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Prof. Rita Fragoso
Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Anaerobic Digestion
0 Wastewater Treatment
0 Water - Food - Energy Nexus
0 Anaerobic Co-digestion
0 Bioenergy and sustainable valorization of wastes

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Wastewater Treatment
Anaerobic Digestion
Anaerobic Co-digestion

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Research article
Published: 28 April 2021 in Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy
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In this study, co-digestion of mixed sewage sludge from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and partially dephenolised two-phase olive pomace (DOP) as a co-substrate was addressed with the aim of improving the biodigestibility of both substrates. The introduction of DOP into WWTP anaerobic digester facilities could significantly increase biomethane production and enhance the sustainability of both activities. An improvement in the system’s performance was supported by stability parameters: total alkalinity increased and stabilised with the addition of 5% v/v DOP, and the specific energy loading rate was maintained at 0.177 ± 0.03 d−1, which indicated better buffer capacity and stability in the bioreactor, and the possibility of enhancing the organic loading rate. In terms of average daily biogas production rate, an increase of 39% was achieved, up to 0.39 ± 0.11 L L−1d−1. Moreover, there was a 40% and 37% improvement in specific methane production and methane production rate, respectively, up to 0.28 ± 0.02 L CH4 g TVS −1 and 0.26 ± 0.08 L L−1d−1. In addition, the proposed strategy leads to an energy saving of 20,328.6 kWh year−1 at the WWTP as a result of the electric energy production surplus, corresponding to an annual saving of €3293.23.

ACS Style

Rita Fragoso; Ana Catarina Henriques; Javier Ochando-Pulido; Nicole Smozinski; Elizabeth Duarte. Enhanced biomethane production by co-digestion of mixed sewage sludge and dephenolised two-phase olive pomace. Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Rita Fragoso, Ana Catarina Henriques, Javier Ochando-Pulido, Nicole Smozinski, Elizabeth Duarte. Enhanced biomethane production by co-digestion of mixed sewage sludge and dephenolised two-phase olive pomace. Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rita Fragoso; Ana Catarina Henriques; Javier Ochando-Pulido; Nicole Smozinski; Elizabeth Duarte. 2021. "Enhanced biomethane production by co-digestion of mixed sewage sludge and dephenolised two-phase olive pomace." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2021 in Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems
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ACS Style

Elizabeth Duarte; Rita Fragoso; Nicole Smozinski; Jorge Tavares. Enhancing Bioenergy Recovery from Agro-food Biowastes as a Strategy to Promote Circular Bioeconomy. Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems 2021, 9, 1 .

AMA Style

Elizabeth Duarte, Rita Fragoso, Nicole Smozinski, Jorge Tavares. Enhancing Bioenergy Recovery from Agro-food Biowastes as a Strategy to Promote Circular Bioeconomy. Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems. 2021; 9 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elizabeth Duarte; Rita Fragoso; Nicole Smozinski; Jorge Tavares. 2021. "Enhancing Bioenergy Recovery from Agro-food Biowastes as a Strategy to Promote Circular Bioeconomy." Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems 9, no. 1: 1.

Review
Published: 29 January 2021 in Sustainability
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Animal manure management is a real challenge to minimize environmental impacts and ensure that this valuable material is efficiently used in a circular economy context. One of the main limitations for larger use of animal manure as fertilizer is the availability of land to receive it in an area close to the farm. Indeed, animal manure is traditionally used for cereals and animal feed growth, but the soil area occupied with these crops might not be enough to receive all the manure produced and/or part of this soil might have nutrient contents, namely phosphorous, that do not permit further application of manure. Hence, extra land used for other agricultural activities might be an option. The main objective of the present review was to analyse the constraints and solutions to increase the use of manure in horticulture and orchards. Emphasis was given to the legal framework for manure utilization in the EU that might stimulate or restrain such a solution. The main characteristics of manure that might limit or stimulate manure reuse were also described, and the potential of some treatments to valorise manure was analysed. Several examples of alternative uses of manure in horticulture and orchards were examined, and the society and farmers' acceptance of the proposed solution was addressed.

ACS Style

David Fangueiro; Paula Alvarenga; Rita Fragoso. Horticulture and Orchards as New Markets for Manure Valorisation with Less Environmental Impacts. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1436 .

AMA Style

David Fangueiro, Paula Alvarenga, Rita Fragoso. Horticulture and Orchards as New Markets for Manure Valorisation with Less Environmental Impacts. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1436.

Chicago/Turabian Style

David Fangueiro; Paula Alvarenga; Rita Fragoso. 2021. "Horticulture and Orchards as New Markets for Manure Valorisation with Less Environmental Impacts." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1436.

Review
Published: 03 June 2020 in Ciência e Técnica Vitivinícola
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Assessing sustainability of the wine industry requires improved characterization of its environmental impacts, namely in terms of water use. Therefore, quantification of water inputs and wastewater (WW) outputs is needed to highlight inefficiencies in wine production and related consequences for the environment. Water use and WW generation in irrigated viticulture and oenology remains insufficiently quantified for dry Mediterranean regions (e.g. South Portugal). This paper is focused on wine production under warm and dry climate conditions in the winegrowing region of Alentejo (South Portugal). This region experiences increasingly dry conditions, while the irrigated area keeps expanding, which puts exacerbates the pressure on existing local and regional water resources. Additionally, more erratic variation in climate conditions and the tendency for increasingly extreme climate events (e.g. heat waves) pose more challenges to Alentejo’s wine sector. We conclude that quantitative information on water use and management is not always easy to obtain or access, which hinders improved strategies and/or policies for water use at farm, winery and region-level. Up-to-date statistics and robust metrics can help to better characterize water use and WW flows for Alentejo’s wine region, while optimizing management in vineyards and wineries, in companies and region-wide. The paper is focused on a “Farm-Winery” scenario, which is the most common in South Portugal’s wine sector

ACS Style

Joaquim M. Costa; Margarida Oliveira; Ricardo Egipto; João Cid; Rita Fragoso; Carlos M. Lopes; Elisabeth N. Duarte. Water and wastewater management for sustainable viticulture and oenology in South Portugal – a review. Ciência e Técnica Vitivinícola 2020, 35, 1 -15.

AMA Style

Joaquim M. Costa, Margarida Oliveira, Ricardo Egipto, João Cid, Rita Fragoso, Carlos M. Lopes, Elisabeth N. Duarte. Water and wastewater management for sustainable viticulture and oenology in South Portugal – a review. Ciência e Técnica Vitivinícola. 2020; 35 (1):1-15.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Joaquim M. Costa; Margarida Oliveira; Ricardo Egipto; João Cid; Rita Fragoso; Carlos M. Lopes; Elisabeth N. Duarte. 2020. "Water and wastewater management for sustainable viticulture and oenology in South Portugal – a review." Ciência e Técnica Vitivinícola 35, no. 1: 1-15.

Articles
Published: 07 February 2020 in International Journal of Phytoremediation
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The potential of Iris pseudacorus and Typha domingensis to remove the pharmaceutical active compound (PhAC) Furosemide from a nutrient solution was assessed. Both plants were exposed to 2 mg L-1 of furosemide during 21 days and the removal of furosemide was monitored. Vessels without furosemide were also implemented as control systems for plants development. Likewise, unplanted vessels with furosemide were employed to assess abiotic removal mechanisms. All vessels were covered with aluminum foil to avoid photodegradation of the compound. Both plants showed potential to remove Furosemide, attaining, at the end of the experiment, a removal of 42.0-66.9% and 40.5-57.8%, for Typha and Iris, respectively. The plants do not presented a visible negative stress response to the exposure to furosemide, having a positive growth rate at the end of the experiment. Biodegradation seems to play an important role in furosemide removal, being enhanced by the presence of the plants. The two macrophytes presented different removal behaviors, particularly in the first 48 h of contact time. FUR removal by Iris follows a pseudo-first order while by Typha is divide in different phases. These results indicate that different plants species seem to have different mechanisms to remove pollutants from water.HighlightsPhACs removal potential of Iris pseudacorus and Typha domingensis was assessed.Plants were exposed to 2 mg L-1 of furosemide during 21 days.Both macrophytes showed good removal efficiencies.Biodegradation of furosemide seems to be the main removal mechanism.Plants demonstrated different removal behavior along the experiment.Removal mechanisms of plants seem to differ between species.

ACS Style

A. I. Machado; Rita Fragoso; A. V. Dordio; Elizabeth D' Almeida Duarte. Performance of Iris pseudacorus and Typha domingensis for furosemide removal in a hydroponic system. International Journal of Phytoremediation 2020, 22, 863 -871.

AMA Style

A. I. Machado, Rita Fragoso, A. V. Dordio, Elizabeth D' Almeida Duarte. Performance of Iris pseudacorus and Typha domingensis for furosemide removal in a hydroponic system. International Journal of Phytoremediation. 2020; 22 (8):863-871.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A. I. Machado; Rita Fragoso; A. V. Dordio; Elizabeth D' Almeida Duarte. 2020. "Performance of Iris pseudacorus and Typha domingensis for furosemide removal in a hydroponic system." International Journal of Phytoremediation 22, no. 8: 863-871.

Journal article
Published: 03 February 2020 in Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science
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This study developed a method for furosemide quantification through high performance liquid chromatographic technique. Special attention was given to solute loss and storage stability due to furosemide’s low solubility and photosensitivity, respectively. The performance of Nylon and PVDF filters was tested in a 2 mg.L-1 furosemide solution. PVDF filters showed better recovery capacity and therefore are more suitable for furosemide filtration. Over eight days, three different storage conditions were studied to access furosemide degradation susceptibility: (i) exposure to light at room temperature, (ii) storage at room temperature without exposure to light, and (iii) storage at 4ºC without exposure to light. The study demonstrated that after 48 h under natural light exposure furosemide was completely degraded. Furosemide solution stored in the dark was stable. Storage temperature did not seem to affect furosemide concentration. The study shows that the selection of more suitable filter and storage conditions for furosemide determination is crucial to avoid underestimation errors.

ACS Style

Ana Isabel Machado; Rita Fragoso; Ana Vitória Martins Neves Barrocas Dordio; Elizabeth Duarte. Furosemide in water matrix: HPLC-UV method development and degradation studies. Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 2020, 15, 1 -12.

AMA Style

Ana Isabel Machado, Rita Fragoso, Ana Vitória Martins Neves Barrocas Dordio, Elizabeth Duarte. Furosemide in water matrix: HPLC-UV method development and degradation studies. Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science. 2020; 15 (1):1-12.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ana Isabel Machado; Rita Fragoso; Ana Vitória Martins Neves Barrocas Dordio; Elizabeth Duarte. 2020. "Furosemide in water matrix: HPLC-UV method development and degradation studies." Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 15, no. 1: 1-12.

Journal article
Published: 26 December 2019 in Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science
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The study reports the performance of a sanitary effluent treatment constituted by a septic tank, anaerobic filter and constructed wetland. The study monitored nutrient’s, carbonaceous material’s and thermotolerant coliform’s (CT) removal efficiency during 12 months. The treatment system included a septic tank, an anaerobic filter and a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland cultivated with Typha spp. Effluent samples were monthly collected before and after the septic tank, anaerobic filter and wetland. The removal efficiency for N-NH+4 was 37.6%, 66.3% for total P, 37% for COD, 54% for BOD and 99.4% for CT. The anaerobic filter and wetland were more efficient than the septic tank. P-total reduction was higher in the constructed wetland than in the anaerobic filter. Climatic conditions influenced the evaluated constituent’s removal being the highest values during hot months.

ACS Style

Paulo Fortes Neto; Nara Lucia Perondi Fortes; Elizabeth Da Costa Neves Fernandes De Almeida Duarte; Rita Do Amaral Fragoso; Ana Catarina Marcos Henriques; Sofia Helena Lewis Lopes; Luiza Fernanda Dos Santos Pereira. Performance of sewage treatment plant with septic tank, anaerobic filter and constructed wetland with Typha spp. Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 2019, 14, 1 -12.

AMA Style

Paulo Fortes Neto, Nara Lucia Perondi Fortes, Elizabeth Da Costa Neves Fernandes De Almeida Duarte, Rita Do Amaral Fragoso, Ana Catarina Marcos Henriques, Sofia Helena Lewis Lopes, Luiza Fernanda Dos Santos Pereira. Performance of sewage treatment plant with septic tank, anaerobic filter and constructed wetland with Typha spp. Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science. 2019; 14 (7):1-12.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paulo Fortes Neto; Nara Lucia Perondi Fortes; Elizabeth Da Costa Neves Fernandes De Almeida Duarte; Rita Do Amaral Fragoso; Ana Catarina Marcos Henriques; Sofia Helena Lewis Lopes; Luiza Fernanda Dos Santos Pereira. 2019. "Performance of sewage treatment plant with septic tank, anaerobic filter and constructed wetland with Typha spp." Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 14, no. 7: 1-12.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2019 in Water Science and Technology
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Phosphate (P) recovery from urban wastewaters is an effective strategy to address environmental protection and resource conservation, aiming at an effective circular economy. Off-grid wastewater treatment systems like urine-diverting toilets (UDT) can contribute to source separation towards nutrient recovery, namely phosphorus recovery. Effectiveness of P precipitation requires a process-based knowledge regarding pH, Mg:PO4, contact time and their interactions in P recovery and crystal morphology. Several studies failed to see the process as a whole and how factors influence both morphology and P recovery for UDT hydrolysed urine. This study addressed the above-mentioned factors and their interactions, and results showed that pH and Mg:PO4 ratio are the key factors for struvite precipitation, whereas contact time is relevant for crystal growth. The recommended set of factors proposed (pH 8.5, Mg:PO4 ratio of 1.2:1 and 30 minutes contact time) not only promotes a high precipitation yield – 99% of P with co-precipitation of at least 21% of ammonium (NH4+) – but also leads to larger crystals with lower water solubility (10% less crystals dissolved in water after 3 days). The obtained outcome facilitates the downstream process and leads to a more efficient slow-release fertiliser, as less P is wasted to receiving waters by leaching, minimising eutrophication processes.

ACS Style

Denis Rodrigues; Rita Fragoso; Ana Carvalho; Thomas Hein; Antonio Guerreiro de Brito. Recovery of phosphates as struvite from urine-diverting toilets: optimization of pH, Mg:PO4 ratio and contact time to improve precipitation yield and crystal morphology. Water Science and Technology 2019, 80, 1276 -1286.

AMA Style

Denis Rodrigues, Rita Fragoso, Ana Carvalho, Thomas Hein, Antonio Guerreiro de Brito. Recovery of phosphates as struvite from urine-diverting toilets: optimization of pH, Mg:PO4 ratio and contact time to improve precipitation yield and crystal morphology. Water Science and Technology. 2019; 80 (7):1276-1286.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Denis Rodrigues; Rita Fragoso; Ana Carvalho; Thomas Hein; Antonio Guerreiro de Brito. 2019. "Recovery of phosphates as struvite from urine-diverting toilets: optimization of pH, Mg:PO4 ratio and contact time to improve precipitation yield and crystal morphology." Water Science and Technology 80, no. 7: 1276-1286.

Original paper
Published: 30 October 2018 in Waste and Biomass Valorization
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Anaerobic co-digestion of organic rich wastes and wastewater sludge has become an attractive economic possibility for water utilities as it enhances biogas production. The suitability of the organic rich waste depends on its biodegradability as well as on its synergetic effect on the anaerobic digestion process. The feasibility of sewage sludge (SS) treatment via co-digestion was studied in a semi-continuous mode at mesophilic conditions (36 ± 1 °C), with a hydraulic retention time of 17 days and an average organic loading rate of 0.94 ± 0.05 gVS Lreactor day−1, using the liquid fraction of pre-treated exhausted coffee biowaste (LECB) as a co-substrate. An anaerobic co-digestion trial (T1) was performed using as feeding mixture 80% SS and 20% LECB (v:v) and compared against a reference scenario of mono-digestion of SS (T0). The stability along assays was ensured by monitoring the digestate characteristics (pH, electrical conductivity, total alkalinity and ammonia content) and the specific energy-loading rate (SELR). Along the operation time of T1, methane yield and VS removal were significantly higher in comparison to mono-digestion of SS. Results showed that the addition of the co-substrate had a positive effect on specific methane production (3 times higher) and methane content (12% higher), indicating this is a feasible strategy towards self-sufficient wastewater treatment plants.

ACS Style

Rita Fragoso; Ana Carvalho; Elizabeth Duarte. Enhancement of Sewage Sludge Bioconversion to Methane by the Addition of Exhausted Coffee Biowaste Liquid Fraction. Waste and Biomass Valorization 2018, 11, 1125 -1130.

AMA Style

Rita Fragoso, Ana Carvalho, Elizabeth Duarte. Enhancement of Sewage Sludge Bioconversion to Methane by the Addition of Exhausted Coffee Biowaste Liquid Fraction. Waste and Biomass Valorization. 2018; 11 (3):1125-1130.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rita Fragoso; Ana Carvalho; Elizabeth Duarte. 2018. "Enhancement of Sewage Sludge Bioconversion to Methane by the Addition of Exhausted Coffee Biowaste Liquid Fraction." Waste and Biomass Valorization 11, no. 3: 1125-1130.

Journal article
Published: 19 October 2018 in Water Supply
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Wine production is an important socio-economic activity in Mediterranean countries. This study is focused on wine production under warm and dry climate conditions in south Portugal, in two major wine-producing regions (Tejo and Alentejo), characterized by small to medium sized wineries. Vineyards have been expanding in this region of Portugal, where about 50–70% of the vineyards are irrigated, increasing regional water demand. The aim of this study is to propose an integrative approach for wine production, where a simple calculation model has been developed and validated to preview water consumption and wastewater production, as functions of winemaking periods and type of processed grapes. Results revealed a global ratio of 2.2 ± 0.45 and 2.1 ± 0.17 Lwater/Lwine. Concerning dedicated indicators, 60–75% of the wastewater was produced during Period I and the red wine production represented a 50–64% increase in water consumption. This tool will enable winemakers to calculate Global and Dedicated Indicators, based on their own parameters, which provide information on flow volumes and peak flows. In this context, it will be possible to identify improvements for wastewater treatment and management towards water reuse as a promising solution for the wine sector in the framework of the circular economy.

ACS Style

M. Oliveira; J. M. Costa; Rita Fragoso; Elizabeth D' Almeida Duarte. Challenges for modern wine production in dry areas: dedicated indicators to preview wastewater flows. Water Supply 2018, 19, 653 -661.

AMA Style

M. Oliveira, J. M. Costa, Rita Fragoso, Elizabeth D' Almeida Duarte. Challenges for modern wine production in dry areas: dedicated indicators to preview wastewater flows. Water Supply. 2018; 19 (2):653-661.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. Oliveira; J. M. Costa; Rita Fragoso; Elizabeth D' Almeida Duarte. 2018. "Challenges for modern wine production in dry areas: dedicated indicators to preview wastewater flows." Water Supply 19, no. 2: 653-661.

Book chapter
Published: 11 July 2018 in Nanofiltration
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ACS Style

Antónia Teresa Zorro Nobre Macedo; Javier Miguel Ochando Pulido; Rita Fragoso. The Use and Performance of Nanofiltration Membranes for Agro-Industrial Effluents Purification. Nanofiltration 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

Antónia Teresa Zorro Nobre Macedo, Javier Miguel Ochando Pulido, Rita Fragoso. The Use and Performance of Nanofiltration Membranes for Agro-Industrial Effluents Purification. Nanofiltration. 2018; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Antónia Teresa Zorro Nobre Macedo; Javier Miguel Ochando Pulido; Rita Fragoso. 2018. "The Use and Performance of Nanofiltration Membranes for Agro-Industrial Effluents Purification." Nanofiltration , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2017 in Journal of Environmental Management
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The removal efficiency of LECA and cork granulates as support matrix for pharmaceuticals active compounds in a constructed wetland system was investigated using the diuretic drug Furosemide. Kinetics studies were performed testing three different concentrations of Furosemide in an ultrapure water matrix, along seven days. LECA achieved higher removal values compared to cork granulates. However, cork granulates presented a higher removal in the first 24 h of contact time compared to the other adsorbent. The kinetic studies showed that LECA and cork granulates have different adsorption behaviours for Furosemide which is controlled by different adsorption mechanisms. Both materials showed good removal efficiencies and a combination of the two should be further explored in order to applied both materials as support matrix to cope with different furosemide concentrations.

ACS Style

A.I. Machado; Ana Dordio; Rita Fragoso; A.E. Leitão; Elizabeth D' Almeida Duarte. Furosemide removal in constructed wetlands: Comparative efficiency of LECA and Cork granulates as support matrix. Journal of Environmental Management 2017, 203, 422 -428.

AMA Style

A.I. Machado, Ana Dordio, Rita Fragoso, A.E. Leitão, Elizabeth D' Almeida Duarte. Furosemide removal in constructed wetlands: Comparative efficiency of LECA and Cork granulates as support matrix. Journal of Environmental Management. 2017; 203 ():422-428.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A.I. Machado; Ana Dordio; Rita Fragoso; A.E. Leitão; Elizabeth D' Almeida Duarte. 2017. "Furosemide removal in constructed wetlands: Comparative efficiency of LECA and Cork granulates as support matrix." Journal of Environmental Management 203, no. : 422-428.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2017 in Energy Procedia
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ACS Style

Ana Carvalho; Rita Fragoso; Elizabeth D' Almeida Duarte. Improving waste-to-energy process by co-digestion of exhausted coffee biowaste and WWTP sludge. Energy Procedia 2017, 136, 245 -250.

AMA Style

Ana Carvalho, Rita Fragoso, Elizabeth D' Almeida Duarte. Improving waste-to-energy process by co-digestion of exhausted coffee biowaste and WWTP sludge. Energy Procedia. 2017; 136 ():245-250.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ana Carvalho; Rita Fragoso; Elizabeth D' Almeida Duarte. 2017. "Improving waste-to-energy process by co-digestion of exhausted coffee biowaste and WWTP sludge." Energy Procedia 136, no. : 245-250.

Original paper
Published: 14 August 2017 in Waste and Biomass Valorization
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The purpose of this work was to assess the enhancement of the anaerobic digestion process of sewage sludge by the addition of orange peel as co-substrate. In this experimental study, an evaluation of the co-digestion process in a semi-continuous stirred tank reactor was carried out under mesophilic conditions (37 ± 0.2 °C) during an operation time up to 315 days. All trials were performed at a hydraulic retention time of 15 days and the AD reactor was fed daily with a mixture of sewage sludge and orange peel pulp, previously prepared. The organic loading rate was kept at 1.80 ± 0.31 g VS L−1 day−1 in all trials. A reference scenario (T0), mono-digestion, was performed using sewage sludge as substrate (primary sludge and activated sludge, 40:60, v/v). Thereafter, two different anaerobic co-digestion trials were carried out, one with pre-treated orange peel (T1) and the other with reduced d-limonene content (T2). Trials with pre-treated orange peel (T1 and T2) led to two- and threefold improvements in biogas and methane yields, compared with the reference scenario (T0). Furthermore, the reduction of d-Limonene content (T2) increased the methane yield by around 70% compared with T1. Therefore, it was proved that the sieving pre-treatment is effective to avoid the inhibitory effect of d-limonene.

ACS Style

A. Carvalho; Rita Fragoso; Jorge Gominho; E. Duarte. Effect of Minimizing d-Limonene Compound on Anaerobic Co-digestion Feeding Mixtures to Improve Methane Yield. Waste and Biomass Valorization 2017, 10, 75 -83.

AMA Style

A. Carvalho, Rita Fragoso, Jorge Gominho, E. Duarte. Effect of Minimizing d-Limonene Compound on Anaerobic Co-digestion Feeding Mixtures to Improve Methane Yield. Waste and Biomass Valorization. 2017; 10 (1):75-83.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A. Carvalho; Rita Fragoso; Jorge Gominho; E. Duarte. 2017. "Effect of Minimizing d-Limonene Compound on Anaerobic Co-digestion Feeding Mixtures to Improve Methane Yield." Waste and Biomass Valorization 10, no. 1: 75-83.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2017 in Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems
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ACS Style

Luis Pena; Margarida Correia De Oliveira; Rita Fragoso; Elizabeth Duarte. Potential of Duckweed for Swine Wastewater Nutrient removal and Biomass Valorisation through Anaerobic Co-digestion. Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems 2017, 5, 127 -138.

AMA Style

Luis Pena, Margarida Correia De Oliveira, Rita Fragoso, Elizabeth Duarte. Potential of Duckweed for Swine Wastewater Nutrient removal and Biomass Valorisation through Anaerobic Co-digestion. Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems. 2017; 5 (2):127-138.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luis Pena; Margarida Correia De Oliveira; Rita Fragoso; Elizabeth Duarte. 2017. "Potential of Duckweed for Swine Wastewater Nutrient removal and Biomass Valorisation through Anaerobic Co-digestion." Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems 5, no. 2: 127-138.

Review
Published: 01 February 2017 in Journal of Environmental Management
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Conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) commonly require large capital investments as well as operation and maintenance costs. Constructed wetlands (CWs) appear as a cost-effective treatment, since they can remove a broad range of contaminants by a combination of physical, chemical and biological processes with a low cost. Therefore, CWs can be successfully applied for decentralized wastewater treatment in regions with low population density and/or with large land availability as Brazil. The present work provides a review of thirty nine studies developed on CWs implemented in Brazil to remove wastewater contaminants. Brazil current sanitation data is also considered to evaluate the potential role of CWs as decentralized wastewater treatment. Performance of CWs was evaluated according to (i) type of wetland system, (ii) different support matrix (iii) vegetation species and (iv) removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD5), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P). The reviewed CWs in overall presented good efficiencies, whereas H-CWs achieved the highest removals for P, while the higher results for N were attained on VF-CW and for COD and BOD5 on HF-CW. Therefore, was concluded that CWs are an interesting solution for decentralized wastewater treatment in Brazil since it has warm temperatures, extensive radiation hours and available land. Additionally, the low percentage of population with access to the sewage network in the North and Northeast regions makes these systems especially suitable. Hence, the further implementation of CW is encouraged by the authors in regions with similar characteristics as Brazil.

ACS Style

A.I. Machado; M. Beretta; R. Fragoso; Elizabeth D' Almeida Duarte. Overview of the state of the art of constructed wetlands for decentralized wastewater management in Brazil. Journal of Environmental Management 2017, 187, 560 -570.

AMA Style

A.I. Machado, M. Beretta, R. Fragoso, Elizabeth D' Almeida Duarte. Overview of the state of the art of constructed wetlands for decentralized wastewater management in Brazil. Journal of Environmental Management. 2017; 187 ():560-570.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A.I. Machado; M. Beretta; R. Fragoso; Elizabeth D' Almeida Duarte. 2017. "Overview of the state of the art of constructed wetlands for decentralized wastewater management in Brazil." Journal of Environmental Management 187, no. : 560-570.

Review
Published: 26 October 2016 in Products from Olive Tree
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A Brief Review on Recent Processes for the Treatment of Olive Mill Effluents | InTechOpen, Published on: 2016-10-26. Authors: Javier Miguel Ochando‐Pulido, Rita Fragoso, Antónia Macedo, et

ACS Style

Javier Miguel Ochando‐Pulido; Rita Fragoso; Elizabeth Duarte Antónia Macedo; Elizabeth Duarte; Antonio Martínez Ferez. A Brief Review on Recent Processes for the Treatment of Olive Mill Effluents. Products from Olive Tree 2016, 1 .

AMA Style

Javier Miguel Ochando‐Pulido, Rita Fragoso, Elizabeth Duarte Antónia Macedo, Elizabeth Duarte, Antonio Martínez Ferez. A Brief Review on Recent Processes for the Treatment of Olive Mill Effluents. Products from Olive Tree. 2016; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Javier Miguel Ochando‐Pulido; Rita Fragoso; Elizabeth Duarte Antónia Macedo; Elizabeth Duarte; Antonio Martínez Ferez. 2016. "A Brief Review on Recent Processes for the Treatment of Olive Mill Effluents." Products from Olive Tree , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 14 June 2016 in Journal of Environmental Management
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The anaerobic co-digestion process in a continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) was carried out under mesophilic conditions (37 ± 0.2 °C). All the trials were performed at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 15 days and the AD reactor was daily fed with a mixture of sewage sludge (SS) and elephant grass hydrolyzate (EGH). In this study, three different trials were assessed, with different mixture proportions of SSSS and EGH: F0 (100:0,v/v), F1 (75:25, v/v) and F2 (50:50, v/v), during 90 days each trial, keeping the organic loading rate (OLR) in a range of 0.94–1.16 g VS L−1 day−1. The experimental results obtained showed that the soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) removal efficiency was around 77% and 86% for trials F1 and F2, respectively. SS co-digestion with EGH enhanced methane yield, leading to an increment between 23% and 38%, in comparison with the reference scenario (F0).

ACS Style

A.R. Carvalho; Rita Fragoso; Jorge Gominho; Artur Saraiva; R. Costa; E. Duarte. Water-energy nexus: Anaerobic co-digestion with elephant grass hydrolyzate. Journal of Environmental Management 2016, 181, 48 -53.

AMA Style

A.R. Carvalho, Rita Fragoso, Jorge Gominho, Artur Saraiva, R. Costa, E. Duarte. Water-energy nexus: Anaerobic co-digestion with elephant grass hydrolyzate. Journal of Environmental Management. 2016; 181 ():48-53.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A.R. Carvalho; Rita Fragoso; Jorge Gominho; Artur Saraiva; R. Costa; E. Duarte. 2016. "Water-energy nexus: Anaerobic co-digestion with elephant grass hydrolyzate." Journal of Environmental Management 181, no. : 48-53.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2015 in International Dairy Journal
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Second cheese whey (SCW) is a whey by-product resulting from the production of ovine whey cheeses, by thermal aggregation of proteins. It constitutes a natural source of valuable compounds, such as proteins, small peptides, oligosaccharides, lactose and minerals. In this work, ultrafiltration was used for fractionation of second cheese whey. Three commercial membranes with similar cut-off (10kDa), made from different hydrophilic materials: RC70PP (cellulose regenerated acetate), ETNA10PP (composite fluoro polymer) and UFX10pHt (polysulphone permanently hydrophilic) were tested. The performance of the three membranes was studied in terms of permeate fluxes, reversible and irreversible fouling resistances, water recovery fluxes and rejection factors. Membrane RC70PP showed better performance, because it had the highest permeate fluxes, the lowest irreversible fouling, with good selectivity (compared with that of membrane ETNA10PP) and water recovery fluxes of about 100%. The higher hydrophilicity of membrane RC70PP seems to justify these results

ACS Style

Antónia Macedo; Elizabeth D' Almeida Duarte; Rita Fragoso. Assessment of the performance of three ultrafiltration membranes for fractionation of ovine second cheese whey. International Dairy Journal 2015, 48, 31 -37.

AMA Style

Antónia Macedo, Elizabeth D' Almeida Duarte, Rita Fragoso. Assessment of the performance of three ultrafiltration membranes for fractionation of ovine second cheese whey. International Dairy Journal. 2015; 48 ():31-37.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Antónia Macedo; Elizabeth D' Almeida Duarte; Rita Fragoso. 2015. "Assessment of the performance of three ultrafiltration membranes for fractionation of ovine second cheese whey." International Dairy Journal 48, no. : 31-37.

Journal article
Published: 10 April 2015 in Water, Air, & Soil Pollution
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This paper aims to demonstrate the benefits of using a natural coagulant to enhance gravitational sedimentation of pig slurry. The separation process would lead to a liquid fraction, more biodegradable and with lower nutrient content, and a solid fraction highly concentrated in organic matter. Experimental trials were conducted in order to achieve the following objectives: (i) compare the effect of gravitational sedimentation with coagulation–flocculation process, (ii) compare the efficiency of conventional coagulants (such as aluminium sulphate or ferric chloride) with chitosan biopolymer and (iii) test the optimum coagulation–flocculation operational conditions to slurry sample. Assessment criteria included removal efficiencies but also took into consideration the advantages/disadvantages regarding sludge management. Results showed that gravitational sedimentation process can be improved by addition of coagulants; turbidity and COD removal increased around 2 and 3 times, respectively.

ACS Style

R. A. Fragoso; E. A. Duarte; J. Paiva. Contribution of Coagulation–Flocculation Process for a More Sustainable Pig Slurry Management. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 2015, 226, 1 .

AMA Style

R. A. Fragoso, E. A. Duarte, J. Paiva. Contribution of Coagulation–Flocculation Process for a More Sustainable Pig Slurry Management. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution. 2015; 226 (5):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

R. A. Fragoso; E. A. Duarte; J. Paiva. 2015. "Contribution of Coagulation–Flocculation Process for a More Sustainable Pig Slurry Management." Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 226, no. 5: 1.