The purpose of this study was to use the same ice temperature and air temperature as the Pyeongchang Curling Stadium by using an Ice Chamber. Then, launch the stone at the same speed, and move according to the sweeping conditions (perpendicular to the axis of motion, along the axis of motion) of male and female elite curlers. The aim is to provide sports science information required for curling athletes by analyzing the distance of the stone, the change in the speed of a moved stone, the change in broom acceleration, and athletes’ muscle activity. The results of experiments conducted on four male and four elite female curlers are as follows. Under gender, the stone’s movement distance was long after the sweeping of male athletes, and the speed of the stone was not different according to the conditions. The broom’s acceleration did not show a difference in both the sweeping condition and the athlete’s gender condition, and the muscle activity did not show a significant difference in both the sweeping condition and the gender condition. In summary, it is thought that male athletes moved the stone farther by raising the ice surface temperature by vertical load than female athletes. Also, there was no statistically significant difference in muscle activity results, but it was found that there was a specific pattern of muscle activity in the pushing and pulling motions during the sweeping of male and female athletes. It is expected to be used as primary data.

The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the kinematic characteristics of the upper limb segments during the archery shooting of Paralympic Wheelchair Class archers (ARW2—second wheelchair class—paraplegia or comparable disability) and Paralympic Standing Class archers (ARST—standing archery class—loss of 25 points in the upper limbs or lower limbs), where archers are classified according to their disability grade among elite disabled archers. The participants of this study were selected as seven elite athletes with disabilities by the ARW2 (n = 4) and ARST (n = 3). The analysis variables were (1) the time required for each phase, (2) the angle of inclination of the body center, (3) the change of trajectory of body center, and (4) the change of the movement trajectory of the bow center by phase when performing six shots in total. The ARW2 group (drawing phase; M = 2.228 s, p < 0.05, holding phase; M = 4.414 s, p < 0.05) showed a longer time than the ARST group (drawing phase; M = 0.985 s, holding phase; M = 3.042 s), and the angle of the body did not show a significant difference between the two groups. Additionally, in the direction of the anteroposterior axis in the drawing phase, the change in the movement trajectory of the body center showed a more significant amount of change in the ARW2 group than in the ARST group, and the change in the movement trajectory of the bow center did not show a significant difference between the two groups.

Reaction time is important to determine the performance of fencing. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reaction time and muscle activity and compare the movement among genders during Marche-fente. Fifteen Korean national Fleuret fencing athletes participated and were instructed to perform Marche-fente. Reaction time was measured with Plug & Play equipment and muscle activation was obtained by electromyography. The male athletes (0.94 ± 0.08 s) were faster than female athletes, who a performance of 1.03 ± 0.05 s. As the knee extensors activation was increased, the movement and response time was shorter (rectus femoris (RF); r = −0.526, p < 0.05, vastus lateralis oblique (VLO); r = −0.628, p < 0.05). In phase 1, men activated more knee extensors in the dominant leg, whereas the activation of knee flexors was increased to maintain a stable posture in women. Additionally, women used other muscles instead of large muscles such as RF and VLO in phase 2. In conclusion, female athletes activated knee flexors rather than knee extensors when moving the center of mass or generating a greater force. Less use of knee extensors is associated with knee injuries; therefore, exercise which activates knee extensors is required for females.