandi Patra, Selvaraju Narayanasamy, Senthilmurugan Subbiah. Adsorptive removal of Ciprofloxacin and Amoxicillin from single and binary aqueous systems using acid-activated carbon from Prosopis juliflora. Environmental Research. 2020; 188 ():109825.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArunKumar Chandrasekaran; Chandi Patra; Selvaraju Narayanasamy; Senthilmurugan Subbiah. 2020. "Adsorptive removal of Ciprofloxacin and Amoxicillin from single and binary aqueous systems using acid-activated carbon from Prosopis juliflora." Environmental Research 188, no. : 109825.
Efficacy of Eucalyptus camaldulensis seeds in raw (ECS) and phosphoric acid activated form (PECS) in the remediation of Cr(VI) from simulated and electroplating waste has been checked in this study. Structural and physico-chemical characterization of the biosorbents have been elucidated using CHNS, Mercury intrusion porosimetry, FTIR and SEM-EDAX analyses. Batch parameters like dose of biosorbent, pH, contact time, speed of contact, temperature were optimized for a maximum removal of 91.44% for ECS and 98.27% for PECS. Monolayer adsorption capacity for ECS and PECs were found to be 35.3 ± 4.84 mg/g and 51.93 ± 8.11mg/g respectively, elucidated from the nonlinear isotherm analysis. Freundlich Model fitted well for both the biosorbents in removing Cr(VI) at optimum conditions. Interaction of Cr(VI) with ECS and PCES was explained more suitably by kinetics. Pseudo second order model fitting for ECS and PECS revealed that the process followed multilayered chemisorption. Thermodynamic studies confirmed the adsorption of Cr(VI) by ECS and PECS are energetically favorable, stable and exothermic. Continuous column operations for maximum removal of Cr(VI) were optimized for Column bed-height, Initial Cr(VI) concentration and Initial flow rate. Column performances were checked with Adams–Bohart, Thomas, Yoon–Nelson and Bed Depth Service Time (BDST) models. Efficacy of PECS in removing Cr(VI) from real effluent was checked using electroplating effluent containing 190 mg/L of Cr(VI) and resulted with 45.35% removal. Thorough experimental findings showed that PECS is a feasible biosorbent that can remediate Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions effectively.
Suganya E.; Saranya N.; Senthilkumar Sivaprakasam; Lity Alen Varghese; Selvaraju Narayanasamy. Experimentation on raw and phosphoric acid activated Eucalyptuscamadulensis seeds as novel biosorbents for hexavalent chromium removal from simulated and electroplating effluents. Environmental Technology & Innovation 2020, 19, 100977 .
AMA StyleSuganya E., Saranya N., Senthilkumar Sivaprakasam, Lity Alen Varghese, Selvaraju Narayanasamy. Experimentation on raw and phosphoric acid activated Eucalyptuscamadulensis seeds as novel biosorbents for hexavalent chromium removal from simulated and electroplating effluents. Environmental Technology & Innovation. 2020; 19 ():100977.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSuganya E.; Saranya N.; Senthilkumar Sivaprakasam; Lity Alen Varghese; Selvaraju Narayanasamy. 2020. "Experimentation on raw and phosphoric acid activated Eucalyptuscamadulensis seeds as novel biosorbents for hexavalent chromium removal from simulated and electroplating effluents." Environmental Technology & Innovation 19, no. : 100977.
The current study deals with the adsorption of hexavalent chromium using acid (H3PO4)-activated water caltrop (Trapa natans) shell (PWCS) using an up-flow packed bed column. Characteristics of breakthrough curve was obtained by investigating the effect of several operating parameters viz. inlet flow rate (2–6 mL/min), initial metal ion concentration (50–150 mg/L), and adsorbent’s column bed height (1–3 cm). Elevated time of breakthrough curve was reported with elevated adsorbent bed height and vice versa with enhanced initial metal concentration and inlet flow rate of sorbate solution. Process design and breakthrough curves under varying conditions were predicted by applying column models like Thomas model, Adams–Bohart model, Yoon Nelson model, and bed depth service Time (BDST). Column behavior was better described by the BDST and Thomas model and simultaneously gave a good fit with the experimental data of breakthrough curves. The percentage removal for Cr(VI) from aqueous solution having pH 2 and temperature 303.15 K was observed to be 52.46%. The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 87.31 mg/g according to the Thomas model. Conclusively, phosphoric acid–modified T. natans shell (PWCS) showed better sorption potential for of Cr(VI) species from simulated wastewater.
Shravan Kumar; Chandi Patra; Selvaraju Narayanasamy; Prasanna Venkatesh Rajaraman. Performance of acid-activated water caltrop (Trapa natans) shell in fixed bed column for hexavalent chromium removal from simulated wastewater. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 27, 28042 -28052.
AMA StyleShravan Kumar, Chandi Patra, Selvaraju Narayanasamy, Prasanna Venkatesh Rajaraman. Performance of acid-activated water caltrop (Trapa natans) shell in fixed bed column for hexavalent chromium removal from simulated wastewater. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 27 (22):28042-28052.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShravan Kumar; Chandi Patra; Selvaraju Narayanasamy; Prasanna Venkatesh Rajaraman. 2020. "Performance of acid-activated water caltrop (Trapa natans) shell in fixed bed column for hexavalent chromium removal from simulated wastewater." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 22: 28042-28052.
Dyes, organic solvents and oils pose a serious threat to the water resources and this is of immense global concern. For the removal of such harmful materials from wastewater, a novel aerogel was synthesized from a hydrogel precursor, formed by incorporating nano bentonite into the dialdehyde nanocellulose and carboxymethyl chitosan mesh. The material showed exceptional adsorption capacity towards diverse pollutants like dyes, organic solvents, and oils. This ultralight aerogel yielded maximum dye removal capacity up to 29.842 g g-1 and 20.927 g g-1 within the first 5 min of the reaction, over a wide range of pH towards Bromophenol blue and Direct Blue 6 respectively and up to 50 times of its own weight in case of oil and organic solvents. This eco-friendly aerogel showed a slight drop in the adsorption capacity after ten cycles of oil and organic solvents, which paves a path in its application in the removal of multiple classes of the pollutant from wastewater.
Vivek Sharma; Tasrin Shahnaz; Senthilmurugan Subbiah; Selvaraju Narayanasamy. New Insights into the Remediation of Water Pollutants using Nanobentonite Incorporated Nanocellulose Chitosan Based Aerogel. Journal of Polymers and the Environment 2020, 28, 2008 -2019.
AMA StyleVivek Sharma, Tasrin Shahnaz, Senthilmurugan Subbiah, Selvaraju Narayanasamy. New Insights into the Remediation of Water Pollutants using Nanobentonite Incorporated Nanocellulose Chitosan Based Aerogel. Journal of Polymers and the Environment. 2020; 28 (7):2008-2019.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVivek Sharma; Tasrin Shahnaz; Senthilmurugan Subbiah; Selvaraju Narayanasamy. 2020. "New Insights into the Remediation of Water Pollutants using Nanobentonite Incorporated Nanocellulose Chitosan Based Aerogel." Journal of Polymers and the Environment 28, no. 7: 2008-2019.
In this study, tailor made Nanobentonite incorporated Nanocellulose/Chitosan aerogel (NCNB) has been used to study its metal adsorption capacity from simulated wastewater. The aerogel was characterised with FESEM, AFM, EDX, XRD, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy and found the successful conversion to the desired adsorbent in nano dimension. This NCNB was used for optimisation of Chromium, Cobalt and Copper adsorption. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was implemented to derive the binary correlation between various experimental parameters such as initial metal concentration, pH, adsorbent mass and temperature using Central Composite Design (CCD). The regression coefficients were evaluated which validated second order polynomial equation for the remediation of Cr, Co and Cu with NCNB. The maximum adsorption efficiencies under the optimum condition of the process parameters for Cr, Co and Cu removal were found to be 98.90, 97.45 and 99.01 % respectively. Co efficient of determination, R2 for Cr, Co and Cu were 0.9796, 0.8973 and 0.9321 respectively. Halsey isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model agreed well with the experimental data for all the three metals. Thermodynamics study showed the metal adsorption was spontaneous, endothermic and feasible in nature. These data imperatively show that use of this aerogel can be a good alternative to the expensive methods of heavy metal remediation.
Tasrin Shahnaz; Vivek Sharma; Senthilmurugan Subbiah; Selvaraju Narayanasamy. Multivariate optimisation of Cr (VI), Co (III) and Cu (II) adsorption onto nanobentonite incorporated nanocellulose/chitosan aerogel using response surface methodology. Journal of Water Process Engineering 2020, 36, 101283 .
AMA StyleTasrin Shahnaz, Vivek Sharma, Senthilmurugan Subbiah, Selvaraju Narayanasamy. Multivariate optimisation of Cr (VI), Co (III) and Cu (II) adsorption onto nanobentonite incorporated nanocellulose/chitosan aerogel using response surface methodology. Journal of Water Process Engineering. 2020; 36 ():101283.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTasrin Shahnaz; Vivek Sharma; Senthilmurugan Subbiah; Selvaraju Narayanasamy. 2020. "Multivariate optimisation of Cr (VI), Co (III) and Cu (II) adsorption onto nanobentonite incorporated nanocellulose/chitosan aerogel using response surface methodology." Journal of Water Process Engineering 36, no. : 101283.
Biosorption of Cr(VI) on sulfuric and phosphoric acid–treated Datura stramonium fruit was investigated in batch mode. The various parameters that influence the biosorption process such as Cr(VI) initial concentration, biosorbent dosage, contact time, temperature, and pH value were optimized. Both linear and non-linear regression analysis of isotherm data suggest that Langmuir isotherm model mimics the behavior of Cr(VI) ion biosorption onto Datura stramonium fruit biosorbent. The maximum Cr(VI) ions adsorption capacity of 138.074 mg/g at pH 2 is achieved with phosphoric acid treated Datura stramonium (PDSF). The kinetics of adsorption process is well described by pseudo-second-order model with high R2 and low χ2 value. The estimated activation energy of < 8 kJ/mol obtained for both raw and chemically modified adsorbents suggests that the adsorption occurs mainly via physisorption. Besides, thermodynamic results reveal that biosorption of Cr(VI) on both treated and untreated Datura stramonium was endothermic, spontaneous, and randomness in nature.
Shravan Kumar; Tasrin Shahnaz; N. Selvaraju; Prasanna Venkatesh Rajaraman. Kinetic and thermodynamic studies on biosorption of Cr(VI) on raw and chemically modified Datura stramonium fruit. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 2020, 192, 1 -24.
AMA StyleShravan Kumar, Tasrin Shahnaz, N. Selvaraju, Prasanna Venkatesh Rajaraman. Kinetic and thermodynamic studies on biosorption of Cr(VI) on raw and chemically modified Datura stramonium fruit. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 2020; 192 (4):1-24.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShravan Kumar; Tasrin Shahnaz; N. Selvaraju; Prasanna Venkatesh Rajaraman. 2020. "Kinetic and thermodynamic studies on biosorption of Cr(VI) on raw and chemically modified Datura stramonium fruit." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 192, no. 4: 1-24.
In the present work, biosorption potential of zinc chloride activated biomass of Phanera vahlii fruit was investigated for abatement of hexavalent chromium from synthetic solution in continuous mode. Zinc chloride activation provided the activated carbon with large surface area and pore volume. The parameters influencing continuous adsorption process viz. flow rate, bed height and initial metal concentration were considered as 5–15 mL/min, 2–8 cm and 50–200 mg/L, respectively and optimized. With increase in bed height, the breakthrough time increased while with increase in initial metal concentration and flow rate, the breakthrough time declined. It was discovered that the continuous column adsorption models viz. Thomas and Yoon–Nelson fitted better with the experimental data as compared to Adams-Bohart and Bed Depth Service time (BDST). In conclusion, it was discovered that zinc chloride activated Phanera vahlii fruit biomass is a promising adsorbent for adsorption of hexavalent chromium in continuous mode.
Abhishek Ajmani; Chandi Patra; Senthilmurugan Subbiah; Selvaraju Narayanasamy. Packed bed column studies of hexavalent chromium adsorption by zinc chloride activated carbon synthesized from Phanera vahlii fruit biomass. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 2020, 8, 103825 .
AMA StyleAbhishek Ajmani, Chandi Patra, Senthilmurugan Subbiah, Selvaraju Narayanasamy. Packed bed column studies of hexavalent chromium adsorption by zinc chloride activated carbon synthesized from Phanera vahlii fruit biomass. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. 2020; 8 (4):103825.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbhishek Ajmani; Chandi Patra; Senthilmurugan Subbiah; Selvaraju Narayanasamy. 2020. "Packed bed column studies of hexavalent chromium adsorption by zinc chloride activated carbon synthesized from Phanera vahlii fruit biomass." Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 8, no. 4: 103825.