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Dr. Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum
Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology

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electrocatalysts
Hydrogen and Oxygen evolution reactions
water splitting
Hydrogen and fuel cells

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Journal article
Published: 09 March 2021 in Coatings
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Ammonia electro-oxidation (AEO) is a zero carbon-emitting sustainable means for the generation of hydrogen fuel, but its commercialization is deterred due to sluggish reaction kinetics and the poisoning of expensive metal electrocatalysts. With this perspective, CuO impregnated γ-Al2O3 (CuO/γ-Al2O3) hybrid materials were synthesized as effective and affordable electrocatalysts and investigated for AEO in alkaline media. Structural investigations were performed via different characterization techniques, i.e., X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The morphology of γ-Al2O3 support as interconnected porous structures rendered the CuO/γ-Al2O3 nanocatalysts with robust activity. The additional CuO impregnation resulted in the enhanced electrochemical active surface area (ECSAs) and diffusion coefficient and spiked the electrocatalytic performance for NH3 electrolysis. Owing to good values of diffusion coefficient for AEO, low bandgap, and availability of ample ECSA at higher CuO to γ-Al2O3 ratio, these proposed electrocatalysts were proved to be effective in AEO. Due to good reproducibility, electrochemical stability, and higher activity for ammonia electro-oxidation, CuO/γ-Al2O3 nanomaterials are proposed as efficient promoters, electrode materials, or catalysts in ammonia electrocatalysis.

ACS Style

Safia Khan; Syed Shah; Mohsin Anjum; Mohammad Khan; Naveed Janjua. Electro-Oxidation of Ammonia over Copper Oxide Impregnated γ-Al2O3 Nanocatalysts. Coatings 2021, 11, 313 .

AMA Style

Safia Khan, Syed Shah, Mohsin Anjum, Mohammad Khan, Naveed Janjua. Electro-Oxidation of Ammonia over Copper Oxide Impregnated γ-Al2O3 Nanocatalysts. Coatings. 2021; 11 (3):313.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Safia Khan; Syed Shah; Mohsin Anjum; Mohammad Khan; Naveed Janjua. 2021. "Electro-Oxidation of Ammonia over Copper Oxide Impregnated γ-Al2O3 Nanocatalysts." Coatings 11, no. 3: 313.

Inside back cover
Published: 21 December 2018 in Advanced Materials
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In article number 1805606 Hu Young Jeong, Jae Sung Lee, Jong‐Beom Baek, and co‐workers report the preparation of iridium (Ir) nanoparticles uniformly distributed on a 3D cage‐like organic network (3D CON)‐structured electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The [email protected] electrocatalyst outperforms commercial Pt/C for the HER in both acidic and alkaline media. This study provides an intuitive approach to the design and synthesis of durable HER catalysts.

ACS Style

Javeed Mahmood; Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum; Sun-Hee Shin; Ishfaq Ahmad; Hyuk-Jun Noh; Seok-Jin Kim; Hu Young Jeong; Jae Sung Lee; Jong-Beom Baek. Hydrogen Evolution Reaction: Encapsulating Iridium Nanoparticles Inside a 3D Cage‐Like Organic Network as an Efficient and Durable Catalyst for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (Adv. Mater. 52/2018). Advanced Materials 2018, 30, 1 .

AMA Style

Javeed Mahmood, Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum, Sun-Hee Shin, Ishfaq Ahmad, Hyuk-Jun Noh, Seok-Jin Kim, Hu Young Jeong, Jae Sung Lee, Jong-Beom Baek. Hydrogen Evolution Reaction: Encapsulating Iridium Nanoparticles Inside a 3D Cage‐Like Organic Network as an Efficient and Durable Catalyst for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (Adv. Mater. 52/2018). Advanced Materials. 2018; 30 (52):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Javeed Mahmood; Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum; Sun-Hee Shin; Ishfaq Ahmad; Hyuk-Jun Noh; Seok-Jin Kim; Hu Young Jeong; Jae Sung Lee; Jong-Beom Baek. 2018. "Hydrogen Evolution Reaction: Encapsulating Iridium Nanoparticles Inside a 3D Cage‐Like Organic Network as an Efficient and Durable Catalyst for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (Adv. Mater. 52/2018)." Advanced Materials 30, no. 52: 1.

Progress report
Published: 14 December 2018 in Advanced Materials
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Fused aromatic network (FAN) structures are a category of ordered porous polymers that permit the specific fusion of building blocks into extended porous network structures with designed skeletons and pores. One significant feature of FANs is that their structures can be tailorable with fused aromatic rings without rotatable single‐bond connectivity. As a result, the geometry and space orientation of the building blocks are easily incorporated to guide the topological expansion of the architectural periodicity. The variety of building units and fused linkages make FANs a promising materials platform for constitutional outline and functional design. The stably confined spaces of FAN architectures can be extended for the exchange of photons, ions, electrons, holes, and guest molecules, and exhibit customized chemical, electrochemical and optical properties. Herein, the main progress and advances in the field of 2D and 3D FANs and their utilization as a platform to develop efficient electrocatalysts for energy conversion and storage applications are summarized.

ACS Style

Javeed Mahmood; Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum; Jong‐Beom Baek. Fused Aromatic Network Structures as a Platform for Efficient Electrocatalysis. Advanced Materials 2018, 31, e1805062 .

AMA Style

Javeed Mahmood, Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum, Jong‐Beom Baek. Fused Aromatic Network Structures as a Platform for Efficient Electrocatalysis. Advanced Materials. 2018; 31 (20):e1805062.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Javeed Mahmood; Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum; Jong‐Beom Baek. 2018. "Fused Aromatic Network Structures as a Platform for Efficient Electrocatalysis." Advanced Materials 31, no. 20: e1805062.

Research article
Published: 04 December 2018 in Chemistry of Materials
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Metallic di-cobalt phosphide (Co2P) is doped with electronegative sulfur (S:Co2P) by using an economical and eco-friendly thiourea-phosphate assisted strategy. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation in conjunction with XPS reveals that S-doping decreases the electron density near the Fermi level to reduce the metallic nature of Co2P. Thus a more positive charge is induced onto Co to balance between hydride (Coδ+ ̶ Hδ-) and proton (S/Pδ- ̶ Hδ+) acceptors. As a result, it increases the number of active Co2+ sites as well as the turnover frequency (TOF) of a single site. The hybrid electrodes obtained by loading S:Co2P nanoparticles on N-doped carbon cloth or nickel foam (NF) exhibit outstanding activity and stability of hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions in alkaline electrolytes outperforming conventional, precious metal-based Pt/C and IrO2 catalysts and most of other state-of-the-art non-precious metal electrocatalysts reported so far. An alkaline electrolyzer with S:[email protected] as both cathode and anode produces a stable current densities of 100 mA/cm2 at 1.782 V, which is superior to IrO2-Pt/C electrolyzer (1.823 V).

ACS Style

Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum; Mahesh Datt Bhatt; Min Hee Lee; Jae Sung Lee. Sulfur-Doped Dicobalt Phosphide Outperforming Precious Metals as a Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Alkaline Water Electrolysis. Chemistry of Materials 2018, 30, 8861 -8870.

AMA Style

Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum, Mahesh Datt Bhatt, Min Hee Lee, Jae Sung Lee. Sulfur-Doped Dicobalt Phosphide Outperforming Precious Metals as a Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Alkaline Water Electrolysis. Chemistry of Materials. 2018; 30 (24):8861-8870.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum; Mahesh Datt Bhatt; Min Hee Lee; Jae Sung Lee. 2018. "Sulfur-Doped Dicobalt Phosphide Outperforming Precious Metals as a Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Alkaline Water Electrolysis." Chemistry of Materials 30, no. 24: 8861-8870.

Communication
Published: 02 November 2018 in Advanced Materials
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Developing efficient and durable electrocatalysts is key to optimizing the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), currently one of the cleanest and most sustainable routes for producing hydrogen. Here, a unique and efficient approach to fabricate and embed uniformly dispersed Ir nanoparticles in a 3D cage‐like organic network (CON) structure is reported. These uniformly trapped Ir nanoparticles within the 3D CON ([email protected]) effectively catalyze the HER process. The [email protected] electrocatalyst exhibits high turnover frequencies of 0.66 and 0.20 H2 s−1 at 25 mV and small overpotentials of 13.6 and 13.5 mV while generating a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in 0.5 m H2SO4 and 1.0 m KOH aqueous solutions, respectively, as compared to commercial Pt/C (18 and 23 mV) and Ir/C (20.7 and 28.3 mV). More importantly, the catalyst shows superior stability in both acidic and alkaline media. These results highlight a potentially powerful approach for the design and synthesis of efficient and durable electrocatalysts for HER.

ACS Style

Javeed Mahmood; Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum; Sun‐Hee Shin; Ishfaq Ahmad; Hyuk‐Jun Noh; Seok‐Jin Kim; Hu Young Jeong; Jae Sung Lee; Jong‐Beom Baek. Encapsulating Iridium Nanoparticles Inside a 3D Cage‐Like Organic Network as an Efficient and Durable Catalyst for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. Advanced Materials 2018, 30, e1805606 .

AMA Style

Javeed Mahmood, Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum, Sun‐Hee Shin, Ishfaq Ahmad, Hyuk‐Jun Noh, Seok‐Jin Kim, Hu Young Jeong, Jae Sung Lee, Jong‐Beom Baek. Encapsulating Iridium Nanoparticles Inside a 3D Cage‐Like Organic Network as an Efficient and Durable Catalyst for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. Advanced Materials. 2018; 30 (52):e1805606.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Javeed Mahmood; Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum; Sun‐Hee Shin; Ishfaq Ahmad; Hyuk‐Jun Noh; Seok‐Jin Kim; Hu Young Jeong; Jae Sung Lee; Jong‐Beom Baek. 2018. "Encapsulating Iridium Nanoparticles Inside a 3D Cage‐Like Organic Network as an Efficient and Durable Catalyst for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction." Advanced Materials 30, no. 52: e1805606.

Journal article
Published: 29 August 2018 in Nano Energy
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Sulfur-doped CoP (S:CoP) nanoparticles are synthesized as a noble metal-free electrocatalyst via a novel and eco-friendly thiourea-phosphate-assisted solvothermal route. When used as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions from water splitting in an alkaline solution, the electrode exhibits excellent activity and stability outperforming noble mental-based Pt/C, IrO2, and reported non-noble metal-based electrocatalysts. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the excellent performance is attributable to the improved charge-transfer characteristics of the S:CoP nanoparticles owing to their modified electronic structure. It also increases the number of exposed active sites especially on the conductive substrates. A bifunctional S:CoP catalyst-based alkaline electrolyzer for overall water splitting exhibits a stable current density of 100 mA/cm2 at an overvoltage of 0.55 V during a long-term operation; this performance is superior to that obtained from all-noble metal electrolyzer with a Pt/C cathode and an IrO2 anode.

ACS Style

Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum; Mahmut Sait Okyay; MinKyung Kim; Min Hee Lee; Noejung Park; Jae Sung Lee. Bifunctional sulfur-doped cobalt phosphide electrocatalyst outperforms all-noble-metal electrocatalysts in alkaline electrolyzer for overall water splitting. Nano Energy 2018, 53, 286 -295.

AMA Style

Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum, Mahmut Sait Okyay, MinKyung Kim, Min Hee Lee, Noejung Park, Jae Sung Lee. Bifunctional sulfur-doped cobalt phosphide electrocatalyst outperforms all-noble-metal electrocatalysts in alkaline electrolyzer for overall water splitting. Nano Energy. 2018; 53 ():286-295.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum; Mahmut Sait Okyay; MinKyung Kim; Min Hee Lee; Noejung Park; Jae Sung Lee. 2018. "Bifunctional sulfur-doped cobalt phosphide electrocatalyst outperforms all-noble-metal electrocatalysts in alkaline electrolyzer for overall water splitting." Nano Energy 53, no. : 286-295.

Research article
Published: 01 August 2018 in ACS Catalysis
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Boron and nitrogen co-doped molybdenum carbide nanoparticles imbedded in a B, N-doped carbon networks (B,N:[email protected]) are synthesized as a noble metal-free hybrid electrocatalyst via an eco-friendly organometallic complex of Mo-imidazole and boric acid. When used as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution (HER) and oxygen evolution (OER) reactions in an aqueous alkaline solution, the B,N:Mo2C/BCN catalyst displays high activity and stability in basic electrolytes, better than noble metal-based Pt/C, IrO2, and previously reported transition metal carbides-based electrocatalysts. The mechanistic study reveals that the enhanced performance of the hybrid material is attributable to the improved charge transfer characteristics as well as increased active surface areas owing to its modified electronic structure by B and N co-doping and formation of tiny nanoparticles imbedded in BCN networks. The synthesis approach employed in this study could also be suitable for tuning properties of other transition metal carbides for use as electrocatalysts.

ACS Style

Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum; Min Hee Lee; Jae Sung Lee. Boron- and Nitrogen-Codoped Molybdenum Carbide Nanoparticles Imbedded in a BCN Network as a Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution Reactions. ACS Catalysis 2018, 8, 8296 -8305.

AMA Style

Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum, Min Hee Lee, Jae Sung Lee. Boron- and Nitrogen-Codoped Molybdenum Carbide Nanoparticles Imbedded in a BCN Network as a Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution Reactions. ACS Catalysis. 2018; 8 (9):8296-8305.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum; Min Hee Lee; Jae Sung Lee. 2018. "Boron- and Nitrogen-Codoped Molybdenum Carbide Nanoparticles Imbedded in a BCN Network as a Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution Reactions." ACS Catalysis 8, no. 9: 8296-8305.

Journal article
Published: 30 March 2018 in Advanced Materials
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MoS becomes an efficient and durable nonprecious-metal electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) when it contains multifunctional active sites for water splitting derived from 1T-phase, defects, S vacancies, exposed Mo edges with expanded interlayer spacings. In contrast to previously reported MoS -based catalysts targeting only a single or few of these characteristics, the all-in-one MoS catalyst prepared herein features all of the above active site types. During synthesis, the intercalation of in situ generated NH molecules into MoS sheets affords ammoniated MoS (A-MoS ) that predominantly comprises 1T-MoS and exhibits an expanded interlayer spacing. The subsequent reduction of A-MoS results in the removal of intercalated NH and H S to form an all-in-one MoS with multifunctional active sites mentioned above (R-MoS ) that exhibits electrocatalytic HER performance in alkaline media superior to those of all previously reported MoS -based electrocatalysts. In particular, a hybrid MoS /nickel foam catalyst outperforms commercial Pt/C in the practically meaningful high-current region (>25 mA cm ), demonstrating that R-MoS -based materials can potentially replace Pt catalysts in practical alkaline HER systems.

ACS Style

Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum; Hu Young Jeong; Min Hee Lee; Hyeon Suk Shin; Jae Sung Lee. Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Catalysis in Alkaline Media by All-in-One MoS2 with Multifunctional Active Sites. Advanced Materials 2018, 30, e1707105 .

AMA Style

Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum, Hu Young Jeong, Min Hee Lee, Hyeon Suk Shin, Jae Sung Lee. Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Catalysis in Alkaline Media by All-in-One MoS2 with Multifunctional Active Sites. Advanced Materials. 2018; 30 (20):e1707105.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum; Hu Young Jeong; Min Hee Lee; Hyeon Suk Shin; Jae Sung Lee. 2018. "Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Catalysis in Alkaline Media by All-in-One MoS2 with Multifunctional Active Sites." Advanced Materials 30, no. 20: e1707105.

Journal article
Published: 22 May 2017 in Journal of Materials Chemistry A
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Five phases of molybdenum carbide encapsulated by a boron–carbon–nitrogen (BCN) network are synthesized by decomposition of a Mo–imidazole-borate organometallic complex with slight variations in the imidazole-borate ligand structure. Five phases of molybdenum carbide encapsulated by a boron–carbon–nitrogen (BCN) network are synthesized by decomposition of a Mo–imidazole-borate organometallic complex with slight variations in the imidazole-borate ligand structure. The method relies on the restrained in situ carburization reaction between Mo atoms and imidazole-borate ligands on an atomic scale, thus generating molybdenum carbide nanoparticles encapsulated conformally by the BCN shell. All phases of molybdenum carbide demonstrate excellent electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity and stability in both acidic and basic electrolytes outperforming most of molybdenum carbides reported in the literature. Hexagonal β-Mo 2 [email protected] consistently exhibits the most outstanding performance under all conditions. The less active cubic α and hexagonal η phases also display enhanced HER activity and stability due to the promotional effect of the BCN shell. The dual natured (electrophilic and nucleophilic) BCN layers can protect molybdenum carbide nanoparticles from corrosion and agglomeration, and improve their electrocatalytic activity by serving as an electron transfer medium and providing ample adsorption sites for water due to enhanced wetting properties.

ACS Style

Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum; Min Hee Lee; Jae Sung Lee. BCN network-encapsulated multiple phases of molybdenum carbide for efficient hydrogen evolution reactions in acidic and alkaline media. Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2017, 5, 13122 -13129.

AMA Style

Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum, Min Hee Lee, Jae Sung Lee. BCN network-encapsulated multiple phases of molybdenum carbide for efficient hydrogen evolution reactions in acidic and alkaline media. Journal of Materials Chemistry A. 2017; 5 (25):13122-13129.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum; Min Hee Lee; Jae Sung Lee. 2017. "BCN network-encapsulated multiple phases of molybdenum carbide for efficient hydrogen evolution reactions in acidic and alkaline media." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 5, no. 25: 13122-13129.

Research article
Published: 29 March 2017 in ACS Catalysis
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Sulfur and nitrogen dual-doped molybdenum phosphides (MoP/SN) are synthesized via a (thio)urea-phosphate-assisted strategy in which the reductant (thio)urea acts as S and N source and phosphoric acid provides the P atom. The MoP/SN nanoparticles are generated by in situ phosphidation of indigenously synthesized ammonium phosphate-coated P-doped MoSx nanoparticles in a hydrogen atmosphere. Then, MoP/SN is anchored on graphene to obtain a hybrid electrocatalyst (MoP/SNG) that exhibits high activity and stability for electrochemical hydrogen evolution from water in both acidic and basic electrolytes, outperforming most MoP-based electrocatalysts reported in the literature. The dual doping and hybridization with graphene enhance electron conductivity of MoP and stabilize small MoP nanoparticles to increase activity and stability, especially in acid electrolytes.

ACS Style

Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum; Jae Sung Lee. Sulfur and Nitrogen Dual-Doped Molybdenum Phosphide Nanocrystallites as an Active and Stable Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalyst in Acidic and Alkaline Media. ACS Catalysis 2017, 7, 3030 -3038.

AMA Style

Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum, Jae Sung Lee. Sulfur and Nitrogen Dual-Doped Molybdenum Phosphide Nanocrystallites as an Active and Stable Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalyst in Acidic and Alkaline Media. ACS Catalysis. 2017; 7 (4):3030-3038.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohsin Ali Raza Anjum; Jae Sung Lee. 2017. "Sulfur and Nitrogen Dual-Doped Molybdenum Phosphide Nanocrystallites as an Active and Stable Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalyst in Acidic and Alkaline Media." ACS Catalysis 7, no. 4: 3030-3038.