The article is devoted to the study of the potential possibilities of using molecular-electronic sensors of seismic waves for field work using the seismoelectric method to explore the hydrocarbon deposits. The introduction provides an analytical review of the current state of research based on data from science magazines and patents. It is shown that at present, seismoelectric effects are at the stage of experimental implementation into the practice of field work for oil and gas geophysical prospecting. Further in the article, theoretical estimates and results of mathematical modeling of the manifestation of seismoelectric (SE) phenomena in the regions of hydrocarbon anomalies are presented, numerical estimates of the values of the seismic and secondary electromagnetic fields are given. The analysis of the results (on a tank and real gas condensate field) showed that the use of molecular-electronic geophones, which have a higher sensitivity and operate in a wider frequency range (up to 0.1 Hz), allows one to obtain higher signal-to-noise ratio. Thus, it has been experimentally established that the use of molecular sensors for recording seismic electric effects when searching for deposits is more preferable when carrying out field work.

The paper considers the issues of automation and improving the performance of the field work by the seismic electric method. It is shown that the measurement scheme used today is not optimal. It leads to a long-term deployment of the measuring installation, as well as the inability to use it in difficult geological and climatic conditions. The authors of the paper propose to use special magnetic antennas for recording the electromagnetic field, which eliminate all the drawbacks of grounded electric dipoles. It is shown that if simultaneously registering the various components of the electromagnetic field, it is possible to estimate the depth of the productive layers. The data of observations of seismic electrical effects in the gas-condensate field for various x, y, z components are given.

The paper proposes to exclude the active source of the seismic field from the measurement scheme, which is often a massive truck with equipment installed on it, which in its turn makes it difficult and increases the cost of field-work. The proposed passive measurement installation allows the detection of hydrocarbon deposits by registering the natural fields of the Earth. All measurements can be carried out by one person due to the use of magnetic antennas. A method of field measurements by means of such installation, as well as measurement data on a real gas condensate field are presented.

The article considers the observational statistics analysis of seismoelectric effects of the second kind at the Bystryanskoye gas condensate reservoir in Krasnoyarsk Territory. The measurements were carried out by the passive method from 2014 to 2019 on one exploration profile. The authors obtained an averaged profiling curve. Its analysis showed that there exists the repeatability of measurement results, as well as the convergence with the results of mathematical modeling. The collected statistics on the observation points shows the possibility of this method application in carrying out industrial field work in conjunction with the standard seismic exploration.

The article analyses the characteristics of seismic and electric fields over a gas condensate field. The horizontal electric component of the Earth’s electromagnetic field in the centre of the field has a pronounced frequency dependence and is localized in the frequency range up to 100 Hz. In the centre of the field, there is a fairly even electric component of the Earth’s electromagnetic field without sharp bursts and impulse noise, while from the edge of the field impulse dips of up to several seconds are observed. The high values of the seismic-electric coefficient at the Novomikhaylovskoye gas condensate field when it is calculated as the maximum of the cross-correlation function are due to the fact that the power of the recorded seismic field is more localized in the frequency spectrum up to 30 Hz and, as a consequence, when calculating the cross-correlation function, this makes the greatest contribution to its amplitude value.

This article discusses the evaluation of energy relationships for the design of a radar flaw detector, the rationale for choosing its working frequency. The influence of oscillations of the reflecting surface of the rail head on the phase and frequency deviation is given. The article deals with the design of the circuit flaw detector implementation scheme.