Normalization of data is significant and should be chosen according to the sample matrix under investigation.

In this work, we present an extensive dataset of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) spectra for the pre-training and evaluation of LIBS classification models. LIBS is a well-established spectroscopic method for in-situ and industrial applications, where LIBS is primarily applied for clustering and classification tasks. As such, our dataset is aimed at helping with the development and testing of classification and clustering methodologies. Moreover, the dataset could be used to pre-train classification models for applications where the amount of available data is limited. The dataset consists of LIBS spectra of 138 soil samples belonging to 12 distinct classes. The spectra were acquired with a state-of-the-art LIBS system. Lastly, the composition of each sample is also provided, including estimated uncertainties.

The improving performance of the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) triggered its utilization in the challenging topic of soft tissue analysis. Alterations of elemental content within soft tissues are commonly assessed and provide further insights in biological research. However, the laser ablation of soft tissues is a complex issue and demands a priori optimization, which is not straightforward in respect to a typical LIBS experiment. Here, we focus on implementing an internal standard into the LIBS elemental analysis of soft tissue samples. We achieve this by extending routine methodology for optimization of soft tissues analysis with a standard spiking method. This step enables a robust optimization procedure of LIBS experimental settings. Considering the implementation of LIBS analysis to the histological routine, we avoid further alterations of the tissue structure. Therefore, we propose a unique methodology of sample preparation, analysis, and subsequent data treatment, which enables the comparison of signal response from heterogenous matrix for different LIBS parameters. Additionally, a brief step-by-step process of optimization to achieve the highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is described. The quality of laser–tissue interaction is investigated on the basis of the zinc signal response, while selected experimental parameters (e.g., defocus, gate delay, laser energy, and ambient atmosphere) are systematically modified.

Artificial neural networks-based methodology to transfer spectra between distinct LIBS systems, trained on simultaneous measurements.