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This paper presents a 12 V mechanical torque converting belt-driven integrated starter and generator (BSG) system without a DC-DC converter. A micro hybrid electric vehicle (micro HEV) typically uses a 12 V battery with a 12/48 V bidirectional DC-DC converter to satisfy its high starting torque and wide operating speed for generating the required power. In contrast, the proposed BSG consists of a wound field synchronous machine (WFSM), planetary gears, and a belt-type pulley, which does not require an additional bidirectional DC-DC converter. Owing to the mechanical torque converter, the proposed BSG system produces a high starting torque in starter-mode with a 12:1 gear ratio, and it operates in generator-mode with a 1:2 gear ratio to satisfy the required target specifications. To verify that the proposed BSG system meets the required target design specifications, simulations using MATLAB/Simulink 2018b and ANSYS electromagnetic 19.0 were performed. Additionally, the experimental results verify that this proposed BSG meets the required starter and generator modes specifications. Based on an analysis of the cost and vehicle environment conditions, the proposed BSG provides an efficient solution to the high cost issue incurred by a micro-HEV that requires a DC-DC converter system.
Seonwoo Jeon; Gang Seok Lee; Dong-Woo Kang; Won-Ho Kim; Sungwoo Bae. Belt-Driven Integrated Starter and Generator Using Planetary Gears for Micro Hybrid Electric Vehicles. IEEE Access 2021, 9, 56201 -56213.
AMA StyleSeonwoo Jeon, Gang Seok Lee, Dong-Woo Kang, Won-Ho Kim, Sungwoo Bae. Belt-Driven Integrated Starter and Generator Using Planetary Gears for Micro Hybrid Electric Vehicles. IEEE Access. 2021; 9 ():56201-56213.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSeonwoo Jeon; Gang Seok Lee; Dong-Woo Kang; Won-Ho Kim; Sungwoo Bae. 2021. "Belt-Driven Integrated Starter and Generator Using Planetary Gears for Micro Hybrid Electric Vehicles." IEEE Access 9, no. : 56201-56213.
Ensuring energy supply security has become one of the most important purposes for many countries. To make the strategies for ensuring the energy supply security of a country, it is essential to quantitatively assess the security. This paper aims to present a methodology to evaluate the energy supply security of a country by using different indices of energy dependence and energy diversity, which have been raised as two main paradigms of energy supply security. This study also proposes two indices reflecting the correlation between a country’s energy diversity and energy import dependence to evaluate its energy supply security based on easily accessible data. The presented methodology and indices were applied to the evaluation of the primary energy supply security of Korea from 1991 to 2018. The results show that a country highly dependent on energy imports is not evaluated as secure enough in terms of energy supply even if it obtains higher energy diversity. This finding supports the importance of the correlation of energy dependence and energy diversity of a country to ensure its energy supply security. This approach could be further adapted to other countries and help them to make their energy policy and strategies.
HerIe Park; Sungwoo Bae. Quantitative Assessment of Energy Supply Security: Korea Case Study. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1854 .
AMA StyleHerIe Park, Sungwoo Bae. Quantitative Assessment of Energy Supply Security: Korea Case Study. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):1854.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHerIe Park; Sungwoo Bae. 2021. "Quantitative Assessment of Energy Supply Security: Korea Case Study." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 1854.
This study presents the surface discharge characteristics of insulating gases, including sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), dry air, and N2, under a non-uniform field. Surface discharge experiments were conducted, with the gas pressure ranging from 0.1 to 0.6 MPa, on samples of epoxy dielectrics under an AC voltage. The experimental results showed that the surface insulation performance significantly improved in insulating gases possessing electronegative gases, such as SF6 and dry air. Surface flashover voltages of SF6 were saturated with an increasing pressure, compared to dry air and N2. The surface discharge mechanism is proposed to explain the improvement and saturation of dielectric characteristics of the electronegative gas in complex dielectric insulations, as well as its influence on the surface flashover voltage. As an application, an insulation design method is discussed with regards to replacing SF6 gas in high-voltage power equipment based on the knowledge of the physics behind gas discharge.
HerIe Park; Dong-Young Lim; Sungwoo Bae. Surface Discharge Mechanism on Epoxy Resin in Electronegative Gases and Its Application. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 6673 .
AMA StyleHerIe Park, Dong-Young Lim, Sungwoo Bae. Surface Discharge Mechanism on Epoxy Resin in Electronegative Gases and Its Application. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (19):6673.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHerIe Park; Dong-Young Lim; Sungwoo Bae. 2020. "Surface Discharge Mechanism on Epoxy Resin in Electronegative Gases and Its Application." Applied Sciences 10, no. 19: 6673.
This paper provides models for managing and investigating the power flow of a grid-connected solar photovoltaic (PV) system with an energy storage system (ESS) supplying the residential load. This paper presents a combination of models in forecasting solar PV power, forecasting load power, and determining battery capacity of the ESS, to improve the overall quality of the power flow management of a grid-connected solar PV system. Big data tools were used to formulate the solar PV power forecasting model and load power forecasting model, in which real historical solar electricity data of actual solar homes in Australia were used to improve the quality of the forecasting models. In addition, the time-of-use electricity pricing was also considered in managing the power flow, to provide the minimum cost of electricity from the grid to the residential load. The output of this model presents the power flow profiles, including the solar PV power, battery power, grid power, and load power of weekend and weekday in a summer season. The battery state-of-charge of the ESS was also presented. Therefore, this model may help power system engineers to investigate the power flow of each system of a grid-connected solar PV system and help in the management decision for the improvement of the overall quality of the power management of the system.
Mariz B. Arias; Sungwoo Bae. Design Models for Power Flow Management of a Grid-Connected Solar Photovoltaic System with Energy Storage System. Energies 2020, 13, 2137 .
AMA StyleMariz B. Arias, Sungwoo Bae. Design Models for Power Flow Management of a Grid-Connected Solar Photovoltaic System with Energy Storage System. Energies. 2020; 13 (9):2137.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMariz B. Arias; Sungwoo Bae. 2020. "Design Models for Power Flow Management of a Grid-Connected Solar Photovoltaic System with Energy Storage System." Energies 13, no. 9: 2137.
The insulation design of high-voltage equipment is based on physical information about surface discharge mechanism. However, few studies have provided the information. This paper presents a peculiar-surface discharge characteristic in the presence of particle around an epoxy surface. Surface discharge experiments were conducted to measure partial discharge (VP) and surface flashover voltage (VF) with particle locations from the epoxy surface in atmospheric air. There was no the significant change in VP on the particle location. In contrast, VF revealed the distinctive-insulation characteristic that showed its peak. This characteristic was described from the space charge and the proposed surface discharge mechanism.
Dong-Young Lim; Seung-Wook Jee; Sungwoo Bae; Young-Kil Choi. Analysis of the influence of a conductive particle on the surface flashover characteristics of epoxy dielectric in atmospheric air. Journal of Electrostatics 2019, 99, 31 -40.
AMA StyleDong-Young Lim, Seung-Wook Jee, Sungwoo Bae, Young-Kil Choi. Analysis of the influence of a conductive particle on the surface flashover characteristics of epoxy dielectric in atmospheric air. Journal of Electrostatics. 2019; 99 ():31-40.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDong-Young Lim; Seung-Wook Jee; Sungwoo Bae; Young-Kil Choi. 2019. "Analysis of the influence of a conductive particle on the surface flashover characteristics of epoxy dielectric in atmospheric air." Journal of Electrostatics 99, no. : 31-40.
In order to implement reliable and flexible power management among energy sources, a decentralized power management approach for electrical power systems (EPSs) in the more electric aircraft (MEA) is studied. Considering the increased use of electrical power for various functions, the performance of MEA would be determined by the design and operation of the EPS. By using a virtual impedance that includes both a resistive term and an inductive term, autonomous power sharing is realized. Because of the frequency dependence in the virtual impedance, different power sharing ratios between steady state and transient state can be considered. Not only the operation of various power sources is coordinated without supervision of a centralized controller, but also the operation profile of each source can be adjusted to meet output characteristics of each source. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, a series of simulations that consider various virtual impedance configurations were conducted. The proposed approach contributes to a higher level of operational flexibility, while enabling reliable and cost-effective management of MEAs.
Myungchin Kim; Sung Gu Lee; Sungwoo Bae. Decentralized Power Management for Electrical Power Systems in More Electric Aircrafts. Electronics 2018, 7, 187 .
AMA StyleMyungchin Kim, Sung Gu Lee, Sungwoo Bae. Decentralized Power Management for Electrical Power Systems in More Electric Aircrafts. Electronics. 2018; 7 (9):187.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMyungchin Kim; Sung Gu Lee; Sungwoo Bae. 2018. "Decentralized Power Management for Electrical Power Systems in More Electric Aircrafts." Electronics 7, no. 9: 187.
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Thuc Minh Bui; Myungchin Kim; Sungwoo Bae. Comparative Survey on Modular Cell-Equalizing Circuits for Battery Management Systems. Medico-Legal Update 2018, 18, 372 .
AMA StyleThuc Minh Bui, Myungchin Kim, Sungwoo Bae. Comparative Survey on Modular Cell-Equalizing Circuits for Battery Management Systems. Medico-Legal Update. 2018; 18 (1):372.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThuc Minh Bui; Myungchin Kim; Sungwoo Bae. 2018. "Comparative Survey on Modular Cell-Equalizing Circuits for Battery Management Systems." Medico-Legal Update 18, no. 1: 372.
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Myungchin Kim; Won Kook Lee; Sungwoo Bae. Stability of DC Power networks with Constant Power Loads for Small Sized Applications. Medico-Legal Update 2018, 18, 380 .
AMA StyleMyungchin Kim, Won Kook Lee, Sungwoo Bae. Stability of DC Power networks with Constant Power Loads for Small Sized Applications. Medico-Legal Update. 2018; 18 (1):380.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMyungchin Kim; Won Kook Lee; Sungwoo Bae. 2018. "Stability of DC Power networks with Constant Power Loads for Small Sized Applications." Medico-Legal Update 18, no. 1: 380.
In this paper, a power-controllable light emitting diode (LED) control system is proposed for plant cultivation. The proposed LED system measures environmental data, such as the distance between the plant and LED system using an infrared sensor and the ambient illuminance based on an illuminance sensor. Then, it converts the illuminance to the photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) for plant cultivation. It analyzes the relationship between the data and LED PPFD, and generates an optimal pulse width modulation (PWM) signal. Therefore, it controls the LED PPFD dynamically. The proposed LED system is also implemented in hardware, which consists of red and blue LED arrays with suitable wavelengths and a micro-controller. In the experimental results, the proposed LED system preserved the target PPFD regardless of the change of the distance and ambient PPFD. Additionally, the proposed LED system maximally reduced the power consumption of a conventional system by up to 68%.
Yong Deok Ahn; Sungwoo Bae; Suk-Ju Kang. Power Controllable LED System with Increased Energy Efficiency Using Multi-Sensors for Plant Cultivation. Energies 2017, 10, 1607 .
AMA StyleYong Deok Ahn, Sungwoo Bae, Suk-Ju Kang. Power Controllable LED System with Increased Energy Efficiency Using Multi-Sensors for Plant Cultivation. Energies. 2017; 10 (10):1607.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYong Deok Ahn; Sungwoo Bae; Suk-Ju Kang. 2017. "Power Controllable LED System with Increased Energy Efficiency Using Multi-Sensors for Plant Cultivation." Energies 10, no. 10: 1607.
This paper proposes a high efficient soft-switching multiple-input positive buck-boost converter. Multiple-input converters (MIC) use usually forward-conducting-bidirectional-blocking (FCBB) switches to control their input voltages and currents. However, these FCBB switches may decrease the overall system efficiency because of their switching losses. This paper applied a soft-switching method into multiple-input (MI) positive buck-boost converter's switches in order to design a high efficient MIC. Based on the hardware experiment result, the proposed converter showed that its power conversion efficiency was 95.25%.
Jeongtae Kim; Sungwoo Bae. High efficient multiple-input positive buck-boost converter. 2017 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) 2017, 2260 -2264.
AMA StyleJeongtae Kim, Sungwoo Bae. High efficient multiple-input positive buck-boost converter. 2017 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE). 2017; ():2260-2264.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJeongtae Kim; Sungwoo Bae. 2017. "High efficient multiple-input positive buck-boost converter." 2017 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) , no. : 2260-2264.
An edge-resonant soft-switching time-sharing (TS) multiple-input (MI) dc-dc converter is introduced in this paper. The proposed converter can achieve high efficiency with zero-current switching (ZCS) and zero-voltage switching (ZVS). The zero-current switching (ZCS) can be realized on switch turned-on states, and the zero-voltage switching (ZVS) can be realized on switch turned-off states. In addition, the edge-resonant soft-switching time-sharing (TS) multiple-input Ćuk converter can also step-up and step-down. The proposed circuit topology with the soft switching properties were verified by hardware experimental results.
Zhuoya Sun; Sungwoo Bae. Multiple-input Soft-switching Ćuk Converter. 2017 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) 2017, 2272 -2276.
AMA StyleZhuoya Sun, Sungwoo Bae. Multiple-input Soft-switching Ćuk Converter. 2017 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE). 2017; ():2272-2276.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhuoya Sun; Sungwoo Bae. 2017. "Multiple-input Soft-switching Ćuk Converter." 2017 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) , no. : 2272-2276.
This paper discusses the reliability characteristics of power electronic devices in aerial vehicles. Either to enable higher degree of electrification of aircrafts or to realize aircraft design with innovative configurations, the importance of electrical networks in aerial vehicles have increased. Based on an observation on the emerging roles of electrical networks in aerial vehicles, the potential challenges for power electronic devices used in such networks are identified. Based on a generalized flight profile, the thermal performance of the devices is computed to study the reliability characteristics. The study results could benefit research on similar airborne applications by introducing reliability characteristics and analysis approaches.
Myungchin Kim; Sungwoo Bae; Seung H. Choung. Analysis on reliability characteristics of power electronic devices for aerial vehicles. 2017 20th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS) 2017, 1 -5.
AMA StyleMyungchin Kim, Sungwoo Bae, Seung H. Choung. Analysis on reliability characteristics of power electronic devices for aerial vehicles. 2017 20th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS). 2017; ():1-5.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMyungchin Kim; Sungwoo Bae; Seung H. Choung. 2017. "Analysis on reliability characteristics of power electronic devices for aerial vehicles." 2017 20th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS) , no. : 1-5.
Mariz B. Arias; Myungchin Kim; Sungwoo Bae. Prediction of electric vehicle charging-power demand in realistic urban traffic networks. Applied Energy 2017, 195, 738 -753.
AMA StyleMariz B. Arias, Myungchin Kim, Sungwoo Bae. Prediction of electric vehicle charging-power demand in realistic urban traffic networks. Applied Energy. 2017; 195 ():738-753.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMariz B. Arias; Myungchin Kim; Sungwoo Bae. 2017. "Prediction of electric vehicle charging-power demand in realistic urban traffic networks." Applied Energy 195, no. : 738-753.
Myungchin Kim; Sungwoo Bae. Decentralized control of a scalable photovoltaic (PV)-battery hybrid power system. Applied Energy 2017, 188, 444 -455.
AMA StyleMyungchin Kim, Sungwoo Bae. Decentralized control of a scalable photovoltaic (PV)-battery hybrid power system. Applied Energy. 2017; 188 ():444-455.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMyungchin Kim; Sungwoo Bae. 2017. "Decentralized control of a scalable photovoltaic (PV)-battery hybrid power system." Applied Energy 188, no. : 444-455.
This paper presents a new active cell balancing control method at the Battery Management System (BMS) for Electric Vehicle (EV). Through the charging and discharging current sensing, the proposed method modulates the switching frequency for the controlling an active balancing circuit. Consequently, the active cell balancing speed is improved. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, the Labview simulation was implemented; the balancing speed were 50% higher than the conventional fixed frequency control method.
Sang-Won Lee; Yoon-Geol Choi; Sung-Woo Bae; Jae-Jung Yun. A new variable switching frequency control for active cell balancing systems. 2017 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE) 2017, 323 -324.
AMA StyleSang-Won Lee, Yoon-Geol Choi, Sung-Woo Bae, Jae-Jung Yun. A new variable switching frequency control for active cell balancing systems. 2017 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE). 2017; ():323-324.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSang-Won Lee; Yoon-Geol Choi; Sung-Woo Bae; Jae-Jung Yun. 2017. "A new variable switching frequency control for active cell balancing systems." 2017 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE) , no. : 323-324.
The need for reduction in power consumption for public facilities has increased after the occurrences of multiple blackout events. In an effort to enable the development of green and smart social infrastructure, this paper introduces a design for a sustainable and efficient transportation system (SETS). For this design, renewable power sources and efficient electric drives are considered to be crucial technologies. Considering the subway station as an illustrative example, a power system design that uses wind and solar energy as major power sources is studied. The adjustable speed electric drive system that uses synchronous reluctance machines for ventilation systems contributes to increasing the overall power consumption efficiency. The effectiveness of the proposed SETS system is verified through a set of various field measurement data and simulation results. While the verification results demonstrate that operation of SETS is enabled by effective integration of renewable sources and efficient ventilation systems, future research directions have also been identified.
Myungchin Kim; Jeongtae Kim; Sungwoo Bae. Design of a Sustainable and Efficient Transportation Station (SETS) Based on Renewable Sources and Efficient Electric Drives. Symmetry 2016, 8, 146 .
AMA StyleMyungchin Kim, Jeongtae Kim, Sungwoo Bae. Design of a Sustainable and Efficient Transportation Station (SETS) Based on Renewable Sources and Efficient Electric Drives. Symmetry. 2016; 8 (12):146.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMyungchin Kim; Jeongtae Kim; Sungwoo Bae. 2016. "Design of a Sustainable and Efficient Transportation Station (SETS) Based on Renewable Sources and Efficient Electric Drives." Symmetry 8, no. 12: 146.
Mariz B. Arias; Sungwoo Bae. Electric vehicle charging demand forecasting model based on big data technologies. Applied Energy 2016, 183, 327 -339.
AMA StyleMariz B. Arias, Sungwoo Bae. Electric vehicle charging demand forecasting model based on big data technologies. Applied Energy. 2016; 183 ():327-339.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMariz B. Arias; Sungwoo Bae. 2016. "Electric vehicle charging demand forecasting model based on big data technologies." Applied Energy 183, no. : 327-339.
Sungwoo Bae; Hongyeob Lee. Quantitative Analysis of a Steel Billet Surface Flaw Detection System by Means of a Finite Element Method. Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology 2016, 11, 1729 -1734.
AMA StyleSungwoo Bae, Hongyeob Lee. Quantitative Analysis of a Steel Billet Surface Flaw Detection System by Means of a Finite Element Method. Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology. 2016; 11 (6):1729-1734.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSungwoo Bae; Hongyeob Lee. 2016. "Quantitative Analysis of a Steel Billet Surface Flaw Detection System by Means of a Finite Element Method." Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology 11, no. 6: 1729-1734.
A worldwide mobile network has consumed high volume of energy because of its high speed broadband growth (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, and 5G). Wireless telecommunication service providers have strived for reducing an operating expenditure (i.e., electricity cost) because an urban base station (BTS) consumes more power as these data uses of mobile subscribers increase. In order to reduce an operating cost of BTS, mobile service providers and researchers have been studied for a green BTS which uses less electricity from the utility power grid for its normal operation with renewable or alternative energy sources such as photovoltaic panels, wind generators, fuel cells, and energy storage systems. However, a green BTS may increase the total cost of ownership because these renewable and alternative energy sources typically requires high capital expenditure in the installation stage. To reduce this initial capital expenditure, this paper presents a BTS power stage system design and control method with a multiple-input modified inverse Watkins-Johnson converter of which advantage is a cost-effective solution with a high boost voltage gain. The considered energy sources in this green BTS was a photovoltaic module and energy storage system. The proposed BTS power converter and control method were verified with SPICE simulation results.
Jeongtae Kim; Sungwoo Bae. Solar powered base station with a multiple-input modified inverse Watkins-Johnson converter. 2015 IEEE International Telecommunications Energy Conference (INTELEC) 2016, 1 -6.
AMA StyleJeongtae Kim, Sungwoo Bae. Solar powered base station with a multiple-input modified inverse Watkins-Johnson converter. 2015 IEEE International Telecommunications Energy Conference (INTELEC). 2016; ():1-6.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJeongtae Kim; Sungwoo Bae. 2016. "Solar powered base station with a multiple-input modified inverse Watkins-Johnson converter." 2015 IEEE International Telecommunications Energy Conference (INTELEC) , no. : 1-6.
In order to realize a true WoT environment, a reliable power circuit is required to ensure interconnections among a range of WoT devices. This paper presents research on sensors and their effects on the reliability and response characteristics of power circuits in WoT devices. The presented research can be used in various power circuit applications, such as energy harvesting interfaces, photovoltaic systems, and battery management systems for the WoT devices. As power circuits rely on the feedback from voltage/current sensors, the system performance is likely to be affected by the sensor failure rates, sensor dynamic characteristics, and their interface circuits. This study investigated how the operational availability of the power circuits is affected by the sensor failure rates by performing a quantitative reliability analysis. In the analysis process, this paper also includes the effects of various reconstruction and estimation techniques used in power processing circuits (e.g., energy harvesting circuits and photovoltaic systems). This paper also reports how the transient control performance of power circuits is affected by sensor interface circuits. With the frequency domain stability analysis and circuit simulation, it was verified that the interface circuit dynamics may affect the transient response characteristics of power circuits. The verification results in this paper showed that the reliability and control performance of the power circuits can be affected by the sensor types, fault tolerant approaches against sensor failures, and the response characteristics of the sensor interfaces. The analysis results were also verified by experiments using a power circuit prototype.
Sungwoo Bae; Myungchin Kim. Effect of Sensors on the Reliability and Control Performance of Power Circuits in the Web of Things (WoT). Sensors 2016, 16, 1430 .
AMA StyleSungwoo Bae, Myungchin Kim. Effect of Sensors on the Reliability and Control Performance of Power Circuits in the Web of Things (WoT). Sensors. 2016; 16 (9):1430.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSungwoo Bae; Myungchin Kim. 2016. "Effect of Sensors on the Reliability and Control Performance of Power Circuits in the Web of Things (WoT)." Sensors 16, no. 9: 1430.