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This study focused on increasing the efficiency of the smoke exhaust system of an extra-wide (eight-lane, dual-directional) immersed tunnel with a specific quantity of exhaust. The Shenzhen-Zhongshan immersed tunnel was selected as the application example. A numerical simulation based on fire dynamics simulator was conducted. In the model, the concrete structure of the main body of the immersed tubes was not altered. The adoption of supplementary exhaust ducts increased the efficiency from 73% to 98% under the condition of no longitudinal wind. When a 50-MW fire occurred between two adjacent ducts, with a longitudinal wind velocity of 2 m/s, the efficiency reached 88% or more when the two ducts were opened. Furthermore, a safety evacuation path was developed. The results suggest that the addition of supplementary exhaust ducts combined with a rational longitudinal wind velocity is necessary for an extra-wide immersed tunnel.
Song-Lin Liu; Liang Wang; Ming-Gao Yu; Yong-Dong Jiang. Optimization of smoke exhaust efficiency under a lateral central exhaust ventilation mode in an extra-wide immersed tunnel. Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A 2021, 22, 396 -406.
AMA StyleSong-Lin Liu, Liang Wang, Ming-Gao Yu, Yong-Dong Jiang. Optimization of smoke exhaust efficiency under a lateral central exhaust ventilation mode in an extra-wide immersed tunnel. Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A. 2021; 22 (5):396-406.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSong-Lin Liu; Liang Wang; Ming-Gao Yu; Yong-Dong Jiang. 2021. "Optimization of smoke exhaust efficiency under a lateral central exhaust ventilation mode in an extra-wide immersed tunnel." Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A 22, no. 5: 396-406.
The sustainable development of the Yangtze River will affect the lives of the people who live along it as well as the development of cities beside it. This study investigated the relationship between shipping development and the water environment of the Yangtze River. Canonical correlation analysis is a multivariate statistical method used to study the correlation between two groups of variables; this study employed it to analyze data relevant to shipping and the water environment of the Yangtze River from 2006 to 2016. Furthermore, the Yangtze River Shipping Prosperity Index and Yangtze River mainline freight volume were used to characterize the development of Yangtze River shipping. The water environment of the Yangtze River is characterized by wastewater discharge, ammonia nitrogen concentration, biochemical oxygen demand, the potassium permanganate index, and petroleum pollution. The results showed that a significant correlation exists between Yangtze River shipping and the river’s water environment. Furthermore, mainline freight volume has a significant impact on the quantity of wastewater discharged and petroleum pollution in the water environment.
Sisi Que; Hanyu Luo; Liang Wang; Wenqiang Zhou; Shaochun Yuan. Canonical Correlation Study on the Relationship between Shipping Development and Water Environment of the Yangtze River. Sustainability 2020, 12, 3279 .
AMA StyleSisi Que, Hanyu Luo, Liang Wang, Wenqiang Zhou, Shaochun Yuan. Canonical Correlation Study on the Relationship between Shipping Development and Water Environment of the Yangtze River. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (8):3279.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSisi Que; Hanyu Luo; Liang Wang; Wenqiang Zhou; Shaochun Yuan. 2020. "Canonical Correlation Study on the Relationship between Shipping Development and Water Environment of the Yangtze River." Sustainability 12, no. 8: 3279.
The social responsibility of corporate mining has been challenged by a significant socio-political risk from local communities. These issues reduce shareholder value by increasing costs and decreasing the market perception of corporate social responsibility. Community engagement is the process of understanding the behavior and interests of a group of targeted mining communities through surveys and data analysis, with the purpose of incorporating mining community acceptance into the mining sustainability. While mining organizations have discussed community engagement to varying degrees, there are three main shortcomings in current studies, as concluded in the authors’ previous research. This paper presents a framework to apply discrete choice theory to improve mining community engagement and corporate mining social responsibility. In addition, this paper establishes the main technical challenges to implement the developed framework, and presents methods to overcome the challenges for future research with a case study. The contribution of this research will transform mine sustainability in a fundamental way by facilitating the incorporation of effective community engagement. This will lead to more sustainable mines that local communities support.
Sisi Que; Liang Wang; Kwame Awuah-Offei; Wei Yang; Hui Jiang. Corporate Social Responsibility: Understanding the Mining Stakeholder with a Case Study. Sustainability 2019, 11, 2407 .
AMA StyleSisi Que, Liang Wang, Kwame Awuah-Offei, Wei Yang, Hui Jiang. Corporate Social Responsibility: Understanding the Mining Stakeholder with a Case Study. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (8):2407.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSisi Que; Liang Wang; Kwame Awuah-Offei; Wei Yang; Hui Jiang. 2019. "Corporate Social Responsibility: Understanding the Mining Stakeholder with a Case Study." Sustainability 11, no. 8: 2407.
Mineral products provide essential fuels and raw materials for industrialization and our daily life, but their influences on other aspects of life need to be taken into consideration. While the whole world benefits from mining’s contributions, most of the resulting detrimental impacts on the environment and society fall on the local communities. The participation of the local community is one solution to decrease the risks from community-related problems. Subsequently, the requirements of mining sustainable development can be met. A literature review was conducted on mining sustainability and stakeholder participation, and the shortcomings of existing research and difficulties of further study were discussed in detail. This study covers a broad understanding of mining sustainability from a mining community’s perspective. In addition, it offers a new mining sustainability scope based on the literature review. Besides the balance of economic, environmental, and social aspects, the mine owner and local community have to be engaged in the new mining sustainability scope. This literature review could improve community engagement and help mining companies to better understand local mining communities.
Sisi Que; Liang Wang; Kwame Awuah-Offei; Yao Chen; Wei Yang. The Status of the Local Community in Mining Sustainable Development beyond the Triple Bottom Line. Sustainability 2018, 10, 1749 .
AMA StyleSisi Que, Liang Wang, Kwame Awuah-Offei, Yao Chen, Wei Yang. The Status of the Local Community in Mining Sustainable Development beyond the Triple Bottom Line. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (6):1749.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSisi Que; Liang Wang; Kwame Awuah-Offei; Yao Chen; Wei Yang. 2018. "The Status of the Local Community in Mining Sustainable Development beyond the Triple Bottom Line." Sustainability 10, no. 6: 1749.
The impact of methane explosions on mining operations can never be over-emphasized. The safety of miners could be threatened and local ventilation facilities are likely to be damaged by the flame and overpressure induced by a methane explosion event, making it essential to understand the destructiveness and influence range of a specific explosion. In this paper, the attenuation effect of geometric changes, most commonly bends, obstacles, and branches, present in the way of blast-wave propagation and the capability of the selected numerical model were studied. Although some relevant experimental research has been provided, quantitative analysis is insufficient. This paper investigates the attenuation factors of seven bends, three obstacles, and two T-branch scenarios to ascertain a better insight of this potentially devastating event quantitatively. The results suggest that (1) the numerical model used is capable of predicting four of the seven validated scenarios with a relative error less than 12%; (2) the maximum peak overpressure is obtained when the angle equals 50° for bend cases; and (3) the selected numerical scheme would overestimate the obstacle cases by around 15%.
Liang Wang; Sisi Que; Jerry C. Tien; Nassib S. Aouad. Modeling of Geometric Change Influence on Blast-Wave Propagation in Underground Airways Using a 2D-Transient Euler Scheme. Minerals 2016, 6, 81 .
AMA StyleLiang Wang, Sisi Que, Jerry C. Tien, Nassib S. Aouad. Modeling of Geometric Change Influence on Blast-Wave Propagation in Underground Airways Using a 2D-Transient Euler Scheme. Minerals. 2016; 6 (3):81.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiang Wang; Sisi Que; Jerry C. Tien; Nassib S. Aouad. 2016. "Modeling of Geometric Change Influence on Blast-Wave Propagation in Underground Airways Using a 2D-Transient Euler Scheme." Minerals 6, no. 3: 81.
Sustainable mining has received much attention in recent years as a consequence of the negative impacts of mining and public awareness. The aim of this paper is to provide mining companies guidance on improving the sustainability of their sites through effective community engagement based on recent advances in the literature. It begins with a review of the literature on sustainable development and its relationship to stakeholder engagement. It then uses the literature to determine the dominant factors that affect community perceptions of mining projects. These factors are classified into five categories: environmental, economic, social, governance and demographic factors. Then, we propose a new two-stage method based on discrete choice theory and the classification that can improve stakeholder engagement and be cost-effective. Further work is required to validate the proposed method, although it shows potential to overcome some of the challenges plaguing current approaches.
Liang Wang; Kwame Awuah-Offei; Sisi Que; Wei Yang. Eliciting Drivers of Community Perceptions of Mining Projects through Effective Community Engagement. Sustainability 2016, 8, 658 .
AMA StyleLiang Wang, Kwame Awuah-Offei, Sisi Que, Wei Yang. Eliciting Drivers of Community Perceptions of Mining Projects through Effective Community Engagement. Sustainability. 2016; 8 (7):658.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiang Wang; Kwame Awuah-Offei; Sisi Que; Wei Yang. 2016. "Eliciting Drivers of Community Perceptions of Mining Projects through Effective Community Engagement." Sustainability 8, no. 7: 658.
Gas explosion is the most hazardous incident occurring in underground airways. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) techniques are sophisticated in simulating explosions in confined spaces; specifically, when testing large-scale gaseous explosions, such as methane explosions in underground mines. The dimensions of a confined space where explosions could occur vary significantly. Thus, the scale effect on explosion parameters is worth investigating. In this paper, the impact of scaling on explosion overpressures is investigated by employing two scaling factors: The Gas-fill Length Scaling Factor (FLSF) and the Hydraulic Diameter Scaling Factor (HDSF). The combinations of eight FLSFs and five HDSFs will cover a wide range of space dimensions where flammable gas could accumulate. Experiments were also conducted to evaluate the selected numerical models. The Large Eddy Simulation turbulence model was selected because it shows accuracy compared to the widely used Reynolds’ averaged models for the scenarios investigated in the experiments. Three major conclusions can be drawn: (1) The overpressure increases with both FLSF and HDSF within the deflagration regime; (2) In an explosion duct with a length to diameter ratio greater than 54, detonation is more likely to be triggered for a stoichiometric methane/air mixture; (3) Overpressure increases as an increment hydraulic diameter of a geometry within deflagration regime. A relative error of 7% is found when predicting blast peak overpressure for the base case compared to the experiment; a good agreement for the wave arrival time is also achieved.
Liang Wang; Sisi Que; Jerry C. Tien; Nassib S. Aouad. Scale Effect of Premixed Methane-Air Combustion in Confined Space Using LES Model. Minerals 2015, 6, 2 .
AMA StyleLiang Wang, Sisi Que, Jerry C. Tien, Nassib S. Aouad. Scale Effect of Premixed Methane-Air Combustion in Confined Space Using LES Model. Minerals. 2015; 6 (1):2.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiang Wang; Sisi Que; Jerry C. Tien; Nassib S. Aouad. 2015. "Scale Effect of Premixed Methane-Air Combustion in Confined Space Using LES Model." Minerals 6, no. 1: 2.