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Prof. Oliver Mußhoff
Georg-August Universität Göttingen

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policy impact analysis
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Journal article
Published: 10 February 2021 in International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction
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After natural disasters, governments in developing countries often depend largely on humanitarian aid from donors and Development Finance Institutions (DFI). At the same time disaster affected developing countries repay public loans to donors and DFI (ODA loans). It is, hence, plausible to assume that risk contingent credit (RCC) which is widely discussed in agricultural and development economic literature might also bear potential for sovereign disaster risk finance. RCC allow a partial debt relief if ex ante defined risk events (e.g., natural disasters) occur. There would be especially potential for RCC if ODA loans are not risk-contingent. This study therefore tests for the countries of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) and based on panel data estimations with natural disaster, humanitarian aid, and public debt repayment data 1) if WAEMU countries depend on humanitarian aid after natural disasters, and 2) if in disaster years partial debt reliefs are granted with ODA loan repayments. The study finds that in disaster years WAEMU countries depend on humanitarian aid which is provided but with a slight delay after the natural disaster has occurred. Furthermore the study finds no evidence for natural disaster-related debt relief on ODA loan repayments in WAEMU countries. Hence WAEMU countries continue repaying ODA loans in disaster years whilst at the same time they receive humanitarian aid. The average ODA loan repayment in the investigated period for the WAEMU countries would be sufficiently high to provide WAEMU governments with enough means to respond to natural disasters. RCC could, hence, be an interesting disaster risk financing instrument for WAEMU countries. The development of disaster contingent financial instruments such as RCC was highlighted by the United Nations, the International Monetary Fund and also the 2018 G7 summit.

ACS Style

Ron Weber; Oliver Musshoff. Risk-contingent credit for sovereign disaster risk finance. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 2021, 56, 102105 .

AMA Style

Ron Weber, Oliver Musshoff. Risk-contingent credit for sovereign disaster risk finance. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction. 2021; 56 ():102105.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ron Weber; Oliver Musshoff. 2021. "Risk-contingent credit for sovereign disaster risk finance." International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 56, no. : 102105.

Communication
Published: 10 February 2021 in Land
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Despite the popularity of agricultural land markets as a research topic, a current literature review on price drivers on agricultural land rental markets is missing, which is crucial in order to gain an overview of the status quo. Furthermore, farmers’ perceptions of price drivers on agricultural land rental markets have not been considered sufficiently. Therefore, this study combines descriptive results from a survey with 156 German farmers conducted during 2019–2020 using purposive sampling and a systematic literature review. The systematic literature review reveals four important areas acting as price drivers in agricultural land rental markets: policy/Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), bioenergy, climate change, and market prices/competition. Based on the overview, several points of departure for further research are provided. Furthermore, results from the survey show that farmers’ perceptions of the relative importance of the price drivers differ from the results of scientific literature. Therefore, perceptions of farmers should be considered for possible policy interventions derived from scientific evidence.

ACS Style

Cord-Friedrich von Hobe; Marius Michels; Oliver Musshoff. German Farmers’ Perspectives on Price Drivers in Agricultural Land Rental Markets—A Combination of a Systematic Literature Review and Survey Results. Land 2021, 10, 180 .

AMA Style

Cord-Friedrich von Hobe, Marius Michels, Oliver Musshoff. German Farmers’ Perspectives on Price Drivers in Agricultural Land Rental Markets—A Combination of a Systematic Literature Review and Survey Results. Land. 2021; 10 (2):180.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cord-Friedrich von Hobe; Marius Michels; Oliver Musshoff. 2021. "German Farmers’ Perspectives on Price Drivers in Agricultural Land Rental Markets—A Combination of a Systematic Literature Review and Survey Results." Land 10, no. 2: 180.

Communication
Published: 03 February 2021 in Sustainability
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A decline in the legume cultivation has contributed to the biodiversity loss within the agricultural production across Europe. One possibility to include legumes into the production and promote sustainability is mixed cropping with legumes and non-legumes. However, the adoption of mixed cropping is challenging for farmers and information about the profitability is scarce. If mixed cropping should become a widely established production method, it is essential to gain an understanding of famers’ evaluation of the profitability mixed cropping needs to reach. Therefore, this article provides first empirical insights into farmers stated willingness to accept gross margin changes compared to current production possibilities. Based on a survey with results from 134 German non-adopters conducted in 2018 we can distinguish conventional farmers with a positive, neutral and negative willingness to accept reductions in gross margins as the trade-off for ecological benefits. Using an ordered logistic model we find that risk attitude, risk perception, the number of measures performed for ecological focus areas, the farmer’s age and being located in the south of Germany influence their willingness to accept gross margin changes compared to currently produced cereals.

ACS Style

Vanessa Bonke; Marius Michels; Oliver Musshoff. Will Farmers Accept Lower Gross Margins for the Sustainable Cultivation Method of Mixed Cropping? First Insights from Germany. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1631 .

AMA Style

Vanessa Bonke, Marius Michels, Oliver Musshoff. Will Farmers Accept Lower Gross Margins for the Sustainable Cultivation Method of Mixed Cropping? First Insights from Germany. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):1631.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vanessa Bonke; Marius Michels; Oliver Musshoff. 2021. "Will Farmers Accept Lower Gross Margins for the Sustainable Cultivation Method of Mixed Cropping? First Insights from Germany." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 1631.

Decolonizing open access in development research
Published: 29 January 2021 in Development and Change
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This study examines data on the worldwide use of the shadow library website Sci‐Hub. It focuses particularly on the discipline of development studies, taking a critical look at current practices in scientific publishing and their implications for scientific conduct in this field. In the context of discussions about open science, the data demonstrate that Sci‐Hub represents an existing network of open access literature. The study first describes the extent and geographic distribution of download requests from Sci‐Hub and then identifies the underlying socio‐economic drivers (i.e. GDP and population). The authors find that Sci‐Hub is used the most by researchers from the global South, primarily from middle‐income countries, whereas researchers from the poorest countries in the data set use Sci‐Hub the least. This approach allows some conclusions to be drawn about factors that have an effect on a functioning open access network.

ACS Style

Frederik Sagemüller; Luise Meißner; Oliver Mußhoff. Where Can the Crow Make Friends? Sci‐Hub's Activities in the Library of Development Studies and its Implications for the Field. Development and Change 2021, 52, 670 -683.

AMA Style

Frederik Sagemüller, Luise Meißner, Oliver Mußhoff. Where Can the Crow Make Friends? Sci‐Hub's Activities in the Library of Development Studies and its Implications for the Field. Development and Change. 2021; 52 (3):670-683.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Frederik Sagemüller; Luise Meißner; Oliver Mußhoff. 2021. "Where Can the Crow Make Friends? Sci‐Hub's Activities in the Library of Development Studies and its Implications for the Field." Development and Change 52, no. 3: 670-683.

Journal article
Published: 21 October 2020 in Sustainability
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After repeated warnings by the European Commission regarding high nitrate concentrations in German waters, in 2017, Germany implemented a new fertilizer application ordinance (FO) with stricter nitrate value limits. The new regulations have severely affected agricultural regions in Germany and could lead to a high number of job losses if farmers must conform to the new regulations and do not implement new production methods. Therefore, a simulation game was developed to educate farmers and residents about the new FO and to facilitate adaptation to the new environmentally friendly legislation. The aims of the newly developed simulation game are to educate residents and farmers in affected regions about the new FO and to develop new ideas on how to comply with the new regulations. The aims of the present study are, first, to research participants’ evaluation of the simulation game and, second, to assess the effect of the simulation game on subjective knowledge, internal efficacy, and attitude towards the new FO. This pre- and post-comparison design study was based on pre-test and post-test with participants in two games (N = 90). The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics, multiple regression analyses, qualitative content analysis, and mean value comparisons. The simulation game had a positive effect on participants’ subjective knowledge (Cohen’s d 0.65) and internal efficacy (Cohen’s d 0.36), but it did not have an effect on their attitudes toward the new FO, and it was shown to slightly lower their interest in agriculture politics (Cohen’s d −0.33). The participants reported that the game made them more aware of both the difficulty and necessity of finding compromises in the field of agriculture politics. Overall, the simulation was rated very positively and was perceived as interesting and informative by the participants.

ACS Style

Sven Ivens; Gerlinde Wiese; Klaus Dittert; Oliver Mußhoff; Monika Oberle. Bringing Policy Decisions to the People—Education for Sustainable Development through a Digital Simulation Game. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8743 .

AMA Style

Sven Ivens, Gerlinde Wiese, Klaus Dittert, Oliver Mußhoff, Monika Oberle. Bringing Policy Decisions to the People—Education for Sustainable Development through a Digital Simulation Game. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (20):8743.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sven Ivens; Gerlinde Wiese; Klaus Dittert; Oliver Mußhoff; Monika Oberle. 2020. "Bringing Policy Decisions to the People—Education for Sustainable Development through a Digital Simulation Game." Sustainability 12, no. 20: 8743.

Journal article
Published: 07 September 2020 in Journal of Rural Studies
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ACS Style

Martin C. Parlasca; Daniel Hermann; Oliver Mußhoff. Can mobile phones build social trust? Insights from rural Kenya. Journal of Rural Studies 2020, 79, 345 -360.

AMA Style

Martin C. Parlasca, Daniel Hermann, Oliver Mußhoff. Can mobile phones build social trust? Insights from rural Kenya. Journal of Rural Studies. 2020; 79 ():345-360.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Martin C. Parlasca; Daniel Hermann; Oliver Mußhoff. 2020. "Can mobile phones build social trust? Insights from rural Kenya." Journal of Rural Studies 79, no. : 345-360.

Research article
Published: 11 June 2020 in Agribusiness
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In ovo gender determination of incubated eggs can be a large‐scale substitute to the culling of male chicks in layer hen production. However, the technology raises new ethical concerns which relate to the sensitivity of the embryo, as well as how the screened out eggs will be used afterward and the accuracy of gender determination. To comprehensively investigate consumer attitudes towards this new technology, a questionnaire including a choice experiment was distributed to a representative sample of 482 German consumers between December 2018 and March 2019. The data was analyzed by an explorative factor analysis and a latent class analysis. Results indicate that the sample can be divided into four segments, which differ in preferences for production attributes, attitudes, and price sensitivity. Attitudinal differences are found regarding respondents' approval of the technical advances in agricultural production, confidence in legal regulations, and the endorsement of enhanced livestock production conditions. Both a meaningful usage of by‐products and a high rate of accuracy are crucial factors for the acceptance of in ovo gender determination for a majority of respondents. However, the response behavior of one segment, representing 11% of the sample, indicates the disapproval of both chick culling and in ovo screening.[EconLit Citations: Q160, Q510].

ACS Style

Corrina Reithmayer; Michael Danne; Oliver Mußhoff. Societal attitudes towards in ovo gender determination as an alternative to chick culling. Agribusiness 2020, 37, 306 -323.

AMA Style

Corrina Reithmayer, Michael Danne, Oliver Mußhoff. Societal attitudes towards in ovo gender determination as an alternative to chick culling. Agribusiness. 2020; 37 (2):306-323.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Corrina Reithmayer; Michael Danne; Oliver Mußhoff. 2020. "Societal attitudes towards in ovo gender determination as an alternative to chick culling." Agribusiness 37, no. 2: 306-323.

Journal article
Published: 13 December 2019 in World Development
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Farmers’ vulnerability to adverse weather events, which are likely to increase in frequency and magnitude due to climate change, is a major impediment to a sufficient credit supply. Smallholder farmers’ access to credit is, among other factors, crucial for productivity and output growth. Index insurance could help lenders to compensate for lacking installment payments in years with severe weather conditions and, thus, is considered to accelerate agricultural lending. Using a unique borrower dataset provided by a Microfinance Institution (MFI) in Madagascar, we analyze whether remotely-sensed vegetation health indices can explain the credit risk of the MFI’s agricultural loan portfolio. Therefore, we utilize sequential logit models and quantile regressions. More specifically, we consider the remotely-sensed Vegetation Condition Index, Temperature Condition Index and the Vegetation Health Index as independent variables at the individual branch and the aggregated bank level. These indices are available globally and can potentially enhance the effectiveness of index insurance by reducing basis risk (imperfect correlation between the index and the underlying exposure), a major drawback of index insurance. Moreover, we consider loan- and socio-demographic variables of the borrowers as additional independent variables. Our results show that the credit risk of the MFI is explained, to a large extent, by the vegetation health indices. Moreover, the results from quantile regressions show that the explanatory power of the vegetation health indices increases with increasing credit risk. Thus, utilizing remotely-sensed vegetation health indices for index insurance designs might be particularly valuable for MFIs to hedge the credit risk of their agricultural loan portfolio. Facing lower default rates, MFIs could reduce interest rates. Remotely-sensed index insurance could therefore enhance access to credit, contributing to sustainable development in the study region.

ACS Style

Johannes Möllmann; Matthias Buchholz; Wienand Kölle; Oliver Musshoff. Do remotely-sensed vegetation health indices explain credit risk in agricultural microfinance? World Development 2019, 127, 104771 .

AMA Style

Johannes Möllmann, Matthias Buchholz, Wienand Kölle, Oliver Musshoff. Do remotely-sensed vegetation health indices explain credit risk in agricultural microfinance? World Development. 2019; 127 ():104771.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Johannes Möllmann; Matthias Buchholz; Wienand Kölle; Oliver Musshoff. 2019. "Do remotely-sensed vegetation health indices explain credit risk in agricultural microfinance?" World Development 127, no. : 104771.

Journal article
Published: 30 November 2019 in Land Use Policy
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Biodiversity, landscape aesthetics and grazing livestock have considerable relevance for agricultural production, however rarely considered in public landscape preferences research. This paper studies public preferences for pasture usage by the means of a discrete choice experiment using a representative sample of 449 individuals from Germany. Graphical representations of the choice sets were used to assess the preferences for the presence of livestock and typical pasture landscape elements. To account for preference heterogeneity, the paper utilised a latent-class logit model. Four different latent classes were identified. The results showed different preferences between the latent classes, not only in terms of the magnitude of the estimated parameters, but also in terms of the parameter signs. This indicated that there are multiple types of preferred pasture landscapes. Within the groups, the preference for livestock presence did not depend on its density. Furthermore, it was found that point elements were more important for the landscape preference than linear elements. The class membership probabilities were influenced by multiple sociodemographic variables, including the individual’s residence.

ACS Style

Henning Schaak; Oliver Musshoff. Public preferences for pasture landscapes in Germany—A latent class analysis of a nationwide discrete choice experiment. Land Use Policy 2019, 91, 104371 .

AMA Style

Henning Schaak, Oliver Musshoff. Public preferences for pasture landscapes in Germany—A latent class analysis of a nationwide discrete choice experiment. Land Use Policy. 2019; 91 ():104371.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Henning Schaak; Oliver Musshoff. 2019. "Public preferences for pasture landscapes in Germany—A latent class analysis of a nationwide discrete choice experiment." Land Use Policy 91, no. : 104371.

Journal article
Published: 20 August 2019 in Ecological Economics
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Many aquifers in semi-arid and arid regions with rapid urbanization are over-exploited or even at the point of depletion. Driven by the increased demand for food and other agricultural products, irrigated agriculture constitutes the biggest user of groundwater, and has thus contributed to this critical situation. In this paper, we compare different designs of groundwater management institutions in order to avoid aquifer over-exploitation and ensure secure water sources. We assess externally imposed reward-based and punishment rules as well as communication on their effectiveness to reduce water extraction behavior of groundwater users. Moreover, we evaluate how different user types affect the outcome of these institutional designs. To do so, we conducted a framed field experiment with 600 households along the rural-urban interface of the fast growing city of Bengaluru, India. Results indicate that all treatments can prolong the life of the resource but reward-based and punishment rules seem to be more effective than communication. Moreover, we find that user type behavior identified in the baseline trial is persistent in the treatment trial despite interventions.

ACS Style

Johannes Wegmann; Oliver Mußhoff. Groundwater management institutions in the face of rapid urbanization – Results of a framed field experiment in Bengaluru, India. Ecological Economics 2019, 166, 106432 .

AMA Style

Johannes Wegmann, Oliver Mußhoff. Groundwater management institutions in the face of rapid urbanization – Results of a framed field experiment in Bengaluru, India. Ecological Economics. 2019; 166 ():106432.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Johannes Wegmann; Oliver Mußhoff. 2019. "Groundwater management institutions in the face of rapid urbanization – Results of a framed field experiment in Bengaluru, India." Ecological Economics 166, no. : 106432.

Journal article
Published: 03 June 2019 in Agricultural Finance Review
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Purpose The outstanding reform of the Common Agriculture Policy allows for changes regarding its most criticized component, the direct payment scheme. The purpose of this paper is to investigate farmers’ acceptance of subsidized whole farm income insurance (WFI) and single-crop, multi-peril revenue insurance (RI) that are associated with a reduction of direct payments. Design/methodology/approach By applying a generalized multinomial logit model on data of a discrete choice experiment, German farmers’ preferences, expressed as their willingness to pay (WTP), for WFI and RI are revealed. Findings The results show a positive WTP for WFI and RI. The average farmer has a higher WTP for WFI than for RI. By increasing the coverage level, the negative influence of a reduction of direct payments on WTP for insurance can be compensated. Individual risk attitude and assessed importance of direct payments for the farm business show a statistically significant influence on the WTP. Practical implications The results suggest that, even if direct payments were abolished in order to subsidize WFI or RI, German farmers’ WTP for both insurance products would remain positive. However, to finally assess whether subsidizing insurance is the right means of providing public support, it is necessary to assess whether farmers’ WTP meets the costs for such an insurance scheme. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study investigating German farmers’ WTP for WFI and RI using an experimental approach by explicitly considering the partial to complete replacement of direct payments by subsidized insurance.

ACS Style

Johannes Möllmann; Marius Michels; Oliver Musshoff. German farmers’ acceptance of subsidized insurance associated with reduced direct payments. Agricultural Finance Review 2019, 79, 408 -424.

AMA Style

Johannes Möllmann, Marius Michels, Oliver Musshoff. German farmers’ acceptance of subsidized insurance associated with reduced direct payments. Agricultural Finance Review. 2019; 79 (3):408-424.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Johannes Möllmann; Marius Michels; Oliver Musshoff. 2019. "German farmers’ acceptance of subsidized insurance associated with reduced direct payments." Agricultural Finance Review 79, no. 3: 408-424.

Journal article
Published: 20 March 2019 in Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik
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We suggest twenty immediately actionable steps to reduce widespread inferential errors related to “statistical significance testing.” Our propositions refer to the theoretical preconditions for using p-values. They furthermore include wording guidelines as well as structural and operative advice on how to present results, especially in research based on multiple regression analysis, the working horse of empirical economists. Our propositions aim at fostering the logical consistency of inferential arguments by avoiding false categorical reasoning. They are not aimed at dispensing with p-values or completely replacing frequentist approaches by Bayesian statistics.

ACS Style

Norbert Hirschauer; Sven Grüner; Oliver Mußhoff; Claudia Becker. Twenty Steps Towards an Adequate Inferential Interpretation of p-Values in Econometrics. Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik 2019, 239, 703 -721.

AMA Style

Norbert Hirschauer, Sven Grüner, Oliver Mußhoff, Claudia Becker. Twenty Steps Towards an Adequate Inferential Interpretation of p-Values in Econometrics. Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik. 2019; 239 (4):703-721.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Norbert Hirschauer; Sven Grüner; Oliver Mußhoff; Claudia Becker. 2019. "Twenty Steps Towards an Adequate Inferential Interpretation of p-Values in Econometrics." Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik 239, no. 4: 703-721.

Journal article
Published: 30 August 2018 in Land Use Policy
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To investigate whether farm animal welfare comes at the cost of dairy farm performance, and the role that pasture-access thereby plays, we analyse a rich sample of 45 dairy farms in Germany with a scientific measure of farm animal welfare. Based on directional efficiency measure that acknowledges sequential preferences such that farm animal welfare becomes relevant after technical efficiency, we cannot find a trade-off between farm animal welfare and technical milk efficiency. Pasture-based production systems can be at least as efficient or even more efficient compared to confinement systems, despite lower milk yields. Neglecting sequential preferences would bias efficiency in provision of farm animal welfare by pasture-systems. Farms from all types of dairy systems determine the efficient frontier, where efficiency increases with herd size, and is linked with higher profits. We conclude that pasture-access may help but does not guarantee higher levels of animal welfare. These results question governmental support for pasture access regarding the provision of farm animal welfare.

ACS Style

Hinrich D. Schulte; Linda Armbrecht; Rasmus Bürger; Matthias Gauly; Oliver Musshoff; Silke Hüttel. Let the cows graze: An empirical investigation on the trade-off between efficiency and farm animal welfare in milk production. Land Use Policy 2018, 79, 375 -385.

AMA Style

Hinrich D. Schulte, Linda Armbrecht, Rasmus Bürger, Matthias Gauly, Oliver Musshoff, Silke Hüttel. Let the cows graze: An empirical investigation on the trade-off between efficiency and farm animal welfare in milk production. Land Use Policy. 2018; 79 ():375-385.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hinrich D. Schulte; Linda Armbrecht; Rasmus Bürger; Matthias Gauly; Oliver Musshoff; Silke Hüttel. 2018. "Let the cows graze: An empirical investigation on the trade-off between efficiency and farm animal welfare in milk production." Land Use Policy 79, no. : 375-385.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2018 in Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics
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In this study, we investigate the investment behavior of small-scale coffee farmers in central Uganda in an experimental setting. We consider a situation in which farmers are asked to make an investment under uncertainty and analyze whether and to what extent the Real Options Approach can predict the investment behavior of farmers and whether these predictions are better than those derived from the Net Present Value Approach. We also investigate whether the presence of a price floor has an effect on farmers’ investment behavior. Our results suggest that the Real Options Approach more accurately predicts the decision-making behavior of farmers than the Net Present Value Approach. However, the results also show that neither of the approaches entirely explains the observed investment behavior. Specifically, the presence of a price floor does not significantly affect the investment behavior. The latter is, however, significantly determined by the order in which treatments with and without price floor are introduced, alongside various demographic and socio-economic characteristics.

ACS Style

Hanna Julia Ihli; Anja Gassner; Oliver Musshoff. Experimental insights on the investment behavior of small-scale coffee farmers in central Uganda under risk and uncertainty. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics 2018, 75, 31 -44.

AMA Style

Hanna Julia Ihli, Anja Gassner, Oliver Musshoff. Experimental insights on the investment behavior of small-scale coffee farmers in central Uganda under risk and uncertainty. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics. 2018; 75 ():31-44.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hanna Julia Ihli; Anja Gassner; Oliver Musshoff. 2018. "Experimental insights on the investment behavior of small-scale coffee farmers in central Uganda under risk and uncertainty." Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics 75, no. : 31-44.

Journal article
Published: 06 July 2018 in Agricultural Systems
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Due to a simultaneous decline in agricultural practice and an increased favorability and demand by society, grazing based milk production has become a topic of heightened interest in European agricultural policy, as well as dairy product marketing. This paper studies the behavior of German farmers with respect to the adoption of grazing practices. To do so, a structural equation model based on the technology acceptance model (TAM) is developed. Generally, the TAM hypothesizes that the perceived usefulness and the perceived ease of use are key determinants of the intention to use and the actual usage behavior of a technology. The results indicate that the perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use statistically significantly influence the adoption of grazing practices. Other important aspects are the production limitations on the individual farm, and the farmers' subjective norm towards grazing. Furthermore, the analysis reveals differences between conventional and organic farmers, showing that the influence of farmers' beliefs on the usage behavior tends to be greater for conventional farmers. The results show that farmers' subjective norm influences multiple other constructs of the model, including the intention to use. Under the assumption that farmers' perceptions of societal expectations depend on the public discourse, this indicates the relevance of public information and communication for the farmer's decision-making processes.

ACS Style

Henning Schaak; Oliver Mußhoff. Understanding the adoption of grazing practices in German dairy farming. Agricultural Systems 2018, 165, 230 -239.

AMA Style

Henning Schaak, Oliver Mußhoff. Understanding the adoption of grazing practices in German dairy farming. Agricultural Systems. 2018; 165 ():230-239.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Henning Schaak; Oliver Mußhoff. 2018. "Understanding the adoption of grazing practices in German dairy farming." Agricultural Systems 165, no. : 230-239.

Data article
Published: 10 April 2018 in Data in Brief
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The data presented here contains information on risk preferences, risk literacy and personal characteristics collected from 244 German agricultural sciences students in an online survey in 2015. Two different risk preference elicitation methods have been used. First, we used an iterative multiple price list (iMPL). Second, a simple self-assessment of risk preferences was used. Moreover, we used two different frames of the iMPL (general and context specific). Inconsistent behavior within the iMPL has been documented. Finally, the dataset includes information on the participants' risk literacy (using the Berlin Numeracy test), gender, optimism, involvement with agriculture age and mothers' education. The data is related to the paper: Meraner M, Musshoff O, Finger R. Using involvement to reduce inconsistencies in risk preference elicitation. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics. 2018 73:22-33.

ACS Style

Manuela Meraner; Oliver Musshoff; Robert Finger. Data on risk preferences and risk literacy for a sample of German agricultural sciences students. Data in Brief 2018, 18, 1267 -1271.

AMA Style

Manuela Meraner, Oliver Musshoff, Robert Finger. Data on risk preferences and risk literacy for a sample of German agricultural sciences students. Data in Brief. 2018; 18 ():1267-1271.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manuela Meraner; Oliver Musshoff; Robert Finger. 2018. "Data on risk preferences and risk literacy for a sample of German agricultural sciences students." Data in Brief 18, no. : 1267-1271.

Preprint
Published: 29 March 2018
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We suggest twenty immediately actionable steps to reduce widespread inferential errors related to “statistical significance testing.” Our propositions refer first to the theoretical preconditions for using p-values. They furthermore include wording guidelines as well as structural and operative advice of how to present results, especially in multiple regression analysis. Our propositions aim at fostering the logical consistency of inferential arguments by avoiding false categorical reasoning. They are not aimed at dispensing with p-values or completely replacing frequentist approaches by Bayesian statistics.

ACS Style

Norbert Hirschauer; Sven Grüner; Oliver Mußhoff; Claudia Becker. Twenty steps towards an adequate inferential interpretation of p-values. 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

Norbert Hirschauer, Sven Grüner, Oliver Mußhoff, Claudia Becker. Twenty steps towards an adequate inferential interpretation of p-values. . 2018; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Norbert Hirschauer; Sven Grüner; Oliver Mußhoff; Claudia Becker. 2018. "Twenty steps towards an adequate inferential interpretation of p-values." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 26 February 2018 in Agricultural Finance Review
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Purpose The expected increase in milk price volatility after the milk quota abolition in the EU will lead to further planning uncertainty on dairy farms. Consequently, the modest supply of insurance and the hedging of milk prices through futures may increase. To shed more light on this possibility, the purpose of this paper is to calculate the additional willingness to pay (WTP) for risk-averse dairy farmers in order to cope with milk price volatility after the quota abolition. Design/methodology/approach After the European dairy quota abolition, European dairy farmers will be more dependent on the milk price of the world market. To reflect the world market, a time series of milk prices of a dairy processor from New Zealand (NZ) was used because NZ is exporting most of their dairy products under world market conditions. Based on the NZ price series, we approximated milk price volatility after the European dairy quota abolition and calculated the additional WTP of risk-averse dairy farmers in order to cope with milk price volatility. Findings Using a price series of NZ to approximate milk price volatility after the European dairy quota abolition and comparing it with a German milk price series before quota, the results suggest there might be increased WTP after the milk quota abolition in order to cope with milk price volatility. Following this assumption, the WTP of considerable risk-averse dairy farmers may exceed the initial transaction costs of hedging milk prices with futures on commodity exchanges. Nevertheless, a qualitative discussion of the results shows costs of education, basis risk, and the small size of farms could still keep dairy farmers from hedging the milk price. Originality/value In calculating the additional WTP for risk-averse dairy farmers to cope with milk price volatility, this is the first study to attempt to illustrate the expected influence of increasing milk price volatility at the dairy farm level after the dairy quota abolition in the EU. The additional WTP gives further insights into the need for and acceptance of insurance after the dairy quota abolition at the dairy farm level.

ACS Style

Hinrich Schulte; Oliver Musshoff. Insurance prospects after the European dairy quota abolition. Agricultural Finance Review 2018, 78, 223 -232.

AMA Style

Hinrich Schulte, Oliver Musshoff. Insurance prospects after the European dairy quota abolition. Agricultural Finance Review. 2018; 78 (2):223-232.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hinrich Schulte; Oliver Musshoff. 2018. "Insurance prospects after the European dairy quota abolition." Agricultural Finance Review 78, no. 2: 223-232.

Journal article
Published: 05 February 2018 in Agricultural Finance Review
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Purpose In recent years, the application of credit scoring in urban microfinance institutions (MFIs) became popular, while rural MFIs, which mainly lend to agricultural clients, are hesitating to adopt credit scoring. The purpose of this paper is to explore whether microfinance credit scoring models are suitable for agricultural clients, and if such models can be improved for agricultural clients by accounting for precipitation. Design/methodology/approach This study merges two data sets: 24,219 loan and client observations provided by the AccèsBanque Madagascar and daily precipitation data made available by CelsiusPro. An in- and out-of-sample splitting separates model building from model testing. Logistic regression is employed for the scoring models. Findings The credit scoring models perform equally well for agricultural and non-agricultural clients. Hence, credit scoring can be applied to the agricultural sector in microfinance. However, the prediction accuracy does not increase with the inclusion of precipitation in the agricultural model. Therefore, simple correlation analysis between weather events and loan repayment is insufficient for forecasting future repayment behavior. Research limitations/implications The results should be verified in different countries and climate contexts to enhance the robustness. Social implications By applying scoring models to agricultural clients as well, all clients can benefit from an improved risk assessment (e.g. faster decision making). Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study investigating the potential of microfinance credit scoring for agricultural clients in general and for Madagascar in particular. Furthermore, this is the first study that incorporates a weather variable into a scoring model.

ACS Style

Ulf Römer; Oliver Musshoff. Can agricultural credit scoring for microfinance institutions be implemented and improved by weather data? Agricultural Finance Review 2018, 78, 83 -97.

AMA Style

Ulf Römer, Oliver Musshoff. Can agricultural credit scoring for microfinance institutions be implemented and improved by weather data? Agricultural Finance Review. 2018; 78 (1):83-97.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ulf Römer; Oliver Musshoff. 2018. "Can agricultural credit scoring for microfinance institutions be implemented and improved by weather data?" Agricultural Finance Review 78, no. 1: 83-97.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2018 in Biomass and Bioenergy
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Short rotation coppice (SRC) for biomass production seems to be an interesting form of land use both from an ecological and economic perspective. However, farmers still behave reluctant in cultivating SRC. Recent investigations show that the high (partially irreversible) investment costs and the uncertainty of the future returns, in the literature jointly known as the real options approach, are main reasons for this reluctance. For complexity reasons, these studies do not, amongst others, consider interactions between different stages of the value chain of woody biomass, which, however, are existent in reality and can affect SRC cultivation decisions. Examples for this are the maximum capacities of biomass heating stations (BHSs), which could represent de facto production restrictions for the surrounding farmers, or possible incentive measures implemented by BHSs to increase farmers' willingness to cultivate SRC. This paper develops an agent-based real options model, which considers these interactions and comprises all stages of the value chain of woody biomass, from farmers who cultivate SRC, over the BHS which converts the wood chips into heat, to end consumers to whom the heat is delivered. Within this framework, the model analyzes farmers' optimal SRC cultivation decisions and the respective effects of potential incentive measures to the farmers implemented by the BHS to increase its utilization. Under a given stimulation of the total quantity of wood chips supplied by the farmers, investment subsidies are advantageous to price floors because they lead to a stronger increase in the profitability of the BHS.

ACS Style

Jan-Henning Feil; Oliver Musshoff. Modelling investments in short rotation coppice under uncertainty: A value chain perspective. Biomass and Bioenergy 2018, 108, 224 -235.

AMA Style

Jan-Henning Feil, Oliver Musshoff. Modelling investments in short rotation coppice under uncertainty: A value chain perspective. Biomass and Bioenergy. 2018; 108 ():224-235.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jan-Henning Feil; Oliver Musshoff. 2018. "Modelling investments in short rotation coppice under uncertainty: A value chain perspective." Biomass and Bioenergy 108, no. : 224-235.