Cloud computing offers the services to access, manipulate and configure data online over the web. The cloud term refers to an internet network which is remotely available and accessible at anytime from anywhere. Cloud computing is undoubtedly an innovation as the investment in the real and physical infrastructure is much greater than the cloud technology investment. The present work addresses the issue of power consumption done by cloud infrastructure. As there is a need for algorithms and techniques that can reduce energy consumption and schedule resource for the effectiveness of servers. Load balancing is also a significant part of cloud technology that enables the balanced distribution of load among multiple servers to fulfill users’ growing demand. The present work used various optimization algorithms such as particle swarm optimization (PSO), cat swarm optimization (CSO), BAT, cuckoo search algorithm (CSA) optimization algorithm and the whale optimization algorithm (WOA) for balancing the load, energy efficiency, and better resource scheduling to make an efficient cloud environment. In the case of seven servers and eight server’s settings, the results revealed that whale optimization algorithm outperformed other algorithms in terms of response time, energy consumption, execution time and throughput.

Industrialized countries and environmental protection agencies urge greener energy technology adoption and improvement in technological innovation. In this regard, the primary factor of greener energy adoption could be the budget allocated for renewable energy R&D, technological innovation, and socioeconomic conditions. The prime objective of this study is to explore the role of R&D for renewable energy adoption while considering economic and social factors. The present study analyzed quarterly data for Australia covering the period of 1994Q1–2019Q4. Furthermore, in this article, we employ the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm, ARDL bound testing, and a dynamic ARDL approach for a comprehensive empirical analysis. Empirical estimates reveal that R&D budgets for renewable energy, energy efficiency, and science and technology significantly promote greener energy adoption in the short term. However, the impact of the R&D budget on energy efficiency is positive in the long term. Technological innovation and economic growth are positively associated with green energy generation. From a policy perspective, an increase in budget allocation for R&D in renewables, energy efficiency, and technological innovation might act as a policy factor to bring environmental and economic sustainability.

This research emphasizes mainly on the need for software security. Softwares are developing at a faster pace so it is required to impose security on them in order to secure them from cybercrimes. Softwares have been facing problems by the attackers who are constantly kept on breaching the Data. Therefore this survey comprises the phases that are an integral part of the SDLC from the security point of views such as Design and testing phase. Moreover, it quests upon the data related to threats and attacks. Not only this, but it also involves the prerequisites that have to be determined before developing the software like, what are the approaches that should be followed and what are the best suitable designs to secure the software?