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Jerome Grant
Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA

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Journal article
Published: 15 October 2020 in Sustainability
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ACS Style

Wanwan Liang; Liem Tran; Jerome Grant; Vivek Srivastava. Estimating Invasion Dynamics with Geopolitical Unit-Level Records: The Optimal Method Depends on Irregularity and Stochasticity of Spread. Sustainability 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Wanwan Liang, Liem Tran, Jerome Grant, Vivek Srivastava. Estimating Invasion Dynamics with Geopolitical Unit-Level Records: The Optimal Method Depends on Irregularity and Stochasticity of Spread. Sustainability. 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wanwan Liang; Liem Tran; Jerome Grant; Vivek Srivastava. 2020. "Estimating Invasion Dynamics with Geopolitical Unit-Level Records: The Optimal Method Depends on Irregularity and Stochasticity of Spread." Sustainability , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 12 February 2020 in Remote Sensing
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Mapping vegetation species is critical to facilitate related quantitative assessment, and mapping invasive plants is important to enhance monitoring and management activities. Integrating high-resolution multispectral remote-sensing (RS) images and lidar (light detection and ranging) point clouds can provide robust features for vegetation mapping. However, using multiple sources of high-resolution RS data for vegetation mapping on a large spatial scale can be both computationally and sampling intensive. Here, we designed a two-step classification workflow to potentially decrease computational cost and sampling effort and to increase classification accuracy by integrating multispectral and lidar data in order to derive spectral, textural, and structural features for mapping target vegetation species. We used this workflow to classify kudzu, an aggressive invasive vine, in the entire Knox County (1362 km2) of Tennessee (U.S.). Object-based image analysis was conducted in the workflow. The first-step classification used 320 kudzu samples and extensive, coarsely labeled samples (based on national land cover) to generate an overprediction map of kudzu using random forest (RF). For the second step, 350 samples were randomly extracted from the overpredicted kudzu and labeled manually for the final prediction using RF and support vector machine (SVM). Computationally intensive features were only used for the second-step classification. SVM had constantly better accuracy than RF, and the producer’s accuracy, user’s accuracy, and Kappa for the SVM model on kudzu were 0.94, 0.96, and 0.90, respectively. SVM predicted 1010 kudzu patches covering 1.29 km2 in Knox County. We found the sample size of kudzu used for algorithm training impacted the accuracy and number of kudzu predicted. The proposed workflow could also improve sampling efficiency and specificity. Our workflow had much higher accuracy than the traditional method conducted in this research, and could be easily implemented to map kudzu in other regions as well as map other vegetation species.

ACS Style

Wanwan Liang; Mongi Abidi; Luis Carrasco; Jack McNelis; Liem Tran; Yingkui Li; Jerome Grant. Mapping Vegetation at Species Level with High-Resolution Multispectral and Lidar Data Over a Large Spatial Area: A Case Study with Kudzu. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 609 .

AMA Style

Wanwan Liang, Mongi Abidi, Luis Carrasco, Jack McNelis, Liem Tran, Yingkui Li, Jerome Grant. Mapping Vegetation at Species Level with High-Resolution Multispectral and Lidar Data Over a Large Spatial Area: A Case Study with Kudzu. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (4):609.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wanwan Liang; Mongi Abidi; Luis Carrasco; Jack McNelis; Liem Tran; Yingkui Li; Jerome Grant. 2020. "Mapping Vegetation at Species Level with High-Resolution Multispectral and Lidar Data Over a Large Spatial Area: A Case Study with Kudzu." Remote Sensing 12, no. 4: 609.

Preprint content
Published: 02 January 2020
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Estimating invasion dynamic is important to the management of invasive species, and geopolitical-unit level data are usually the most abundant and available records of invasive species. Here, for the first time we evaluated performances and similarities of eight common methods to estimate spread pattern and spread dynamic of invasive species with geopolitical-unit level data, and assessed impacts of variations in geopolitical-units on each method using simulated spread data. We also formulated a concave hull boundary displacement method (i.e., CEB) and an area-based regression method (i.e., AER) for estimating spread with geopolitical-unit data. Three regions with different sized counties in the United States (U.S.) were selected to conduct simulations and three spread scenarios were simulated. R2 and root mean square error were used to evaluate the abilities of all methods to estimate spread. Correlation coefficients were used to assess the similarity pattern of all methods. Finally, kudzu bug Megacopta cribraria, an invasive insect in the U.S., was used as a case study to test the generality of some results concluded from the simulated research. We found the CEB and two regression methods consistently estimated the right expansion patterns. Two boundary displacement and two area-based regression methods estimated highly correlated spread and were the best four methods, among which CEB had the best estimation. Distance-based regression methods are sensitive to irregularity and stochasticity in spread, and the minimum spread distance method had low ability to estimate spread. The case study showed consistent results with the simulated research. Both regression and boundary displacement methods can estimate spread patterns, overall rate, and spread dynamics of invasive species. Boundary displacement methods best estimate spread rates and dynamics; however, for spread without clear infestation outlines, area-based regression methods can be good alternatives.

ACS Style

Wanwan Liang; Liem Tran; Gregory Wiggins; Jerome Grant. Estimating invasion dynamics with geopolitical-unit level records: performance and similarity of common methods using both simulated data and a real case. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Wanwan Liang, Liem Tran, Gregory Wiggins, Jerome Grant. Estimating invasion dynamics with geopolitical-unit level records: performance and similarity of common methods using both simulated data and a real case. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wanwan Liang; Liem Tran; Gregory Wiggins; Jerome Grant. 2020. "Estimating invasion dynamics with geopolitical-unit level records: performance and similarity of common methods using both simulated data and a real case." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 23 December 2019 in Biological Control
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Hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA), Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), is an invasive pest causing significant mortality to eastern and Carolina hemlock in eastern North America. Since 2003, management of HWA has included targeted release of the HWA predator Laricobius nigrinus Fender (Coleoptera: Derodontidae), native to western North America. Establishment of L. nigrinus at release sites is well documented, but investigations of its impact on HWA populations have been limited. A four-year (2014-2018), two-phase study using predator exclusion cages to assess the impact of L. nigrinus on HWA was conducted at nine previous release sites in the eastern United States. Significantly more HWA sistens ovisacs were disturbed on no-cage and open-cage branches than on caged branches where predators were excluded. Mean disturbance levels on cage, no-cage and open-cage branches was 8, 38, and 27 percent, respectively. Seven of nine sites had a mean HWA ovisac disturbance greater than 50% for at least one year. Winter temperatures were also a significant factor in overall mortality of the sistens generation with a mean of 46% on study branches. Six of nine sites had a mean overall mortality (winter mortality and predation) greater than 80% for at least one year. Larvae of Laricobius spp. were recovered at all sites during this study. Sequencing of the COI gene from recoveries in Phase One (2015 and 2016) indicated that 88% were L. nigrinus and 12% were L. rubidus LeConte. Microsatellite analysis performed during Phase Two (2017 and 2018) indicated that approximately 97% of larval recoveries were L. nigrinus, 2% were hybrids of L. nigrinus and L. rubidus, and 1% were L. rubidus. Results of this study suggest that L. nigrinus can significantly impact the HWA sistens generation ovisacs and continued investment in the use of this species as a biological control is recommended.

ACS Style

Carrie S. Jubb; Ariel R. Heminger; Albert E. Mayfield Iii; Joseph S. Elkinton; Gregory J. Wiggins; Jerome F. Grant; Jeffrey A. Lombardo; Thomas J. McAvoy; Ryan S. Crandall; Scott M. Salom. Impact of the introduced predator, Laricobius nigrinus, on ovisacs of the overwintering generation of hemlock woolly adelgid in the eastern United States. Biological Control 2019, 143, 104180 .

AMA Style

Carrie S. Jubb, Ariel R. Heminger, Albert E. Mayfield Iii, Joseph S. Elkinton, Gregory J. Wiggins, Jerome F. Grant, Jeffrey A. Lombardo, Thomas J. McAvoy, Ryan S. Crandall, Scott M. Salom. Impact of the introduced predator, Laricobius nigrinus, on ovisacs of the overwintering generation of hemlock woolly adelgid in the eastern United States. Biological Control. 2019; 143 ():104180.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carrie S. Jubb; Ariel R. Heminger; Albert E. Mayfield Iii; Joseph S. Elkinton; Gregory J. Wiggins; Jerome F. Grant; Jeffrey A. Lombardo; Thomas J. McAvoy; Ryan S. Crandall; Scott M. Salom. 2019. "Impact of the introduced predator, Laricobius nigrinus, on ovisacs of the overwintering generation of hemlock woolly adelgid in the eastern United States." Biological Control 143, no. : 104180.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2016 in Florida Entomologist
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Sumario Este estudio investigó el uso de trampas de emergencia para evaluar la densidad de Laricobius nigrinus Fender (Coleoptera: Derodontidae), un depredador del pulgón de la tsuga (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), en un área de liberación y establecimiento. Los resultados indican que las trampas pueden capturar de manera efectiva a los adultos emergentes y permiten la estimación sistemática de la población de L. nigrinus. La incorporación de este método en los esfuerzos de vigilancia futuras podrían permitir a la estimación de la población en toda el área de liberación de L. nigrinus, mejorando de este modo la evaluación de establecimiento y persistencia a largo plazo de este depredador.

ACS Style

Gregory Wiggins; Jerome F. Grant; James R. Rhea; Abdul Hakeem; Paris L. Lambdin. A Field-Based Method to Estimate Densities of Laricobius nigrinus (Coleoptera: Derodontidae), an Introduced Predator of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae). Florida Entomologist 2016, 99, 805 -807.

AMA Style

Gregory Wiggins, Jerome F. Grant, James R. Rhea, Abdul Hakeem, Paris L. Lambdin. A Field-Based Method to Estimate Densities of Laricobius nigrinus (Coleoptera: Derodontidae), an Introduced Predator of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae). Florida Entomologist. 2016; 99 (4):805-807.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gregory Wiggins; Jerome F. Grant; James R. Rhea; Abdul Hakeem; Paris L. Lambdin. 2016. "A Field-Based Method to Estimate Densities of Laricobius nigrinus (Coleoptera: Derodontidae), an Introduced Predator of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae)." Florida Entomologist 99, no. 4: 805-807.

Review
Published: 03 November 2016 in Forests
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Thousand Cankers Disease (TCD) is a disease complex wherein the fungus (Geosmithia morbida) is vectored by the walnut twig beetle (WTB, Pityophthorus juglandis). The disease causes mortality primarily of eastern black walnut (Juglans nigra), although other walnut and wingnut (Pterocarya) species are also susceptible. Black walnut is native to the Eastern and Midwestern U.S. but is widely planted in western states. Total standing volume in both urban and forested settings is approximately 96 million cubic meters, and is valued at $539 billion. Although native to the Southwestern U.S., the range of WTB has expanded considerably. The spread of G. morbida coincides with that of WTB. TCD was introduced into Tennessee in 2010, and has spread to seven eastern states. Trees infected with TCD exhibit drought-like symptoms, making field detection difficult without molecular and/or morphological methods. The recently sequenced G. morbida genome will provide valuable research tools focused on understanding gene interactions between organisms involved in TCD and mechanisms of pathogenicity. With no chemical treatments available, quarantine and sanitation are preeminent options for slowing the spread of TCD, although biological control agents have been discovered. High levels of black walnut mortality due to TCD will have far-reaching implications for both eastern and western states.

ACS Style

Dixie A. Daniels; Katheryne A. Nix; Phillip A. Wadl; Lisa M. Vito; Gregory J. Wiggins; Mark T. Windham; Bonnie H. Ownley; Paris L. Lambdin; Jerome F. Grant; Paul Merten; William E. Klingeman; Denita Hadziabdic. Thousand Cankers Disease Complex: A Forest Health Issue that Threatens Juglans Species across the U.S. Forests 2016, 7, 260 .

AMA Style

Dixie A. Daniels, Katheryne A. Nix, Phillip A. Wadl, Lisa M. Vito, Gregory J. Wiggins, Mark T. Windham, Bonnie H. Ownley, Paris L. Lambdin, Jerome F. Grant, Paul Merten, William E. Klingeman, Denita Hadziabdic. Thousand Cankers Disease Complex: A Forest Health Issue that Threatens Juglans Species across the U.S. Forests. 2016; 7 (12):260.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dixie A. Daniels; Katheryne A. Nix; Phillip A. Wadl; Lisa M. Vito; Gregory J. Wiggins; Mark T. Windham; Bonnie H. Ownley; Paris L. Lambdin; Jerome F. Grant; Paul Merten; William E. Klingeman; Denita Hadziabdic. 2016. "Thousand Cankers Disease Complex: A Forest Health Issue that Threatens Juglans Species across the U.S." Forests 7, no. 12: 260.

Journal article
Published: 29 September 2016 in Environmental Entomology
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From 2010 through 2013, adult emergence and seasonality of Laricobius nigrinus Fender, an introduced predatory species native to western North America, as well as hybridization with the native species Laricobius rubidus (LeConte), were evaluated using emergence traps and beat-sheet sampling in areas of previous release against hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand. The shortest emergence period of adult L. nigrinus was 7 wk beginning 22 October 2010, and the longest emergence was 15 wk beginning 17 October 2012. Native L. rubidus also were collected from emergence traps placed on the ground surface and beat-sheet samples all 3 yr, with emergence of L. rubidus initiating later than L. nigrinus each season. Seasonality of both Laricobius species was similar across a 44-mo study period. Adult L. nigrinus were present from October through April, and larvae of Laricobius spp. were collected from February to May. The average number of L. nigrinus from emergence traps was significantly greater than the average number of beetles collected from beat-sheet samples in 2010, while the converse was observed during 2012. Hybridization between L. nigrinus and L. rubidus was documented from 10.75% of specimens collected during 2010 and 2011, indicating periodic interbreeding between the introduced and native species. These findings suggest emergence trapping may be a useful method to assess establishment, population densities, and seasonality of Laricobius species in areas of release to enhance their use in management of A. tsuage.

ACS Style

Gregory J. Wiggins; Jerome F. Grant; James R. Rhea; Albert E. Mayfield; Abdul Hakeem; Paris L. Lambdin; A. B. Lamb Galloway. Emergence, Seasonality, and Hybridization ofLaricobius nigrinus(Coleoptera: Derodontidae), an Introduced Predator of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), in the Tennessee Appalachians. Environmental Entomology 2016, 45, 1371 -1378.

AMA Style

Gregory J. Wiggins, Jerome F. Grant, James R. Rhea, Albert E. Mayfield, Abdul Hakeem, Paris L. Lambdin, A. B. Lamb Galloway. Emergence, Seasonality, and Hybridization ofLaricobius nigrinus(Coleoptera: Derodontidae), an Introduced Predator of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), in the Tennessee Appalachians. Environmental Entomology. 2016; 45 (6):1371-1378.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gregory J. Wiggins; Jerome F. Grant; James R. Rhea; Albert E. Mayfield; Abdul Hakeem; Paris L. Lambdin; A. B. Lamb Galloway. 2016. "Emergence, Seasonality, and Hybridization ofLaricobius nigrinus(Coleoptera: Derodontidae), an Introduced Predator of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), in the Tennessee Appalachians." Environmental Entomology 45, no. 6: 1371-1378.

Journal article
Published: 19 July 2016 in Journal of Economic Entomology
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Hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae [Annand]), an invasive insect in the eastern United States, has caused widespread decline of eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carriére. Imidacloprid basal drench treatments were assessed 4–7 yr after a single treatment to determine hemlock woolly adelgid population suppression and effects on hemlock canopy health. The effects of sampling site, years post-treatment, and hemlock diameter at breast height (DBH) size classes were evaluated relative to imidacloprid treatment on hemlock woolly adelgid populations and hemlock canopy health characteristics. The influence of hemlock woolly adelgid populations on canopy health characteristics was also assessed. Imidacloprid treatments resulted in low-level hemlock woolly adelgid populations 7 yr post-treatment. Hemlock woolly adelgid was present on more hemlocks 7 yr compared with 4–6 yr post-treatment. Smaller hemlocks, dosed with 0.7 g active ingredient (AI)/2.5 cm DBH, had higher populations of hemlock woolly adelgid than the largest size class, which were treated at twice that dosage. Concentrations of imidacloprid and its olefin metabolite below the LC50 were sufficient for suppression of hemlock woolly adelgid populations, which suggests an additive effect of imidacloprid and olefin that compounds hemlock woolly adelgid mortality over many generations. Hemlock woolly adelgid populations observed in this study were too low to have an observable effect on hemlock canopy health, indicating that application intervals of up to 7 yr may be adequate to protect hemlocks.

ACS Style

E. P. Benton; J. F. Grant; R. J. Webster; R. S. Cowles; A. F. Lagalante; A. M. Saxton; R. J. Nichols; C. I. Coots. Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) Abundance and Hemlock Canopy Health Numerous Years After Imidacloprid Basal Drench Treatments: Implications for Management Programs. Journal of Economic Entomology 2016, 109, 2125 -2136.

AMA Style

E. P. Benton, J. F. Grant, R. J. Webster, R. S. Cowles, A. F. Lagalante, A. M. Saxton, R. J. Nichols, C. I. Coots. Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) Abundance and Hemlock Canopy Health Numerous Years After Imidacloprid Basal Drench Treatments: Implications for Management Programs. Journal of Economic Entomology. 2016; 109 (5):2125-2136.

Chicago/Turabian Style

E. P. Benton; J. F. Grant; R. J. Webster; R. S. Cowles; A. F. Lagalante; A. M. Saxton; R. J. Nichols; C. I. Coots. 2016. "Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) Abundance and Hemlock Canopy Health Numerous Years After Imidacloprid Basal Drench Treatments: Implications for Management Programs." Journal of Economic Entomology 109, no. 5: 2125-2136.

Journal article
Published: 20 January 2015 in Forests
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Extensive mortality of eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière, resulting from infestation by hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), has occurred throughout the eastern United States. Although imidacloprid treatment can reduce tree mortality, its effectiveness can be influenced by several factors including tree water stress. The relationship between water stress and infestation rates is unknown, and an understanding of these could greatly increase the efficiency of management for this invasive insect. The primary objective of this study was to assess water stress at three levels of hemlock woolly adelgid infestations. Water stress was measured monthly for 13 months in eastern hemlocks classified as 75% infested. The highest level of water stress was found in those trees with hemlock woolly adelgid infestation levels greater than 75%. The lowest level of water stress was found in those trees with less than 25% hemlock woolly adelgid infestation levels. Knowledge of these effects can contribute to development of more effective chemical management strategies.

ACS Style

Carla Coots; Paris Lambdin; Jennifer Franklin; Jerome Grant; Rusty Rhea. Influence of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Infestation Levels on Water Stress in Eastern Hemlocks within the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, U.S.A. Forests 2015, 6, 271 -279.

AMA Style

Carla Coots, Paris Lambdin, Jennifer Franklin, Jerome Grant, Rusty Rhea. Influence of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Infestation Levels on Water Stress in Eastern Hemlocks within the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, U.S.A. Forests. 2015; 6 (12):271-279.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carla Coots; Paris Lambdin; Jennifer Franklin; Jerome Grant; Rusty Rhea. 2015. "Influence of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Infestation Levels on Water Stress in Eastern Hemlocks within the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, U.S.A." Forests 6, no. 12: 271-279.

Short communication
Published: 07 November 2014 in Biocontrol Science and Technology
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The parasitoid Spathius agrili Yang, introduced in the USA to suppress populations of the emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, has been recovered at a release site for the first time in eastern Tennessee after a single year of releases. Other native parasitoids, including Spathius floridanus Ashmead, undetermined species of Spathius (possibly Spathius elegans Matthews and Spathius parvulus Matthews) and Atanycolus cappaerti Marsh & Strazanac, also known to be associated with EAB, were recovered. These recoveries represent the first documentation of these four species, including the introduced S. agrili, associated with EAB in the southern USA. Implications for biological control efforts against EAB are discussed.

ACS Style

Nicholas A. Hooie; Gregory J. Wiggins; Paris L. Lambdin; Jerome F. Grant; Steve D. Powell; Jonathan P. Lelito. Native parasitoids and recovery of Spathius agrili from areas of release against emerald ash borer in eastern Tennessee, USA. Biocontrol Science and Technology 2014, 25, 345 -351.

AMA Style

Nicholas A. Hooie, Gregory J. Wiggins, Paris L. Lambdin, Jerome F. Grant, Steve D. Powell, Jonathan P. Lelito. Native parasitoids and recovery of Spathius agrili from areas of release against emerald ash borer in eastern Tennessee, USA. Biocontrol Science and Technology. 2014; 25 (3):345-351.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nicholas A. Hooie; Gregory J. Wiggins; Paris L. Lambdin; Jerome F. Grant; Steve D. Powell; Jonathan P. Lelito. 2014. "Native parasitoids and recovery of Spathius agrili from areas of release against emerald ash borer in eastern Tennessee, USA." Biocontrol Science and Technology 25, no. 3: 345-351.

Communication
Published: 28 May 2014 in Forests
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Thousand cankers disease (TCD) is an insect-mediated disease of walnut trees (Juglans spp.) involving walnut twig beetle (Pityophthorus juglandis) and a fungal pathogen (Geosmithia morbida). Although first documented on walnut species in the western U.S., TCD is now found on black walnut (J. nigra) in five states in the eastern U.S. Most collections of P. juglandis or G. morbida are from trees in agriculturally- or residentially-developed landscapes. In 2013, 16 pheromone-baited funnel traps were deployed in or near black walnuts in forested conditions to assess the risk of infestation of forested trees by P. juglandis. Four of the 16 funnel traps collected adult P. juglandis from three forested areas (one in North Carolina and two in Tennessee). These collections, while in forested settings, may still be strongly influenced by human activities. The greatest number of P. juglandis (n = 338) was collected from a forested location in an urbanized area near a known TCD-positive tree. The other two forested locations where P. juglandis (n = 3) was collected were in areas where camping is common, and infested firewood may have introduced P. juglandis unintentionally into the area. Future studies to assess P. juglandis on more isolated forested walnuts are planned.

ACS Style

Gregory J. Wiggins; Jerome F. Grant; Paris L. Lambdin; Paul Merten; Katheryne A. Nix; Denita Hadziabdic; Mark T. Windham. Discovery of Walnut Twig Beetle, Pityophthorus juglandis, Associated with Forested Black Walnut, Juglans nigra, in the Eastern U.S. Forests 2014, 5, 1185 -1193.

AMA Style

Gregory J. Wiggins, Jerome F. Grant, Paris L. Lambdin, Paul Merten, Katheryne A. Nix, Denita Hadziabdic, Mark T. Windham. Discovery of Walnut Twig Beetle, Pityophthorus juglandis, Associated with Forested Black Walnut, Juglans nigra, in the Eastern U.S. Forests. 2014; 5 (6):1185-1193.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gregory J. Wiggins; Jerome F. Grant; Paris L. Lambdin; Paul Merten; Katheryne A. Nix; Denita Hadziabdic; Mark T. Windham. 2014. "Discovery of Walnut Twig Beetle, Pityophthorus juglandis, Associated with Forested Black Walnut, Juglans nigra, in the Eastern U.S." Forests 5, no. 6: 1185-1193.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2013 in Forests
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Black walnut, a valuable economic and environmentally important species, is threatened by thousand cankers disease. Systemic imidacloprid and dinotefuran applications were made to mature black walnut trees to evaluate their translocation and concentration levels in various tissue types including leaf, twig, trunk core, nutmeat, and walnut husk. The metabolism of imidacloprid in plants produces a metabolite, olefin-imidacloprid, which has been documented to have insecticidal properties in other systems. Trunk CoreTect (imidacloprid) soil pellets and a trunk spray of dinotefuran were applied to mature black walnuts in spring 2011. Imidacloprid concentrations were detected in both the lower and upper strata in all tissue types tested and progressively increased through month 12 post-treatment in twig and leaf tissue. Olefin-imidacloprid was detected in the nutmeat and walnut husk. Dinotefuran was only detected in the first sampling period and was found in low concentration levels in leaf and twig tissue types, and was not detected in the trunk, nutmeat or the walnut husk.

ACS Style

Katheryne Nix; Paris Lambdin; Jerome Grant; Carla Coots; Paul Merten. Concentration Levels of Imidacloprid and Dinotefuran in Five Tissue Types of Black Walnut, Juglans nigra. Forests 2013, 4, 887 -897.

AMA Style

Katheryne Nix, Paris Lambdin, Jerome Grant, Carla Coots, Paul Merten. Concentration Levels of Imidacloprid and Dinotefuran in Five Tissue Types of Black Walnut, Juglans nigra. Forests. 2013; 4 (4):887-897.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Katheryne Nix; Paris Lambdin; Jerome Grant; Carla Coots; Paul Merten. 2013. "Concentration Levels of Imidacloprid and Dinotefuran in Five Tissue Types of Black Walnut, Juglans nigra." Forests 4, no. 4: 887-897.

Journal article
Published: 24 October 2012 in Forests
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Over 400 species of insects have been found in association with eastern hemlock in the southern Appalachians. Eastern hemlock stands provide an ideal habitat for all life stages of mycetophilids. However, the diversity, distribution and co-occurrence patterns of these species throughout the tree canopy are unknown. This study was initiated to evaluate abundance, species richness and species composition within three designated strata in the canopy of eastern hemlock, assess species for vertical stratification patterns, and determine if co-occurrence patterns of mycetophilid species are random or non-random. During this study, 24 species representing 14 genera were identified and evaluated. Mycetophilid abundance, species richness and composition differed among the lower, middle, and upper strata. Unique assemblages were identified in each stratum, indicating vertical stratification. The upper stratum of the canopy had four exclusive species, the middle had six exclusive species, and the lower stratum had nine exclusive species. The co-occurrence pattern of mycetophilid species in the canopy of eastern hemlock was non-random.

ACS Style

Carla Coots; Paris Lambdin; Jerome Grant; Rusty Rhea. Diversity, Vertical Stratification and Co-Occurrence Patterns of the Mycetophilid Community among Eastern Hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière, in the Southern Appalachians. Forests 2012, 3, 986 -996.

AMA Style

Carla Coots, Paris Lambdin, Jerome Grant, Rusty Rhea. Diversity, Vertical Stratification and Co-Occurrence Patterns of the Mycetophilid Community among Eastern Hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière, in the Southern Appalachians. Forests. 2012; 3 (4):986-996.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carla Coots; Paris Lambdin; Jerome Grant; Rusty Rhea. 2012. "Diversity, Vertical Stratification and Co-Occurrence Patterns of the Mycetophilid Community among Eastern Hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière, in the Southern Appalachians." Forests 3, no. 4: 986-996.

Journal article
Published: 21 March 2012 in Forests
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Of the more than 300 species of Psocoptera described in North America, 44 species have been documented on eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière, in the southern Appalachians. However, the distribution and co-occurrence patterns of these species throughout the tree canopy are unknown. This study was initiated to evaluate specimen abundance, species richness and species composition among three designated strata in the canopy of eastern hemlock, assess species for vertical stratification patterns, and determine if co-occurrence patterns of Psocoptera species are random or non-random. During this study, 27 species representing 18 genera and 10 families were evaluated. Psocopteran specimen abundance, species richness and composition differed among the lower, middle, and upper strata. Unique assemblages were identified in each stratum, indicating vertical stratification. The upper stratum of the canopy had five exclusive species, the middle had four exclusive species, and the lower stratum had 14 exclusive species. The co-occurrence pattern of Psocoptera species in the canopy of eastern hemlock was non-random.

ACS Style

Carla Coots; Paris Lambdin; Jerome Grant; Rusty Rhea; Edward Mockford. Vertical Stratification and Co-Occurrence Patterns of the Psocoptera Community Associated with Eastern Hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière, in the Southern Appalachians. Forests 2012, 3, 127 -136.

AMA Style

Carla Coots, Paris Lambdin, Jerome Grant, Rusty Rhea, Edward Mockford. Vertical Stratification and Co-Occurrence Patterns of the Psocoptera Community Associated with Eastern Hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière, in the Southern Appalachians. Forests. 2012; 3 (1):127-136.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carla Coots; Paris Lambdin; Jerome Grant; Rusty Rhea; Edward Mockford. 2012. "Vertical Stratification and Co-Occurrence Patterns of the Psocoptera Community Associated with Eastern Hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière, in the Southern Appalachians." Forests 3, no. 1: 127-136.

Communication
Published: 09 September 2011 in Forests
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In 2010, thousand cankers disease (TCD) was documented in Tennessee, representing the first confirmation of this disease in the native range of black walnut and the first known incidence of TCD east of Colorado. Tennessee Department of Agriculture personnel conducted surveys to determine the extent of TCD in counties in eastern Tennessee. Samples of symptomatic black walnuts were sent to the University of Tennessee for processing. The causative agents, walnut twig beetle, Pityophthorus juglandis, and the fungal pathogen Geosmithia morbida, were documented on the same trees in four counties. Tree mortality was observed in two counties, and tree decline was observed in at least 10 counties although it may be attributed to previous droughts or to TCD. In 2010, four confirmed counties were quarantined by TDA, and 10 buffer counties were also regulated. Research is underway to further assess the incidence and impact of TCD on black walnut in Tennessee.

ACS Style

Jerome F. Grant; Mark T. Windham; Walker G. Haun; Gregory J. Wiggins; Paris L. Lambdin. Initial Assessment of Thousand Cankers Disease on Black Walnut, Juglans nigra, in Eastern Tennessee. Forests 2011, 2, 741 -748.

AMA Style

Jerome F. Grant, Mark T. Windham, Walker G. Haun, Gregory J. Wiggins, Paris L. Lambdin. Initial Assessment of Thousand Cankers Disease on Black Walnut, Juglans nigra, in Eastern Tennessee. Forests. 2011; 2 (3):741-748.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jerome F. Grant; Mark T. Windham; Walker G. Haun; Gregory J. Wiggins; Paris L. Lambdin. 2011. "Initial Assessment of Thousand Cankers Disease on Black Walnut, Juglans nigra, in Eastern Tennessee." Forests 2, no. 3: 741-748.

Short communication
Published: 09 May 2011 in Biocontrol Science and Technology
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The coexistence of two introduced predatory species, Laricobius nigrinus Fender and Sasajiscymnus tsugae (Sasaji and McClure), and a native predator, L. rubidus LeConte, on eastern hemlock was documented for the first time. Details of their coexistence and implications to management of hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand, are discussed.

ACS Style

Abdul Hakeem; Jerome F. Grant; Gregory J. Wiggins; Paris L. Lambdin; James R. Rhea. Establishment and coexistence of two predators,Laricobius nigrinusandSasajiscymnus tsugae,introduced against hemlock woolly adelgid on eastern hemlock. Biocontrol Science and Technology 2011, 21, 687 -691.

AMA Style

Abdul Hakeem, Jerome F. Grant, Gregory J. Wiggins, Paris L. Lambdin, James R. Rhea. Establishment and coexistence of two predators,Laricobius nigrinusandSasajiscymnus tsugae,introduced against hemlock woolly adelgid on eastern hemlock. Biocontrol Science and Technology. 2011; 21 (6):687-691.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abdul Hakeem; Jerome F. Grant; Gregory J. Wiggins; Paris L. Lambdin; James R. Rhea. 2011. "Establishment and coexistence of two predators,Laricobius nigrinusandSasajiscymnus tsugae,introduced against hemlock woolly adelgid on eastern hemlock." Biocontrol Science and Technology 21, no. 6: 687-691.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 1998 in Journal of Entomological Science
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Arthropods were collected from flowering dogwoods infected with Discula destructiva Redlin, causal agent of dogwood anthracnose, to evaluate their ability to transport viable conidia. During 1994, 7.2% of all arthropods collected (n = 375) from diseased trees at three sites in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park were carrying viable conidia of D. destructiva. Most [92.6% (25/27)] of the conidia-infested arthropods were collected during June when sporulation and spread of dogwood anthracnose were increasing. From July through September, the expansion of disease severity and incidence of sporulation diminished and the frequency of conidia-infested arthropods decreased. Several species of arthropods with viable conidia of D. destructiva were collected lending support to the hypothesis that insects and other arthropods may play a role in the spread of dogwood anthracnose.

ACS Style

H. Lee Holt; Jerome F. Grant; Mark T. Windham. Incidence of Arthropods Infested with Conidia of the Dogwood Anthracnose Fungus, Discula destructiva Redlin, on Flowering Dogwoods in the Natural Environment. Journal of Entomological Science 1998, 33, 329 -335.

AMA Style

H. Lee Holt, Jerome F. Grant, Mark T. Windham. Incidence of Arthropods Infested with Conidia of the Dogwood Anthracnose Fungus, Discula destructiva Redlin, on Flowering Dogwoods in the Natural Environment. Journal of Entomological Science. 1998; 33 (4):329-335.

Chicago/Turabian Style

H. Lee Holt; Jerome F. Grant; Mark T. Windham. 1998. "Incidence of Arthropods Infested with Conidia of the Dogwood Anthracnose Fungus, Discula destructiva Redlin, on Flowering Dogwoods in the Natural Environment." Journal of Entomological Science 33, no. 4: 329-335.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 1995 in Environmental Entomology
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ACS Style

Deanna M. Colby; Mark T. Windham; Jerome F. Grant. Hippodamia convergens (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) Dissemination of Dogwood Anthracnose Fungus (Melanconiales: Melanconeacae). Environmental Entomology 1995, 24, 1075 -1079.

AMA Style

Deanna M. Colby, Mark T. Windham, Jerome F. Grant. Hippodamia convergens (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) Dissemination of Dogwood Anthracnose Fungus (Melanconiales: Melanconeacae). Environmental Entomology. 1995; 24 (5):1075-1079.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Deanna M. Colby; Mark T. Windham; Jerome F. Grant. 1995. "Hippodamia convergens (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) Dissemination of Dogwood Anthracnose Fungus (Melanconiales: Melanconeacae)." Environmental Entomology 24, no. 5: 1075-1079.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 1992 in Journal of Entomological Science
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The incidence of the pyralid Dicymolomia julianalis (Walker) on musk thistle, Carduus thoermeri (Weinmann), was monitored at 15 sites in eastern and middle Tennessee during 1989 and 1990. Seed heads infested by larvae and/or pupae of D. julianalis were recovered from all sites. During 1990, infestation levels of mature seed heads at each site on each sampling date ranged from 0 to 30.9%. Of 2,570 seed heads collected from all sites during 1990, 14.2% (365) was infested by D. julianalis. Larvae of D. julianalis were observed to feed on seeds of musk thistle, and a mature seed head that had been infested by as few as one larva did not release seeds. However, the interactive association of D. julianalis and musk thistle is unclear because of its reported diversity of food types and habitats. Our results suggest that seed production and proliferation of musk thistle were apparently reduced by D. julianalis.

ACS Style

Steve D. Powell; Jerome F. Grant; Paris L. Lambdin. Incidence of Dicymolomia julianalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on Musk Thistle in Tennessee. Journal of Entomological Science 1992, 27, 209 -216.

AMA Style

Steve D. Powell, Jerome F. Grant, Paris L. Lambdin. Incidence of Dicymolomia julianalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on Musk Thistle in Tennessee. Journal of Entomological Science. 1992; 27 (3):209-216.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Steve D. Powell; Jerome F. Grant; Paris L. Lambdin. 1992. "Incidence of Dicymolomia julianalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on Musk Thistle in Tennessee." Journal of Entomological Science 27, no. 3: 209-216.