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Dr. Radu Godina
UNIDEMI, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal

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0 Energy & the Environment
0 Industrial Engineering
0 Quality Control
0 industrial symbiosis
0 Industrial Management

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industrial symbiosis
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Journal article
Published: 18 June 2021 in Processes
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This study describes the influence of orchard cultural practices during the productive process of cherries on the environmental impact in terms of energy, air, soil and water through a “farm to market” Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The results were used to identify the orchard cultural practices that contribute significantly to the environmental impact and to find solutions to reduce those impacts, serving as best practices guide to improving the environmental performance and as benchmarks for other national and international cherry and fruit growers. Primary data for production, harvest and post-harvest periods were gathered experimentally. The openLCA 1.10.2 software and the ecoinvent 3.5 database were used for modelling. Test case scenarios are modelled to identify the influence of cultural practices in low and high cherry production campaigns depending on climatic conditions and consequently diseases and plagues. Moreover, results are compared with other studies, not only covering cherries but also other fruits. The energy consumption per hectare in the production phase is similar in test scenarios. The energy consumption of orchard cultural practices related to tractor use, fertilizers and fungicides application are the main hotspots in terms of global warming, freshwater ecotoxicity and eutrophication, and terrestrial acidification. The use of electric vehicles, change the warehouse location or redefine transportation routes can reduce this impact, along with the optimization of the cherry’s quantity transported in each trip. In addition, the use of plant protection products, fertilizers and herbicides with less environmental impact will contribute to this objective. For that, the use of agriculture and precision systems to predict the need for fertilizers (nutrients), herbicides and fungicides, the use of decision support systems to define the dates of cultural practices, as well as innovative and emerging food and by-products processing methods are suggested. Thus, this study identifies and quantifies the environmental impacts associated with the production system of cherries and their main hotspots. It provides a best-practices guide for sustainable solutions in orchard management that contributes to the competitiveness and sustainability of fruit companies.

ACS Style

Pedro Gaspar; Radu Godina; Rui Barrau. Influence of Orchard Cultural Practices during the Productive Process of Cherries through Life Cycle Assessment. Processes 2021, 9, 1065 .

AMA Style

Pedro Gaspar, Radu Godina, Rui Barrau. Influence of Orchard Cultural Practices during the Productive Process of Cherries through Life Cycle Assessment. Processes. 2021; 9 (6):1065.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pedro Gaspar; Radu Godina; Rui Barrau. 2021. "Influence of Orchard Cultural Practices during the Productive Process of Cherries through Life Cycle Assessment." Processes 9, no. 6: 1065.

Journal article
Published: 20 April 2021 in Applied Sciences
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The growing competitiveness in the automotive industry and the strict standards to which it is subject, require high quality standards. For this, quality tools such as the failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) are applied to quantify the risk of potential failure modes. However, for qualitative defects with subjectivity and associated uncertainty, and the lack of specialized technicians, it revealed the inefficiency of the visual inspection process, as well as the limitations of the FMEA that is applied to it. The fuzzy set theory allows dealing with the uncertainty and subjectivity of linguistic terms and, together with the expert systems, allows modeling of the knowledge involved in tasks that require human expertise. In response to the limitations of FMEA, a fuzzy FMEA system was proposed. Integrated in the design, measure, analyze, improve and control (DMAIC) cycle, the proposed system allows the representation of expert knowledge and improves the analysis of subjective failures, hardly detected by visual inspection, compared to FMEA. The fuzzy FMEA system was tested in a real case study at an industrial manufacturing unit. The identified potential failure modes were analyzed and a fuzzy risk priority number (RPN) resulted, which was compared with the classic RPN. The main results revealed several differences between both. The main differences between fuzzy FMEA and classical FMEA come from the non-linear relationship between the variables and in the attribution of an RPN classification that assigns linguistic terms to the results, thus allowing a strengthening of the decision-making regarding the mitigation actions of the most “important” failure modes.

ACS Style

Radu Godina; Beatriz Silva; Pedro Espadinha-Cruz. A DMAIC Integrated Fuzzy FMEA Model: A Case Study in the Automotive Industry. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 3726 .

AMA Style

Radu Godina, Beatriz Silva, Pedro Espadinha-Cruz. A DMAIC Integrated Fuzzy FMEA Model: A Case Study in the Automotive Industry. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (8):3726.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Radu Godina; Beatriz Silva; Pedro Espadinha-Cruz. 2021. "A DMAIC Integrated Fuzzy FMEA Model: A Case Study in the Automotive Industry." Applied Sciences 11, no. 8: 3726.

Journal article
Published: 07 April 2021 in Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments
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The “Circular Car”, as a strategic concept, adopts a circular flow in the whole product lifecycle: reduction, recovery, repair, renovation, reuse, and recycling of all components. These processes are a part of the value chain, and the reason is to increase value and the circularity of materials. The goal of this paper is to develop a conceptual model that uses cars as a case study in order to support the development of a full circular car throughout the product lifecycle, i.e. from the drawing to the use of the vehicle that we know today, to make the companies more environmental, socially and economically responsible. Based on the literature review and interviews and questionnaires with the automotive industry’s stakeholders, a set of practices - designated by “circular practices” – that can be used by the automotive industry are identified and the relationships between them established by using the Interpretative Structural Modelling (ISM). The main results of this study make it possible to identify the practice “Development of alternatives to internal combustion engines” being at the top of the ISM hierarchy, which means that this practice is dependent on the other practices. In order to have the “Circular Car” concept implemented solutions as battery electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, among others, need to be supported by the other “circular practices”.

ACS Style

André V. Martins; Radu Godina; Susana G. Azevedo; Helena Carvalho. Towards the development of a model for circularity: The circular car as a case study. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 2021, 45, 101215 .

AMA Style

André V. Martins, Radu Godina, Susana G. Azevedo, Helena Carvalho. Towards the development of a model for circularity: The circular car as a case study. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments. 2021; 45 ():101215.

Chicago/Turabian Style

André V. Martins; Radu Godina; Susana G. Azevedo; Helena Carvalho. 2021. "Towards the development of a model for circularity: The circular car as a case study." Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 45, no. : 101215.

Journal article
Published: 08 March 2021 in Sustainability
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Knowledge Management as a strategy to improve the quality of the institutional environment can be related to the coordination of activities that create, store and share knowledge. School Management has to deal with different tasks, such as planning, organization, leadership, guidance, monitoring and evaluation of all the processes necessary to ensure the promotion of students’ learning and training. In this context, the Political–Pedagogical Project assists School Management, since it is an important document for the school organization, containing the school’s identity as well as the plan to achieve the best teaching and learning process for the school community. In this sense, the objective of this research was to demonstrate how the Political–Pedagogical Project can promote Knowledge Management at the school level. The methodology used was exploratory and bibliographic research. The results obtained in this paper show that the Political–Pedagogical Project strengthens School Management when it is supported by Knowledge Management, considering that there is an improvement in the promotion of the quality of the organizational environment, as well as the elucidation of effective learning for teachers and students through democratic management.

ACS Style

Andréia Gonçalves Costa; Cristiane Strozzi; Letícia Forno; Rejane Sartori; Radu Godina; Florinda Matos. Knowledge Management and the Political–Pedagogical Project in Brazilian Schools. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2941 .

AMA Style

Andréia Gonçalves Costa, Cristiane Strozzi, Letícia Forno, Rejane Sartori, Radu Godina, Florinda Matos. Knowledge Management and the Political–Pedagogical Project in Brazilian Schools. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (5):2941.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andréia Gonçalves Costa; Cristiane Strozzi; Letícia Forno; Rejane Sartori; Radu Godina; Florinda Matos. 2021. "Knowledge Management and the Political–Pedagogical Project in Brazilian Schools." Sustainability 13, no. 5: 2941.

Review
Published: 06 February 2021 in Processes
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For decades, industrial companies have been collecting and storing high amounts of data with the aim of better controlling and managing their processes. However, this vast amount of information and hidden knowledge implicit in all of this data could be utilized more efficiently. With the help of data mining techniques unknown relationships can be systematically discovered. The production of semiconductors is a highly complex process, which entails several subprocesses that employ a diverse array of equipment. The size of the semiconductors signifies a high number of units can be produced, which require huge amounts of data in order to be able to control and improve the semiconductor manufacturing process. Therefore, in this paper a structured review is made through a sample of 137 papers of the published articles in the scientific community regarding data mining applications in semiconductor manufacturing. A detailed bibliometric analysis is also made. All data mining applications are classified in function of the application area. The results are then analyzed and conclusions are drawn.

ACS Style

Pedro Espadinha-Cruz; Radu Godina; Eduardo Rodrigues. A Review of Data Mining Applications in Semiconductor Manufacturing. Processes 2021, 9, 305 .

AMA Style

Pedro Espadinha-Cruz, Radu Godina, Eduardo Rodrigues. A Review of Data Mining Applications in Semiconductor Manufacturing. Processes. 2021; 9 (2):305.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pedro Espadinha-Cruz; Radu Godina; Eduardo Rodrigues. 2021. "A Review of Data Mining Applications in Semiconductor Manufacturing." Processes 9, no. 2: 305.

Journal article
Published: 30 December 2020 in Applied Sciences
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Considering the advantages associated with the port sector concerning the potential of offshore wind energy, several international ports are aiming to achieve a solid integration in offshore wind energy clusters. This article performs an analysis of several seaports and offshore wind energy clusters in Europe to assess the feasibility of implementing an offshore wind energy cluster in the Port of Aveiro, Portugal. A deep literature review and a case study methodology were performed. Based on the analysis of the offshore energy market, and of the value chain of the company case study (ASM Offshore), it was concluded that the Portuguese market in this sector is not competitive, compared with other international markets. Nevertheless, the development of an offshore wind energy cluster could increase the included companie’s prospects, as well as dispute the growth of other companies associated with this sector. This research is relevant, because there is a lack of research that links the importance of seaports in offshore wind energy projects, in particular with a cluster structure, and because it contributes to knowledge for the development of the Aveiro region and Portugal, based on the exploitation of the renewable energy market and to the increase of related activities.

ACS Style

Helena Junqueira; Margarita Robaina; Susana Garrido; Radu Godina; João C. O. Matias. Viability of Creating an Offshore Wind Energy Cluster: A Case Study. Applied Sciences 2020, 11, 308 .

AMA Style

Helena Junqueira, Margarita Robaina, Susana Garrido, Radu Godina, João C. O. Matias. Viability of Creating an Offshore Wind Energy Cluster: A Case Study. Applied Sciences. 2020; 11 (1):308.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Helena Junqueira; Margarita Robaina; Susana Garrido; Radu Godina; João C. O. Matias. 2020. "Viability of Creating an Offshore Wind Energy Cluster: A Case Study." Applied Sciences 11, no. 1: 308.

Review
Published: 29 December 2020 in Sustainability
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Given the current environmental concerns related to manufacturing, the introduction to the industrial symbiosis concept brought purpose to waste, instead of disposing it in landfills or eliminating it through incineration. The waste generated by industrial processes, or end-of-life products, is redirected to be used as a “new” input in another process by one or more organizations, which is a mutual benefit or a “symbiosis”. Despite its relevancy, the industrial symbiosis concept is marginally explored in the context of additive manufacturing; this emerging technology has disruptive potential regarding the use of different materials as secondary raw materials. This paper presents a systematic literature review regarding industrial symbiosis and additive manufacturing. The main objective is to identify how wastes can be used as input materials to additive manufacturing processes and what exchanges of resources occur in an industrial symbiosis setting. A final sample of 32 documents was reached and analyzed. Five examples of using waste streams in additive manufacturing processes to produce goods were highlighted and explored.

ACS Style

Inês Ferreira; Radu Godina; Helena Carvalho. Waste Valorization through Additive Manufacturing in an Industrial Symbiosis Setting. Sustainability 2020, 13, 234 .

AMA Style

Inês Ferreira, Radu Godina, Helena Carvalho. Waste Valorization through Additive Manufacturing in an Industrial Symbiosis Setting. Sustainability. 2020; 13 (1):234.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Inês Ferreira; Radu Godina; Helena Carvalho. 2020. "Waste Valorization through Additive Manufacturing in an Industrial Symbiosis Setting." Sustainability 13, no. 1: 234.

Journal article
Published: 21 October 2020 in Energies
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The biomass industry is growing due to the current search for greener and more sustainable alternatives to fossil energy sources. However, this industry, due to its singularity, presents several challenges and disadvantages related to the transportation of raw materials, with the large volumes that are usually involved. This project aimed to address this internal logistics situation in torrefied biomass pellets production with two different biomass storage parks, located in Portugal. The main park receives raw material coming directly from the source and stores it in large amounts as a backup and strategic storage park. The second park, with smaller dimensions, precedes the production unit and must be stocked daily. Therefore, a fleet of transport units with self-unloading cranes is required to help to unload the biomass at the main park and transport the raw material from this park to the one preceding the production unit. Thus, the main goal was to determine the dimensions of the fleet used in internal transportation operations to minimize the idle time of the transport units using a methodology already in use in the mining and quarrying industry. This methodology was analyzed and adapted to the situation presented here. The implementation of this study allows the elimination of unnecessary costs in an industry where the profit margins are low.

ACS Style

Leonel J.R. Nunes; Jorge T. Pereira Da Costa; Radu Godina; João C.O. Matias; João P.S. Catalão. A Logistics Management System for a Biomass-to-Energy Production Plant Storage Park. Energies 2020, 13, 5512 .

AMA Style

Leonel J.R. Nunes, Jorge T. Pereira Da Costa, Radu Godina, João C.O. Matias, João P.S. Catalão. A Logistics Management System for a Biomass-to-Energy Production Plant Storage Park. Energies. 2020; 13 (20):5512.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Leonel J.R. Nunes; Jorge T. Pereira Da Costa; Radu Godina; João C.O. Matias; João P.S. Catalão. 2020. "A Logistics Management System for a Biomass-to-Energy Production Plant Storage Park." Energies 13, no. 20: 5512.

Journal article
Published: 06 October 2020 in Clean Technologies
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Currently, the search for alternative sources of energy is not only due to the scarcity of non-renewable sources, since these still have an availability capable of meeting actual consumption needs, but also due to the negative environmental impacts that its consumption presents. Thus, the use of biomass as a renewable and sustainable energy source is increasingly presented as an alternative that must be taken into account. Torrefaction is a conversion process that aims to improve the properties of biomass through its thermal decomposition at temperatures between 220 and 320 °C. Torrefaction can be defined by several variables, which have an impact on the final quality of the torrefied biomass. Therefore, there is an increase in the number of studies involving this topic, in order to improve the production of biomass and its use as a renewable energy source, in addition to reducing the costs of this process. In this work, a protocol was developed for a laboratory test procedure to produce low-cost torrefied biomass samples using equipment that can present a cost reduction of around 90%. The samples were analyzed to prove the viability of the developed protocol. The results obtained agree with the current literature, also confirming the improvement of the biomass properties. This work can serve as a platform for the development of other technologies, such as gasification for the production of hydrogen from torrefied biomass.

ACS Style

Leonel J. R. Nunes; Jorge M. C. Ribeiro; Letícia C. R. Sá; Liliana M. E. F. Loureiro; Radu Godina; João C. O. Matias. Development of a Low-Cost Experimental Procedure for the Production of Laboratory Samples of Torrefied Biomass. Clean Technologies 2020, 2, 406 -421.

AMA Style

Leonel J. R. Nunes, Jorge M. C. Ribeiro, Letícia C. R. Sá, Liliana M. E. F. Loureiro, Radu Godina, João C. O. Matias. Development of a Low-Cost Experimental Procedure for the Production of Laboratory Samples of Torrefied Biomass. Clean Technologies. 2020; 2 (4):406-421.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Leonel J. R. Nunes; Jorge M. C. Ribeiro; Letícia C. R. Sá; Liliana M. E. F. Loureiro; Radu Godina; João C. O. Matias. 2020. "Development of a Low-Cost Experimental Procedure for the Production of Laboratory Samples of Torrefied Biomass." Clean Technologies 2, no. 4: 406-421.

Journal article
Published: 30 September 2020 in Sustainability
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The global transformation of the economy, driven by digital transformation and sustainability challenges, is placing its focus on the evaluation of companies’ intangible assets. Thus, if the report of those intangible assets, namely intellectual capital (IC) management, is endowed with credible metrics, recognized, and accepted, it can work as a guarantee, ensuring the reliability and sustainability of an organization. The aim of this research is to propose a data-driven Intellectual Capital Management Scoring System to be used in the auditing of the IC management of organisations. This paper presents one of the first attempts to use Path Modelling and the Partial Least Squares (PLS) Methodology, combined with Biplots, to define and validate Intellectual Capital Scoring Systems. This system relies on a model estimated using the PLS Path Modelling methodology and uses data from two independent random samples of Portuguese small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which, in turn, was used to obtain two independent model estimates. The results obtained with the mentioned methodology show a good consistency both in performance and very similar parameters estimates, suggesting the validity of the associated scoring function.

ACS Style

Florinda Matos; Valter Vairinhos; Radu Godina. Reporting of Intellectual Capital Management Using a Scoring Model. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8086 .

AMA Style

Florinda Matos, Valter Vairinhos, Radu Godina. Reporting of Intellectual Capital Management Using a Scoring Model. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (19):8086.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Florinda Matos; Valter Vairinhos; Radu Godina. 2020. "Reporting of Intellectual Capital Management Using a Scoring Model." Sustainability 12, no. 19: 8086.

Editorial
Published: 19 September 2020 in Electronics
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Electronic applications use a wide variety of materials, knowledge, and devices, which pave the road to creative design, development, and the creation of countless electronic circuits with the purpose of incorporating them in electronic products. Therefore, power electronics have been fully introduced in industry, in applications such as power supplies, converters, inverters, battery chargers, temperature control, variable speed motors, by studying the effects and the adaptation of electronic power systems to industrial processes. Recently, the role of power electronics has been gaining special significance regarding energy conservation and environmental control. The reality is that the demand for electrical energy grows in a directly proportional manner with the improvement in quality of life. Consequently, the design, development, and optimization of power electronics and controller devices are essential to face forthcoming challenges. In this Special Issue, 19 selected and peer-reviewed papers discussing a wide range of topics contribute to addressing a wide variety of themes, such as motor drives, AC-DC and DC-DC converters, electromagnetic compatibility and multilevel converters.

ACS Style

Eduardo M. G. Rodrigues; Radu Godina; Edris Pouresmaeil. Industrial Applications of Power Electronics. Electronics 2020, 9, 1534 .

AMA Style

Eduardo M. G. Rodrigues, Radu Godina, Edris Pouresmaeil. Industrial Applications of Power Electronics. Electronics. 2020; 9 (9):1534.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eduardo M. G. Rodrigues; Radu Godina; Edris Pouresmaeil. 2020. "Industrial Applications of Power Electronics." Electronics 9, no. 9: 1534.

Journal article
Published: 18 September 2020 in Processes
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Nowadays, there is a growing promotion to label products ecologically in European markets. Knowing that daily products have relevant environmental impact associated with their production, it is of utmost importance to analyse all the related production processes for a better understanding of each process impact. The present study analysed the potential environmental impacts of a Portuguese regional product, the Beira Baixa cheese, coming from the largest national sheep milk region. So, a life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology is used from -cradle-to -gate, including the supplying of the animal feedstock. Impact calculations are performed using the ReCiPe midpoint 2008 method, allowing an analysis of the environmental impacts contributing to climate change, terrestrial acidification, freshwater and marine eutrophication of all productive processes. The results have shown that the greatest impacts occur within the milk production process for all four selected impact categories. This happens mainly due to the fodder cultivation process, also necessary to produce animal feed, which contain processes of fertilization and land preparation. The enteric fermentation and manure management processes have also shown relevant contributions. The impact assessment also showed that the cheesemaking industry has practically insignificant impacts. Nonetheless, the cheesemaking industry can promote their business with these results, by advertising and marketing their product as environmentally friendly, with production processes causing reduced impacts, and therefore also their products.

ACS Style

Óscar Soares Nunes; Pedro Dinis Gaspar; José Nunes; Paula Quinteiro; Ana Cláudia Dias; Radu Godina. Life-Cycle Assessment of Dairy Products—Case Study of Regional Cheese Produced in Portugal. Processes 2020, 8, 1182 .

AMA Style

Óscar Soares Nunes, Pedro Dinis Gaspar, José Nunes, Paula Quinteiro, Ana Cláudia Dias, Radu Godina. Life-Cycle Assessment of Dairy Products—Case Study of Regional Cheese Produced in Portugal. Processes. 2020; 8 (9):1182.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Óscar Soares Nunes; Pedro Dinis Gaspar; José Nunes; Paula Quinteiro; Ana Cláudia Dias; Radu Godina. 2020. "Life-Cycle Assessment of Dairy Products—Case Study of Regional Cheese Produced in Portugal." Processes 8, no. 9: 1182.

Journal article
Published: 30 August 2020 in Sustainability
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Additive manufacturing has the potential to make a longstanding impact on the manufacturing world and is a core element of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Additive manufacturing signifies a new disruptive path on how we will produce parts and products. Several studies suggest this technology could foster sustainability into manufacturing systems based on its potential of optimizing material consumption, creating new shapes, customizing designs and shortening production times that, all combined, will greatly transform some of the existing business models. Although it requires reaching a certain level of design maturity to completely insert this technology in an industrial setting, additive manufacturing has the potential to favorably impact the manufacturing sector by reducing costs in production, logistics, inventories, and in the development and industrialization of a new product. The transformation of the industry and the acceleration of the adopting rate of new technologies is driving organizational strategy. Thus, through the lenses of Industry 4.0 and its technological concepts, this paper aims to contribute to the knowledge about the impacts of additive manufacturing technology on sustainable business models. This aim is accomplished through a proposed framework, as well as the models and scales that can be used to determine these impacts. The effects are assessed by taking into account the social, environmental and economic impacts of additive manufacturing on business models and for all these three dimensions a balanced scorecard structure is proposed.

ACS Style

Radu Godina; Inês Ribeiro; Florinda Matos; Bruna T. Ferreira; Helena Carvalho; Paulo Peças. Impact Assessment of Additive Manufacturing on Sustainable Business Models in Industry 4.0 Context. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7066 .

AMA Style

Radu Godina, Inês Ribeiro, Florinda Matos, Bruna T. Ferreira, Helena Carvalho, Paulo Peças. Impact Assessment of Additive Manufacturing on Sustainable Business Models in Industry 4.0 Context. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (17):7066.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Radu Godina; Inês Ribeiro; Florinda Matos; Bruna T. Ferreira; Helena Carvalho; Paulo Peças. 2020. "Impact Assessment of Additive Manufacturing on Sustainable Business Models in Industry 4.0 Context." Sustainability 12, no. 17: 7066.

Journal article
Published: 20 July 2020 in Sustainability
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Digitizing public services is, at the moment, an essential necessity for numerous governments around the world. An improved government through digitization will not only have a growing effect on businesses, but it will also be able to intensify citizen engagement and push for economic growth. During the last 10 years more countries have progressively begun to provide digital services to their citizens. Therefore, in order to address this development, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the evolution of the digital government literature in order to describe the aspects of digital transformation in the public sector and how it is related to knowledge management. In this study the methodology is quantitative and it is based on a review and a survey made with the main goal being the estimation from several collected data on how the digital transformation process in the Public Administration takes place and what its relationship is with knowledge management. The review study is based on articles found on Scopus database and it addresses the role that digital government research plays in the theory and practice of knowledge management. In the survey study, 54 employees working for the services of the two governmental areas of the Portuguese Ministry of the Environment were surveyed. The results show that the research on the theme is still at an exploratory stage due to the lack of studies relating digital government to knowledge management effectiveness in the public sector. The results also show that the success of digital government seems to be related with the quality of the organizations’ knowledge management, complementing each other for significant improvements in the public sector. In terms of originality, this study aims to contribute and stimulate data-driven discussions regarding the impacts of the digital transformation in the public sector and their relation with the implementation of knowledge management practices. The results offer insights into future research needs.

ACS Style

Ana Alvarenga; Florinda Matos; Radu Godina; João C. O. Matias. Digital Transformation and Knowledge Management in the Public Sector. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5824 .

AMA Style

Ana Alvarenga, Florinda Matos, Radu Godina, João C. O. Matias. Digital Transformation and Knowledge Management in the Public Sector. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (14):5824.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ana Alvarenga; Florinda Matos; Radu Godina; João C. O. Matias. 2020. "Digital Transformation and Knowledge Management in the Public Sector." Sustainability 12, no. 14: 5824.

Journal article
Published: 10 July 2020 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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In the field of the automotive painting industry, the conventional cleaning process uses solvents and high amounts of water to clean different substrates. However, not all solvents are suitable for every type of material, so different types of solvents should be used in order to successfully clean different types of material, as the product under fabrication changes, otherwise, a compromise has to be reached. The current cleaning operation system and respective apparatus occupies a significant area of the industrial facility and uses abundant water. Such use of water requires subsequent drying of the cleaned parts and for residual water treatment, leading to high running costs. In this sense, dry ice blasting appears as an alternative to the current process. This method consists of the projection of solid carbon dioxide particles onto a surface as a means of eliminating stains and contaminants prior to the painting. It is suitable for a wider range of substrates, and the necessary equipment occupies significantly less space when compared with the current process. Thus, there is potential for cost savings. In an industrial painting context, this application is considered new, although its physical principle has been established since the late 1980s. The present study aims to qualitatively evaluate the dry ice blasting process according to the quality standards of an industrial unit. Two types of plastic substrates for automotive parts are tested on-site by using a manual dry ice blasting kit, subject to the normal painting process, and then analyzed according to industrial standards. The results show that the process under study meets all the required quality standards. After being painted, the average number of stains per piece is of the same order of magnitude as the normal production, emphasizing that the average primary stains are lower in the process under study. CO2 emissions and cleaning time is greatly reduced, the cleaning runtime decreased by 96.9% if the dry ice is used as an alternative. The viability of dry ice blasting in the pre-painting of plastic surfaces was demonstrated, and the eco-innovation of the new process discussed.

ACS Style

Ana Onofre; Radu Godina; Helena Carvalho; Isabel Catarino. Eco-innovation in the cleaning process: An application of dry ice blasting in automotive painting industry. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 272, 122987 .

AMA Style

Ana Onofre, Radu Godina, Helena Carvalho, Isabel Catarino. Eco-innovation in the cleaning process: An application of dry ice blasting in automotive painting industry. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 272 ():122987.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ana Onofre; Radu Godina; Helena Carvalho; Isabel Catarino. 2020. "Eco-innovation in the cleaning process: An application of dry ice blasting in automotive painting industry." Journal of Cleaner Production 272, no. : 122987.

Journal article
Published: 28 June 2020 in Applied Sciences
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Additive Manufacturing (AM) is viewed as a disruptive technology with the potential to replace many manufacturing processes. With its rapid proliferation in recent years, it is crucial to understand how to measure this technology’s social impacts. There are many studies available in the existing literature regarding the economic and environmental impacts of AM technology. However, research regarding the social impacts of this technology is still scarce. To this end, this research has developed a framework based on Social Life Cycle Assessment (SLCA) methodology to measure AM products’ social impacts throughout their life cycle stages. The proposed framework includes an underlying mathematical model that was developed to allow for the aggregation of indicator scores. Additionally, cut-off scores were determined to differentiate between positive and negative social impacts. This framework can be applied to case studies, which provides a final score that quantifies the social impacts of an AM product throughout all its life cycle stages. It also provides scores for each stakeholder category and life cycle stage, which facilitates the identification of hotspots that require attention from organizations.

ACS Style

Bardia Naghshineh; Francisco Lourenço; Radu Godina; Celeste Jacinto; Helena Carvalho. A Social Life Cycle Assessment Framework for Additive Manufacturing Products. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 4459 .

AMA Style

Bardia Naghshineh, Francisco Lourenço, Radu Godina, Celeste Jacinto, Helena Carvalho. A Social Life Cycle Assessment Framework for Additive Manufacturing Products. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (13):4459.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bardia Naghshineh; Francisco Lourenço; Radu Godina; Celeste Jacinto; Helena Carvalho. 2020. "A Social Life Cycle Assessment Framework for Additive Manufacturing Products." Applied Sciences 10, no. 13: 4459.

Editorial
Published: 26 June 2020 in Applied Sciences
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The world population is growing at a very high rate, which also entails a massive increase in energy consumption, and also, therefore, in its production, which is gradually and steadily increasing. Energy and the environment are essential to achieving sustainable development, and constitute a fundamental part of human activity. If we consider energy efficiency as the use of an appliance, process or installation for which we try to produce more energy, but with less energy consumption than the average for these appliances, processes or installations, then achieving a higher energy efficiency is imperative. Energy efficiency is a cornerstone policy on the road to stopping climate change and to achieving sustainable societies, along with the development of renewable energy and an environmentally friendly transport policy. In this Special Issue, 11 selected and peer-reviewed articles have been contributed, on a wide range of topics under the umbrella of sustainable energy systems. The published articles encompass distinct areas of interest. One area addresses distributed generation, which addresses such topics as the optimal planning of distributed generation, protection of blind areas in distribution networks, multi-objective optimization in distributed generation, energy management of virtual power plants in distributed generation, and the impact of demand-response programs on a home microgrid, as well as concentrating solar power into a highly renewable, penetrated power system. The second section of the Special Issue addresses a wide range of topics, from parametric studies of 2 MW gas engines or data centers, to combustion characteristics of a non-premixed oxy-flame, to new techniques of PV Tracking, to applications of nanofluids in the thermal performance enhancement of parabolic trough solar collectors.

ACS Style

João Carlos De Oliveira Matias; Radu Godina; Edris Pouresmaeil. Sustainable Energy Systems: Optimization and Efficiency. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 4405 .

AMA Style

João Carlos De Oliveira Matias, Radu Godina, Edris Pouresmaeil. Sustainable Energy Systems: Optimization and Efficiency. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (12):4405.

Chicago/Turabian Style

João Carlos De Oliveira Matias; Radu Godina; Edris Pouresmaeil. 2020. "Sustainable Energy Systems: Optimization and Efficiency." Applied Sciences 10, no. 12: 4405.

Journal article
Published: 20 May 2020 in Applied Sciences
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In recent years, there has been an increase in the adoption of quality tools by companies. As such, there has been a commitment to innovation by the organizations to obtain competitive advantages by the development of new products and technologies focused on the creation of economic value but also on delivering sustainability. This study aims to develop an application model of the inventive resolution theory in conjunction with the Eco-Compass ecological innovation tool, in order to allow solutions to be obtained systematically, and to present a performance increase of certain environmental parameters, promoting thus sustainable innovation. The case study research methodology is used to frame the research. The company under study is Nokia enterprise, located in Portugal, which offers a set of services related to telecommunications infrastructures. The unit of analysis is the department of transformation and continuous improvement, and the study illustrated the application of combined use of theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ) and Eco-compass to develop innovative solutions systematically. The results show that it is possible to achieve innovation according to a certain level of established sustainable environmental parameters, while at the same time solving the identified inventive problem.

ACS Style

Rodrigo Boavida; Helena Navas; Radu Godina; Helena Carvalho; Hiroshi Hasegawa. A Combined Use of TRIZ Methodology and Eco-Compass tool as a Sustainable Innovation Model. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 3535 .

AMA Style

Rodrigo Boavida, Helena Navas, Radu Godina, Helena Carvalho, Hiroshi Hasegawa. A Combined Use of TRIZ Methodology and Eco-Compass tool as a Sustainable Innovation Model. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (10):3535.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rodrigo Boavida; Helena Navas; Radu Godina; Helena Carvalho; Hiroshi Hasegawa. 2020. "A Combined Use of TRIZ Methodology and Eco-Compass tool as a Sustainable Innovation Model." Applied Sciences 10, no. 10: 3535.

Journal article
Published: 09 May 2020 in Applied Sciences
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In order to reach better results for pulse width modulation (PWM)-based methods, the reference waveforms known as control laws have to be achieved with good accuracy. In this paper, three control laws are created by considering the harmonic components of modular multilevel converter (MMC) state variables to suppress the circulating currents under nonlinear load variation. The first control law consists of only the harmonic components of the MMC’s output currents and voltages. Then, the second-order harmonic of circulating currents is also involved with both upper and lower arm currents in order to attain the second control law. Since circulating current suppression is the main aim of this work, the third control law is formed by measuring all harmonic components of circulating currents which impact on the arm currents as well. By making a comparison between the switching signals generated by the three proposed control laws, it is verified that the second-order harmonic of circulating currents can increase the switching losses. In addition, the existence of all circulating current harmonics causes distributed switching patterns, which is not suitable for the switches’ lifetime. Each upper and lower arm has changeable capacitors, named “equivalent submodule (SM) capacitors” in this paper. To further assess these capacitors, eliminating the harmonic components of circulating currents provides fluctuations with smaller magnitudes, as well as a smaller average value for the equivalent capacitors. Moreover, the second-order harmonic has a dominant role that leads to values higher than 3 F for equivalent capacitors. In comparison with the first and second control laws, the use of the third control-law-based method will result in very small circulating currents, since it is trying to control and eliminate all harmonic components of the circulating currents. This result leads to very small magnitudes for both the upper and lower arm currents, noticeably decreasing the total MMC losses. All simulation results are verified using MATLAB software in the SIMULINK environment.

ACS Style

Majid Mehrasa; Radu Godina; Edris Pouresmaeil; Eduardo M. G. Rodrigues; João P. S. Catalão. Power Quality Improvement with a Pulse Width Modulation Control Method in Modular Multilevel Converters under Varying Nonlinear Loads. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 3292 .

AMA Style

Majid Mehrasa, Radu Godina, Edris Pouresmaeil, Eduardo M. G. Rodrigues, João P. S. Catalão. Power Quality Improvement with a Pulse Width Modulation Control Method in Modular Multilevel Converters under Varying Nonlinear Loads. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (9):3292.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Majid Mehrasa; Radu Godina; Edris Pouresmaeil; Eduardo M. G. Rodrigues; João P. S. Catalão. 2020. "Power Quality Improvement with a Pulse Width Modulation Control Method in Modular Multilevel Converters under Varying Nonlinear Loads." Applied Sciences 10, no. 9: 3292.

Conference paper
Published: 05 May 2020 in Proceedings of International Conference on Big Data, Machine Learning and Applications
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The search for excellence and operational benefits forces organizations to adopt new types of techniques and approaches for the systematic creation of innovative solutions. In view of this context, this paper describes the implementation of the Lean-TRIZ approach in a production line in a Portuguese food organization. In a first step, a continuous improvement model was designed for a technical/organizational system, by combining the TRIZ methodology with Lean techniques and with the Kano Model. The initial analysis was carried out through techniques of direct observation, brainstorming and questionnaires to employees. This analysis allowed identifying the problems by identifying the root causes. Then, analytical instruments of the TRIZ methodology were applied. Finally, the level of employee satisfaction with the improvements introduced in the production line was verified through the Kano Model, which showed us positive results both from the point of view of the employee and the company. The main contribution of this paper is to determine, through a real case study, the potential of the Lean-TRIZ approach in helping organizations to implement a continuous improvement process.

ACS Style

Radu Godina; Helena Carvalho; Pedro Rodrigo; Helena Navas. Towards Continuous Improvement by Using a Lean-TRIZ Approach. Proceedings of International Conference on Big Data, Machine Learning and Applications 2020, 169 -178.

AMA Style

Radu Godina, Helena Carvalho, Pedro Rodrigo, Helena Navas. Towards Continuous Improvement by Using a Lean-TRIZ Approach. Proceedings of International Conference on Big Data, Machine Learning and Applications. 2020; ():169-178.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Radu Godina; Helena Carvalho; Pedro Rodrigo; Helena Navas. 2020. "Towards Continuous Improvement by Using a Lean-TRIZ Approach." Proceedings of International Conference on Big Data, Machine Learning and Applications , no. : 169-178.