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Traditionally, smart-connected products are predominantly utilized during the usage phase of the product lifecycle. However, we argue that there are distinct benefits of system-integrated sensor systems during the beginning of life, more specifically in manufacturing and assembly. In this paper, we analyze the ability of a smart-connected product with an integrated sensor system to recognize and label different manufacturing processes, generating a distinct process fingerprint within a discrete smart manufacturing system. The ability of the smart-connected product to detect distinct manufacturing process patterns (‘process fingerprint’) enables the production planner and operator, e.g., to optimize the scheduling, improve part quality, and/or reduce the energy footprint. The experimental setup is based on a FestoDidactics CPlab with eight different manufacturing processes. The smart-connected product is equipped with a sensor system providing data from eight different sensors (e.g., temperature, humidity, acceleration). We used an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithm to create a model to detect specific events/patterns within the dataset after labelling it manually over the course of a complete production cycle. The focal manufacturing process was the heating tunnel where the smart-connected product was exposed to a heat treatment process and sequence. The results of this prototypical implementation indicate that a smart-connected product can reliably recognize specific process patterns with a system-integrated sensor system during a simulated manufacturing process. While this work is only a first step, the potential applications and benefits are promising and further research should focus on the potential quality implications within smart manufacturing of product-integrated sensor readings compared to machine tool-based sensors, both of which monitored during the beginning of life. Smart products’ integrated sensor systems provide the means to obtain measurements relevant for smart manufacturing systems that are not obtainable with common external sensor systems today.
Juergen Lenz; Valerio Pelosi; Marco Taisch; Eric MacDonald; Thorsten Wuest. Data-driven Context Awareness of Smart Products in Discrete Smart Manufacturing Systems. Procedia Manufacturing 2020, 52, 38 -43.
AMA StyleJuergen Lenz, Valerio Pelosi, Marco Taisch, Eric MacDonald, Thorsten Wuest. Data-driven Context Awareness of Smart Products in Discrete Smart Manufacturing Systems. Procedia Manufacturing. 2020; 52 ():38-43.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuergen Lenz; Valerio Pelosi; Marco Taisch; Eric MacDonald; Thorsten Wuest. 2020. "Data-driven Context Awareness of Smart Products in Discrete Smart Manufacturing Systems." Procedia Manufacturing 52, no. : 38-43.
This paper presents a framework to utilize multivariate time series data to automatically identify reoccurring events, e.g., resembling failure patterns in real-world manufacturing data by combining selected data mining techniques. The use case revolves around the auxiliary polymer manufacturing process of drying and feeding plastic granulate to extrusion or injection molding machines. The overall framework presented in this paper includes a comparison of two different approaches towards the identification of unique patterns in the real-world industrial data set. The first approach uses a subsequent heuristic segmentation and clustering approach, the second branch features a collaborative method with a built-in time dependency structure at its core (TICC). Both alternatives have been facilitated by a standard principle component analysis PCA (feature fusion) and a hyperparameter optimization (TPE) approach. The performance of the corresponding approaches was evaluated through established and commonly accepted metrics in the field of (unsupervised) machine learning. The results suggest the existence of several common failure sources (patterns) for the machine. Insights such as these automatically detected events can be harnessed to develop an advanced monitoring method to predict upcoming failures, ultimately reducing unplanned machine downtime in the future.
Vadim Kapp; Marvin May; Gisela Lanza; Thorsten Wuest. Pattern Recognition in Multivariate Time Series: Towards an Automated Event Detection Method for Smart Manufacturing Systems. Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 2020, 4, 88 .
AMA StyleVadim Kapp, Marvin May, Gisela Lanza, Thorsten Wuest. Pattern Recognition in Multivariate Time Series: Towards an Automated Event Detection Method for Smart Manufacturing Systems. Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing. 2020; 4 (3):88.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVadim Kapp; Marvin May; Gisela Lanza; Thorsten Wuest. 2020. "Pattern Recognition in Multivariate Time Series: Towards an Automated Event Detection Method for Smart Manufacturing Systems." Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 4, no. 3: 88.
Gamification is a growing topic of interest across all industries, including manufacturing. We conducted a literature review to determine the past and current research being conducted in the realm of gamification within manufacturing. We found that significant research is being performed, with growth in recent years. However, our analysis also found that the research is widespread, and not one group of researchers are focused on a niche area for gamification in manufacturing. Gamification in manufacturing research often focuses on three different research areas: knowledge acquisition, training, and operational tasks. Gamification research is conducted in equal parts of in-industry and in-lab settings. Literature reviews, empirical studies, and case studies are commonly used and published, and no specific methodology stands out as being preferred over the other. We found that conducting statistical hypothesis testing is feasible and appropriate when conducting an empirical or case study. Our paper summarizes the analysis by drawing additional conclusions and suggesting future research avenues for other researchers interested in how gamification is and can be incorporated within the manufacturing domain.
MaKenzie Keepers; David Romero; Jannicke Baalsrud Hauge; Thorsten Wuest. Gamification of Operational Tasks in Manufacturing. Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World 2020, 107 -114.
AMA StyleMaKenzie Keepers, David Romero, Jannicke Baalsrud Hauge, Thorsten Wuest. Gamification of Operational Tasks in Manufacturing. Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World. 2020; ():107-114.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaKenzie Keepers; David Romero; Jannicke Baalsrud Hauge; Thorsten Wuest. 2020. "Gamification of Operational Tasks in Manufacturing." Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World , no. : 107-114.
The evolution of manufacturing throughout time has allowed our industrial world to develop and ever faster create various products in large numbers using a myriad of industrial manufacturing processes. However, like everything in the world, time moves forward and the evolution does not stop but accelerate. Therefore, the implementation of Augmented Reality (AR) through the use of the internet of things, low cost sensors, and free programming languages, are all contributing factors to further advanced the industry. These implementations will allow for faster data processing, quicker error recovery time, loss and error prevention, a wider range of employees at different skill levels to be productive in a manufacturing environment. The implementation of an Arduino based sensor system into the manufacturing process enables data streaming to an AR device. This system allows for instant data streaming and visualization to the user/operator with information pertaining to the status of the product (‘state’), key developments, and changes in the product/or system, any associated errors, and the best way to proceed with resolving them. The AR enabled system with its capability to streaming relevant information prevents losses associated with product quality issues and/or process down-time among a myriad of other applications. Preliminary research shows the ability to collect data from the product in addition to data processing on an external device to later be used on an augmented reality device.
Joshua Gross; Thorsten Wuest. Smart Products in Smart Manufacturing Systems: An Opportunity to Utilize AR? Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World 2020, 487 -494.
AMA StyleJoshua Gross, Thorsten Wuest. Smart Products in Smart Manufacturing Systems: An Opportunity to Utilize AR? Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World. 2020; ():487-494.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoshua Gross; Thorsten Wuest. 2020. "Smart Products in Smart Manufacturing Systems: An Opportunity to Utilize AR?" Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World , no. : 487-494.
In the wake of industry 4.0, many industries have started to pivot towards digital, collaborative, and smart manufacturing systems by connecting their machinery as part of the Internet of Things (IoT). IoT has the potential to provide visibility and improve manufacturing systems through data collection, analysis, and subsequent actions based on insights generated from large amounts of manufacturing data. Even though comparatively newer equipment come readily equipped with embedded sensors and industrial connectivity necessary to connect to the IoT environment, there are many manufacturers (equipment users) who rely on long standing “legacy systems” that offer no or very limited connectivity. In this context, solutions mostly result in the development of low-cost retrofit or upgrade kits that allow integrating legacy equipment into Industry 4.0 environment and thus enable digital servitization. Servitization is a transformation journey that involves firms developing the capabilities they need to provide technical and data-driven services that supplement traditional product offerings. However, retrofitting solutions of legacy equipment rarely involve Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) who may otherwise leverage the opportunity to create and capture unique value by retrofitting and then provisioning data-driven value-added services for the manufacturers. Hence, the primary objective of this paper is to identify and analyze the available literature on retrofitting and upgrading of the legacy equipment for Industry 4.0 integration. In doing so, this study also investigates the potential opportunities and challenges of OEMs in supporting the Industry 4.0 transition of legacy equipment in a servitization context.
Michela Zambetti; Muztoba A. Khan; Roberto Pinto; Thorsten Wuest. Enabling servitization by retrofitting legacy equipment for Industry 4.0 applications: benefits and barriers for OEMs. Procedia Manufacturing 2020, 48, 1047 -1053.
AMA StyleMichela Zambetti, Muztoba A. Khan, Roberto Pinto, Thorsten Wuest. Enabling servitization by retrofitting legacy equipment for Industry 4.0 applications: benefits and barriers for OEMs. Procedia Manufacturing. 2020; 48 ():1047-1053.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichela Zambetti; Muztoba A. Khan; Roberto Pinto; Thorsten Wuest. 2020. "Enabling servitization by retrofitting legacy equipment for Industry 4.0 applications: benefits and barriers for OEMs." Procedia Manufacturing 48, no. : 1047-1053.
Thorsten Wuest; Andrew Kusiak; Tinglong Dai; Sridhar Tayur. Impact of COVID-19: The Case for AI-Inspired Digital Transformation. Volume 47, Number 3, June 2020 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleThorsten Wuest, Andrew Kusiak, Tinglong Dai, Sridhar Tayur. Impact of COVID-19: The Case for AI-Inspired Digital Transformation. Volume 47, Number 3, June 2020. 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThorsten Wuest; Andrew Kusiak; Tinglong Dai; Sridhar Tayur. 2020. "Impact of COVID-19: The Case for AI-Inspired Digital Transformation." Volume 47, Number 3, June 2020 , no. : 1.
Over the last year, there was rarely a day without industry announcing a new project involving Digital Twins or a scholarly publication with Digital Twin in the title. However, given the novelty of the concept and the pace of these developments, there are several fundamental open questions yet to be answered. In this paper, we take a step back and holistically discuss the Digital Twin and its related concepts. We aim to explore the “engineering requirements” for developing a Cyber-Physical Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) Environment to support the cyber-physical product lifecycle – the foundation of functional and effective Digital Twins. Furthermore, we provide definitions for a digital product model, an intelligent product, a cyber-physical product, a product avatar, a digital shadow, and a digital thread, and discuss their interrelations as the main building blocks for developing a Cyber-Physical PLM Environment.
David Romero; Thorsten Wuest; Ramy Harik; Klaus-Dieter Thoben. Towards a Cyber-Physical PLM Environment: The Role of Digital Product Models, Intelligent Products, Digital Twins, Product Avatars and Digital Shadows. IFAC-PapersOnLine 2020, 53, 10911 -10916.
AMA StyleDavid Romero, Thorsten Wuest, Ramy Harik, Klaus-Dieter Thoben. Towards a Cyber-Physical PLM Environment: The Role of Digital Product Models, Intelligent Products, Digital Twins, Product Avatars and Digital Shadows. IFAC-PapersOnLine. 2020; 53 (2):10911-10916.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDavid Romero; Thorsten Wuest; Ramy Harik; Klaus-Dieter Thoben. 2020. "Towards a Cyber-Physical PLM Environment: The Role of Digital Product Models, Intelligent Products, Digital Twins, Product Avatars and Digital Shadows." IFAC-PapersOnLine 53, no. 2: 10911-10916.
This paper proposes Jidoka (automation with a human touch) as the main guiding principle for SMEs digital transformation; understood as the continuous increase of levels of automation and intelligence at their shopfloors in an economic, social and technological sustainable way. It stresses the forgotten dual nature of Jidoka as an ‘automation approach’ as well as a ‘learning system’, capable of simultaneously improving the efficiency of manufacturing processes and cultivating the workforce skills needed to develop and/or adopt advanced automation solutions. The paper aims to remind the developers of automatic control systems in the Industry 4.0 era that it is only through human-machine mutual learning, characterized by cyber-physical-social interactions (cf. Jidoka 4.0 Systems), that sustainable higher levels of automation and intelligence can be achieved. Human operators need to know the processes that are being automated, so that, at the same time, this knowledge can be continuously updated and processes improved as digital technologies evolve: “Incorporating human learning, gives automation its human touch”.
David Romero; Paolo Gaiardelli; Daryl Powell; Thorsten Wuest; Matthias Thürer. Rethinking Jidoka Systems under Automation & Learning Perspectives in the Digital Lean Manufacturing World. IFAC-PapersOnLine 2019, 52, 899 -903.
AMA StyleDavid Romero, Paolo Gaiardelli, Daryl Powell, Thorsten Wuest, Matthias Thürer. Rethinking Jidoka Systems under Automation & Learning Perspectives in the Digital Lean Manufacturing World. IFAC-PapersOnLine. 2019; 52 (13):899-903.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDavid Romero; Paolo Gaiardelli; Daryl Powell; Thorsten Wuest; Matthias Thürer. 2019. "Rethinking Jidoka Systems under Automation & Learning Perspectives in the Digital Lean Manufacturing World." IFAC-PapersOnLine 52, no. 13: 899-903.
Smart manufacturing is developed mostly in technology-driven engineering fields. Data analytics transforms many data-driven and digital industries. This chapter studies the role of data analytics in smart manufacturing business model transformation based on product-service systems perspective.
Thorsten Wuest. Data Analytics Enabled Smart Manufacturing Business Model Transformation – A Product-Service Systems Perspective. Dynamics of Disasters 2019, 29 -31.
AMA StyleThorsten Wuest. Data Analytics Enabled Smart Manufacturing Business Model Transformation – A Product-Service Systems Perspective. Dynamics of Disasters. 2019; ():29-31.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThorsten Wuest. 2019. "Data Analytics Enabled Smart Manufacturing Business Model Transformation – A Product-Service Systems Perspective." Dynamics of Disasters , no. : 29-31.
Fast-paced technology lifecycles continuously increase the uncertainty of decision-making processes when it comes to acquisition of new technological innovations. This is especially true in case of technology acquisitions by means of equipment replacement that is often capital intensive and time consuming. The midlife upgrade strategy, building on manufacturing servitization and product-service system (PSS) business models, presents a promising alternative to traditional equipment replacement. Midlife upgrades describe the extension of capital equipment’s remaining useful life by means of upgrading components, sub-systems or the like in response to certain triggers from users, environment, or market. However, the concept of midlife upgrade has thus far been discussed primarily from a theoretical perspective in literature. The state of the art lacks empirical evidence regarding the potential and outcome of successful midlife upgrades. In this paper, our objective is to empirically investigate the potential of midlife upgrade of capital equipment as a value-adding alternative to traditional equipment replacement in the context of servitization. To this end, first we develop a replacement decision framework based on the influencing factors and motivations behind equipment replacement. Then we present five case studies of capital equipment that have been upgraded during their middle of life to perform beyond their initial design specification. These case studies are analyzed based on the replacement decision framework with the goal of understanding whether the established influencing factors and motivations behind traditional equipment replacement are also applicable to capital equipment midlife upgrades and if so, to what extent. Our findings indicate that midlife upgrades have the potential to effectively postpone replacement while extending the remaining useful life of capital equipment and thereby facilitate the implementation of the circular economy. Our findings also suggest that midlife upgrades indeed present a value-adding alternative to traditional equipment replacement from the perspectives of both users and manufacturers, especially when provisioned with a servitized PSS business model.
Muztoba A. Khan; Shaun West; Thorsten Wuest. Midlife upgrade of capital equipment: A servitization-enabled, value-adding alternative to traditional equipment replacement strategies. CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology 2019, 29, 232 -244.
AMA StyleMuztoba A. Khan, Shaun West, Thorsten Wuest. Midlife upgrade of capital equipment: A servitization-enabled, value-adding alternative to traditional equipment replacement strategies. CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology. 2019; 29 ():232-244.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuztoba A. Khan; Shaun West; Thorsten Wuest. 2019. "Midlife upgrade of capital equipment: A servitization-enabled, value-adding alternative to traditional equipment replacement strategies." CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology 29, no. : 232-244.
How do modernized maintenance operations, often referred to as “Smart Maintenance”, impact the performance of manufacturing plants? This question is a pressing challenge for practitioners and scholars in industrial maintenance management, in direct response to the transition to an industrial environment with pervasive digital technologies. This paper is the second part of a two-paper series. We present an empirically grounded research agenda that reflects the heterogeneity in industrial adoption and performance of Smart Maintenance. Focus groups and interviews with more than 110 experts from over 20 different firms were used to identify contingencies, responses, and performance implications of Smart Maintenance. The findings were transformed into a contingency model, providing the basis for a research agenda consisting of five principal areas: (1) environmental contingencies; (2) institutional isomorphism; (3) implementation issues related to change, investments and interfaces; (4) the four dimensions of Smart Maintenance; and (5) performance implications at the plant and firm level. The agenda can guide the field of industrial maintenance management to move from exploratory work to confirmatory work, studying the validity of the proposed concepts as well as the magnitude and direction of their relationships. This will ultimately help scholars and practitioners answer how Smart Maintenance can impact industrial performance.
Jon Bokrantz; Anders Skoogh; Cecilia Berlin; Thorsten Wuest; Johan Stahre. Smart Maintenance: a research agenda for industrial maintenance management. International Journal of Production Economics 2019, 224, 107547 .
AMA StyleJon Bokrantz, Anders Skoogh, Cecilia Berlin, Thorsten Wuest, Johan Stahre. Smart Maintenance: a research agenda for industrial maintenance management. International Journal of Production Economics. 2019; 224 ():107547.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJon Bokrantz; Anders Skoogh; Cecilia Berlin; Thorsten Wuest; Johan Stahre. 2019. "Smart Maintenance: a research agenda for industrial maintenance management." International Journal of Production Economics 224, no. : 107547.
How do modernized maintenance operations, often referred to as “Smart Maintenance”, impact the performance of manufacturing plants? The inability to answer this question backed by data is a problem for industrial maintenance management, especially in light of the ongoing rapid transition towards an industrial environment with pervasive digital technologies. To this end, this paper, which is the first part of a two-paper series, aims to investigate and answer the question, “What is Smart Maintenance?“. The authors deployed an empirical, inductive research approach to conceptualize Smart Maintenance using focus groups and interviews with more than 110 experts from over 20 different firms. By viewing our original data through the lens of multiple general theories, our findings chart new directions for contemporary and future maintenance research. This paper describes empirical observations and theoretical interpretations cumulating in the first empirically grounded definition of Smart Maintenance and its four underlying dimensions; data-driven decision-making, human capital resource, internal integration, and external integration. In addition, the relationships between the underlying dimensions are specified and the concept structure formally modeled. This study thus achieves concept clarity with respect to Smart Maintenance, thereby making several theoretical and managerial contributions that guide both scholars and practitioners within the field of industrial maintenance management.
Jon Bokrantz; Anders Skoogh; Cecilia Berlin; Thorsten Wuest; Johan Stahre. Smart Maintenance: an empirically grounded conceptualization. International Journal of Production Economics 2019, 223, 107534 .
AMA StyleJon Bokrantz, Anders Skoogh, Cecilia Berlin, Thorsten Wuest, Johan Stahre. Smart Maintenance: an empirically grounded conceptualization. International Journal of Production Economics. 2019; 223 ():107534.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJon Bokrantz; Anders Skoogh; Cecilia Berlin; Thorsten Wuest; Johan Stahre. 2019. "Smart Maintenance: an empirically grounded conceptualization." International Journal of Production Economics 223, no. : 107534.
This paper aims to analyse and understand the perceived impacts of platform openness from the perspective of the Industrial Internet (II) platform providers and end-users. A qualitative case study approach was used to analyse the impact of II platform openness on platform end-users’ businesses. Four major II platforms and two II platform end-users were interviewed as part of the case studies. From the end-user perspective, the perceived impacts of II platform openness were different from the II platform providers. This research will allow managers of end-user companies to make informed decisions while selecting platforms based on the level of openness. The novelty, as well as the aim of this paper, is to analyse and understand the perceptions of II platform providers and end-users when it comes to II-platform openness and related impacts. Long-term impacts, in particular, are difficult to envision before using II platforms or experimenting with various other platforms.
Karan Menon; Hannu Kärkkäinen; Thorsten Wuest. Industrial internet platform provider and end-user perceptions of platform openness impacts. Industry and Innovation 2019, 27, 363 -389.
AMA StyleKaran Menon, Hannu Kärkkäinen, Thorsten Wuest. Industrial internet platform provider and end-user perceptions of platform openness impacts. Industry and Innovation. 2019; 27 (4):363-389.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKaran Menon; Hannu Kärkkäinen; Thorsten Wuest. 2019. "Industrial internet platform provider and end-user perceptions of platform openness impacts." Industry and Innovation 27, no. 4: 363-389.
Smart Manufacturing (SM) a revolutionary paradigm that aims to improve production systems’ performance in terms of quality, time, cost, and flexibility, as well as human and machine decision-making capabilities. Most large enterprises have already taken first steps towards adopting SM. Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) on the other hand, are struggling with developing a SM adoption roadmap. Our research builds on the real and perceived needs and challenges faced by manufacturing SMEs and advances the field by developing and evaluating an SME-specific ‘SM adoption framework’. We have employed a multiple case study approach to acknowledge the lessons learned by selected early-adopter SMEs that have recently implemented and deployed SM tools and practices. We propose an SM adoption framework with five vital steps that SMEs interested in SM should follow: (i) identify manufacturing data available within the SME, (ii) readiness assessment of the SME data-hierarchy steps, (iii) developing SM awareness of SME leadership and staff, (iv) develop a SM tailored vision for the SMEs, and (v) identify appropriate SM tools and practices necessary to realise the tailored SM vision. Moreover, the results of the case study analysis enabled us to formulate many generalisations.
Sameer Mittal; Muztoba Ahmad Khan; Jayant Purohit; Karan Menon; David Romero; Thorsten Wuest. A smart manufacturing adoption framework for SMEs. International Journal of Production Research 2019, 58, 1555 -1573.
AMA StyleSameer Mittal, Muztoba Ahmad Khan, Jayant Purohit, Karan Menon, David Romero, Thorsten Wuest. A smart manufacturing adoption framework for SMEs. International Journal of Production Research. 2019; 58 (5):1555-1573.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSameer Mittal; Muztoba Ahmad Khan; Jayant Purohit; Karan Menon; David Romero; Thorsten Wuest. 2019. "A smart manufacturing adoption framework for SMEs." International Journal of Production Research 58, no. 5: 1555-1573.
The APMS conference and IFIP WG 5.7 community can proudly look back at a rich history of research and practical impact in the field of production and production management. However, in the light of the recent disruptions of the field, often summarized under the terms Industry 4.0 or Smart Manufacturing, it is critical to assess recent research trends and changing key topics within the community to enable informed decisions about the future directions of the conference. This paper takes a critical look at 1,428 published papers from the APMS proceedings that are available on Scopus and derives key insights through a bibliometric study. A special focus is put on the last five years to reflect the recent effects of digital transformation on the driving topics of the conference. The results show the emergence and dominance of Industry 4.0 among the recent topics, but also provides evidence of established topics, such as sustainability, remaining relevant. Overall, the study provides a wealth of information that provides the foundation for forward looking discussion among the community members.
MaKenzie Keepers; David Romero; Thorsten Wuest. The APMS Conference & IFIP WG5.7 in the 21st Century: A Bibliometric Study. Security Education and Critical Infrastructures 2019, 1 -13.
AMA StyleMaKenzie Keepers, David Romero, Thorsten Wuest. The APMS Conference & IFIP WG5.7 in the 21st Century: A Bibliometric Study. Security Education and Critical Infrastructures. 2019; ():1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaKenzie Keepers; David Romero; Thorsten Wuest. 2019. "The APMS Conference & IFIP WG5.7 in the 21st Century: A Bibliometric Study." Security Education and Critical Infrastructures , no. : 1-13.
Upgradable products are comparatively more robust against uncertainties stemming from future technological innovations and market movements. They have the potential to satisfy evolving consumers’ preferences by integrating functional and performance enrichments during different consecutive life cycle stages. In academia, there is a growing interest in upgradability as a product life cycle extension strategy, especially given the growing importance of a product’s middle of life stage. However, due to novelty, complexity, and associated risks, upgradable products require a change in the general value proposition structure of standard products. Consequently, manufacturers need to rethink consumer relationships, key partners, channels, revenue streams, etc. (i.e., business model) in order to align with the new value proposition structure. This can be addressed by developing upgradable products as Product Service Systems (PSS) and then provisioning them with a business model that is designed specifically for upgradable PSS. To provide a first step towards a comprehensive business model framework, this paper analyzes the specificities of upgradable PSS and their implication on the components of the well-established Business Model Canvas based on a literature review.
Muztoba Ahmad Khan; Thorsten Wuest. Upgradable Product-Service Systems: Implications for Business Model Components. Procedia CIRP 2019, 80, 768 -773.
AMA StyleMuztoba Ahmad Khan, Thorsten Wuest. Upgradable Product-Service Systems: Implications for Business Model Components. Procedia CIRP. 2019; 80 ():768-773.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuztoba Ahmad Khan; Thorsten Wuest. 2019. "Upgradable Product-Service Systems: Implications for Business Model Components." Procedia CIRP 80, no. : 768-773.
Industry 4.0 and the Smart Manufacturing paradigm are rapidly transforming the way business is conducted in the manufacturing industry. The underlying core technologies of the emerging digital transformation include the Internet of Things (IoT) and data analytics. While the shop floor is the main focus of these paradigms in the narrow sense, it is becoming more prevalent for other companies or business units along the digital supply network to investigate the potential to improve their processes by leveraging these technologies as well. One area that is traditionally reliant on human operators and optimization is the trucking industry. In recent years, this industry has started to explore how the above-mentioned technologies can be utilized to improve their operations, and new policies are further amplifying this process, e.g., by mandating Electronic Logging Device (ELD) to be used by commercial drivers in the USA. This development forces companies to collect digital, high-resolution data – and the question emerges how to utilize this data in the most value-adding way. In this paper, we analyze the current state of the art of digital transformation in the trucking industry by conducting a bibliometric study of recently published papers to identify the main research areas and themes in this field, the leading authors, countries, and journals in this domain. This work will provide the basis for further in-depth studies on optimization techniques and available case studies to provide theoretical input for practitioners and scholars.
MaKenzie Keepers; Thorsten Wuest. Smart Trucking - Status of Digital Transformation of the Trucking Industry: A Bibliometric Analysis. Procedia CIRP 2019, 86, 26 -30.
AMA StyleMaKenzie Keepers, Thorsten Wuest. Smart Trucking - Status of Digital Transformation of the Trucking Industry: A Bibliometric Analysis. Procedia CIRP. 2019; 86 ():26-30.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaKenzie Keepers; Thorsten Wuest. 2019. "Smart Trucking - Status of Digital Transformation of the Trucking Industry: A Bibliometric Analysis." Procedia CIRP 86, no. : 26-30.
Technology, human and financial capitals will always be a significant constraint for manufacturing Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs). Keeping that in mind, this paper introduces a modular Smart Manufacturing (SM) Toolkit for SMEs as a set of technologies, methods, tools, and practices that can help manufacturing enterprises to increase their SM capabilities. The modular SM toolkit is composed of seven individual specialized toolboxes, which cover both technical and business management aspects of a successful digital transformation in a manufacturing SME. In addition, the various SME functions that can be supported with each individual toolbox are presented as well. The paper concludes with two short demonstration case studies as a means of an early validation mechanism for the SM toolkit in refinement.
Sameer Mittal; David Romero; Thorsten Wuest. Towards a Smart Manufacturing Toolkit for SMEs. Product Lifecycle Management to Support Industry 4.0 2018, 476 -487.
AMA StyleSameer Mittal, David Romero, Thorsten Wuest. Towards a Smart Manufacturing Toolkit for SMEs. Product Lifecycle Management to Support Industry 4.0. 2018; ():476-487.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSameer Mittal; David Romero; Thorsten Wuest. 2018. "Towards a Smart Manufacturing Toolkit for SMEs." Product Lifecycle Management to Support Industry 4.0 , no. : 476-487.
Product lifecycles can contain several waste management steps after the production of a product. At each step, ‘end-of-life’ supply chains can separate, each emerging supply chain representing an intended lifecycle or an unintended, though not necessarily inferior lifecycle in terms of sustainability. This variety demonstrates the complexity arising at the end-of-life and indicates that not necessarily a single actor coordinates these supply chains. The cascade use methodology targets this complexity by identifying sustainable supply chains, possibly managed by alternative actors. This study applies the methodology to a novel case of vehicle reuse and conversion discussing its sustainability and implications for decision makers. The authors argue for more adaptive management approaches to address sustainability in product lifecycles more holistically.
Matthias Kalverkamp; Alexandra Pehlken; Thorsten Wuest; Steven B. Young. Sustainability of Cascading Product Lifecycles. Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sciences 2018, 159 -168.
AMA StyleMatthias Kalverkamp, Alexandra Pehlken, Thorsten Wuest, Steven B. Young. Sustainability of Cascading Product Lifecycles. Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sciences. 2018; ():159-168.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMatthias Kalverkamp; Alexandra Pehlken; Thorsten Wuest; Steven B. Young. 2018. "Sustainability of Cascading Product Lifecycles." Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sciences , no. : 159-168.
The core idea of Industrial Internet, Industry 4.0, Smart Manufacturing and Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) is to utilize Internet of Things (IoT) based technologies and applications for the purpose of enhanced operations productivity. These IoT technologies and applications help companies to integrate their business as well as their engineering, manufacturing and service processes making their operations more robust, efficient and sustainable (green) with supreme quality. Switching cost and openness of the industrial internet (II) platform has many short and long-term impacts on the end-users’ business. Hence the openness is often considered to be free or synonymous to open source. The purpose of this paper is to understand and analyze the impact of II-platform’s increased openness and its dimensions on switching costs framework. For empirics and to test the developed framework we conducted a training and a workshop, where 11 manufacturing and service industry representatives describe the main types of switching costs that would be impacted because of increased openness of II-platforms. As a managerial implication this new switching cost framework seem to provide a tool to evaluate the specific preferences and potential positive and negative impacts of II openness on their respective businesses.
Karan Menon; Hannu Kärkkäinen; Thorsten Wuest; Timo Seppälä. Is Openness Really Free? A Critical Analysis of Switching Costs for Industrial Internet Platforms. Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sciences 2018, 215 -226.
AMA StyleKaran Menon, Hannu Kärkkäinen, Thorsten Wuest, Timo Seppälä. Is Openness Really Free? A Critical Analysis of Switching Costs for Industrial Internet Platforms. Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sciences. 2018; ():215-226.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKaran Menon; Hannu Kärkkäinen; Thorsten Wuest; Timo Seppälä. 2018. "Is Openness Really Free? A Critical Analysis of Switching Costs for Industrial Internet Platforms." Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sciences , no. : 215-226.