The objective of this study was to follow-up on the evolution of the hydro-pluviometric schemes and particular elements of Wadi Mina (6048 km²) to the Sidi M’Hamed Ben Aouda Dam to evaluate the silting origin and status of this dam situated in the northwest of Algeria. The pluviometric study targeted a series of rains during 77 years (1930–2007), the liquid discharge data cover a period of 41 years (1969–2010) and the solids and suspended sediment concentrations data cover very variable periods, starting from 22 to 40 years for the entire catchment area. The statistical tests for ruptures detection on the chronological series of rains and discharges indicate a net reduction of rains of more than 20% on the entire basin since 1970. The evolution of solids inputs was quantified: the maximum values are registered on autumn start and at the end of spring. The Wadi Mina basin brings annually 38 × 10⁶ m³ of water with a specific degradation of 860 t·km⁻²·year⁻¹. By comparing the results found, we thus observe that the basin upstream of SMBA (1B) Dam is the greatest sediment producer towards the dam because it shows a specific degradation equal to 13.36 t·ha⁻¹·year⁻¹.

Deficiency of surface water resources in semi-arid area makes the groundwater the most preferred resource to assure population increased needs. In this research we are going to quantify the rate of groundwater recharge using new hybrid model tack in interest the annual rainfall and the average annual temperature and the geological characteristics of the area. This hybrid model was tested and calibrated using a chemical tracer method called Chloride mass balance method (CMB). This hybrid model is a combination between general hydrogeological model and a hydrological model. We have tested this model in an aquifer complex in the region of Djelfa (Algeria). Performance of this model was verified by five criteria [Nash, mean absolute error (MAE), Root mean square error (RMSE), the coefficient of determination and the arithmetic mean error (AME)]. These new approximations facilitate the groundwater management in semi-arid areas; this model is a perfection and amelioration of the model developed by Chibane et al. This model gives a very interesting result, with low uncertainty. A new recharge class diagram was established by our model to get rapidly and quickly the groundwater recharge value for any area in semi-arid region, using temperature and rainfall.

The best understanding of the geochemical process of groundwater is important for a sustainable development and for a strategic management of water resources. A hydro-geochemical study of groundwater of the Djelfa multilayer aquifers systems was established, using stable isotopes, and major elements, in order to identify the groundwater mineralization process occurring in this system. The chemical data indicate that the dissolution of evaporate minerals (Gypsum, halite, anhydrite) and the evaporation from water table are the principle processes who command the groundwater mineralization. Groundwater samples are depleted in stables isotopes (¹⁸O and ²H) reflecting a slug of water recharged during colder climatic conditions, and the recharge was occurred at different altitude. The analysis of the replenishment of aquifer levels shows that the level arises in the replenishment of aquifer and decreases in the depletion of aquifer due to the phenomena of evaporation and to the extensive pumping from wells. Excessive pumping creates a remarkable cone of depression that makes flow direction from syncline to the basin outlet.

The touristic balneology is an essential source to promote the economy of the region. Our study aims to identify the geochemistry, the typology and the nature of the thermal waters of Hammam Bouhanifia, a geochemical and bacteriological study was carried out in the region, 13 sources were studied. The geochemical analysis results show a high mineralization of the waters (EC varies between 1.28 and 3.26 mS/cm); high-temperature variation (26 to 65 °C) indicates a high depth emergence. The geochemical classification of waters by the piper diagram shows typical Ca–Mg waters with a dominance of sulphates. All the water points have good bacteriological quality with the exception of source No. 6, which may indicate an infiltration of domestic discharges. The thermal reservoir of Hammam Bouhanifia may represent an important source of geothermal energy in Algeria in addition to its role in the development of thermal tourism in the western region of the country.

Fifteen percent of the total volume produced is lost, which has become a major problem for water resource management in Algeria. The number of high leakages reduces the performance of the drinking water supply network. The disturbance of the drinking water supply observed by the citizens resulted from several incidents occurring mainly on the axis of production or distribution (e.g., breakage, leakage, pollution, electrical problems, and drought). To manage these incidents and for water distribution monitoring in the high-level strategic plan, monitoring and control software was developed for the Algerian Water Company (ADE). This software is an essential tool that helps managers of water resources to monitor the water supply situation throughout the national territory to ameliorate water public services. This dynamic software has been in use since 2016.