Possible ionospheric effects of the Morelian meteoroid that passed and exploded over Mexico on 19 February 2020 (18 February 2020 local time) were estimated. The meteoroid trajectory, velocity and time of occurrence were calculated based on outdoor camera records. Modeling was used to estimate the meteoroid initial diameter, density, mass, velocity, energy and their change during its flight in the atmosphere. The ensemble of ionospheric scintillation indices calculated from the high-rate GNSS data and the filtered slant Total Electron Content data were used to reveal the presence of ionospheric disturbances generated by shock waves excited by the meteoroid flight and explosion. The first ionospheric responses to phenomena accompanying the meteoroid were detected (2.5–3.5) min after the explosion. The disturbances were attenuated quickly with distance from their source and were rarely recorded by GNSS receivers located more than 600 km from the meteoroid explosion site. The ionospheric disturbances of intermediate-scale, small-scale, shock-acoustic-wave-scale and sometimes medium-scale were revealed. The detected disturbances corresponded to the range of acoustic-gravity waves. An asymmetry of the disturbance manifestation in different directions was observed. The obtained results are in accordance with results of the observation of other meteoroids. Although the object was smaller and of less energy than other known meteoroids, it is an interesting case because, to the best of our knowledge, it isthe first known to us low-latitude meteoroid with the detected ionospheric effects.

This paper contains the description and principles underlying the development of the velocities database of almost 500 GNSS stations with an observational duration of more than two years. They are mainly located in the territory of Eastern and Northern Europe. Various station-motion models, a multi-step technique for filtering the outliers, estimation of errors for station velocities considering different types of noise distribution as well as accounting discontinues in position time-series of stations are used when creating this base. More than 60 % of the stations are owned and constantly updated with data from various geodetic institutions of the Russian Federation. All the data is presented for the first time within one homogeneously processed database. Velocity field of the stations was used for studying the motion of the East European Craton and its parts, Baltic Shield and Russian Plate. An example of atmospheric parametres monitoring for a particularly dense network of this base around the Gulf of Finland is also given.

According to the classical tectonics theory, lithosphere is divided into more than twenty plates that are considered as absolutely rigid. However, modern astronomical and geodetic observations reveal disagreements with the standard theory. First of all, there are already more than two hundreds plates and newer ones are still being discovered. Then, it was found out that lithospheric plates cannot be regarded as absolutely rigid, since they are evidently subject to deformations. This work is aimed at expansion of velocities of the global geodetic network stations into vector spherical harmonic series on the assumption of division of the velocity field into toroidal and poloidal components. Spherical harmonics up to fourth degree are obtained for corresponding components and a preliminary attempt of their geophysical interpretation is submitted.

ISON, being an open international project that collects and interprets data about space objects for scientific analysis and spacecraft operators, includes about 40 observational sites. An involvement of two Mexican sites participating in optical observations of geostationary and highly elliptical objects as a part of the ISON project is considered. A brief description of the facilities and their observation statistics are given. Prospects for the further development of sites for monitoring near-Earth objects in Mexico are presented, including data of astronomical observing conditions from field stations.

A method is proposed for the formation of a numerical criterion, which is a generalized characteristic of weather forecast taking into account features of optical observations. The proposed approach on weather forecast parameterization is used for planning optical observation on some telescopes coordinated by KIAM RAS.