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Renovation at district scale is a key strategy to reduce CO2 emissions by optimising the implementation of renewable energy sources and taking advantage of economy of scale. This paper focuses on analysing good practice examples on energy renovations at district scale. The paper adapts a qualitative research methodology in four phases, including the multi-perspective analysis of nine exemplary renovation projects in six European countries, including identification of drivers and barriers of different stakeholders. It is found that the drivers for a district renovation are not restricted to energy savings, but typically also include improving the overall quality of life as well as the image and economic value of a district. Moreover, the need for financial models that can alleviate split-incentive problems between investors and resident organizations is identified. Barriers for carrying out a district renovation include that there is a need to comply with energy standards, that the renovation scope had to be limited to avoid a noticeable rent increase and that resettling of tenants during the renovation is often not possible. Lessons learned include that good communication amongst the different stakeholders, especially with residents, plays a key role for the success of the project. Furthermore, a strong leadership is needed to coordinate activities due to the great number of stakeholders.
Jørgen Rose; Kirsten Engelund Thomsen; Silvia Domingo-Irigoyen; Roman Bolliger; David Venus; Thaleia Konstantinou; Erwin Mlecnik; Manuela Almeida; Ricardo Barbosa; Jon Terés-Zubiaga; Erik Johansson; Henrik Davidsson; Mira Conci; Tiziano Dalla Mora; Simone Ferrari; Federica Zagarella; Ana Sanchez Ostiz; Jorge San Miguel-Bellod; Aurora Monge-Barrio; Juan Maria Hidalgo-Betanzos. Building renovation at district level – Lessons learned from international case studies. Sustainable Cities and Society 2021, 72, 103037 .
AMA StyleJørgen Rose, Kirsten Engelund Thomsen, Silvia Domingo-Irigoyen, Roman Bolliger, David Venus, Thaleia Konstantinou, Erwin Mlecnik, Manuela Almeida, Ricardo Barbosa, Jon Terés-Zubiaga, Erik Johansson, Henrik Davidsson, Mira Conci, Tiziano Dalla Mora, Simone Ferrari, Federica Zagarella, Ana Sanchez Ostiz, Jorge San Miguel-Bellod, Aurora Monge-Barrio, Juan Maria Hidalgo-Betanzos. Building renovation at district level – Lessons learned from international case studies. Sustainable Cities and Society. 2021; 72 ():103037.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJørgen Rose; Kirsten Engelund Thomsen; Silvia Domingo-Irigoyen; Roman Bolliger; David Venus; Thaleia Konstantinou; Erwin Mlecnik; Manuela Almeida; Ricardo Barbosa; Jon Terés-Zubiaga; Erik Johansson; Henrik Davidsson; Mira Conci; Tiziano Dalla Mora; Simone Ferrari; Federica Zagarella; Ana Sanchez Ostiz; Jorge San Miguel-Bellod; Aurora Monge-Barrio; Juan Maria Hidalgo-Betanzos. 2021. "Building renovation at district level – Lessons learned from international case studies." Sustainable Cities and Society 72, no. : 103037.
Historic building restoration and renovation requires sensitivity to the cultural heritage, historic value, and sustainability (i.e., building physics, energy efficiency, and comfort) goals of the project. Energy-efficient ventilation such as demand-controlled ventilation and heat recovery ventilation can contribute to the aforementioned goals, if ventilation concepts and airflow distribution are planned and realized in a minimally invasive way. Compared to new buildings, the building physics of historic buildings are more complicated in terms of hygrothermal performance. In particular, if internal insulation is applied, dehumidification is needed for robust and risk-free future use, while maintaining the building’s cultural value. As each ventilation system has to be chosen and adapted individually to the specific building, the selection of the appropriate system type is not an easy task. For this reason, there is a need for a scientifically valid, systematic approach to pair appropriate ventilation system and airflow distribution solutions with historical buildings. This paper provides an overview of the interrelationships between heritage conservation and the need for ventilation in energy-efficient buildings, regarding building physics and indoor environmental quality. Furthermore, a systematic approach based on assessment criteria in terms of heritage significance of the building, building physics (hygrothermal performance), and building services (energy efficiency, indoor air quality, and comfort rating) according to the standard EN 16883:2017 are applied.
Alexander Rieser; Rainer Pfluger; Alexandra Troi; Daniel Herrera-Avellanosa; Kirsten Thomsen; Jørgen Rose; Zeynep Arsan; Gulden Akkurt; Gerhard Kopeinig; Gaëlle Guyot; Daniel Chung. Integration of Energy-Efficient Ventilation Systems in Historic Buildings—Review and Proposal of a Systematic Intervention Approach. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2325 .
AMA StyleAlexander Rieser, Rainer Pfluger, Alexandra Troi, Daniel Herrera-Avellanosa, Kirsten Thomsen, Jørgen Rose, Zeynep Arsan, Gulden Akkurt, Gerhard Kopeinig, Gaëlle Guyot, Daniel Chung. Integration of Energy-Efficient Ventilation Systems in Historic Buildings—Review and Proposal of a Systematic Intervention Approach. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):2325.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexander Rieser; Rainer Pfluger; Alexandra Troi; Daniel Herrera-Avellanosa; Kirsten Thomsen; Jørgen Rose; Zeynep Arsan; Gulden Akkurt; Gerhard Kopeinig; Gaëlle Guyot; Daniel Chung. 2021. "Integration of Energy-Efficient Ventilation Systems in Historic Buildings—Review and Proposal of a Systematic Intervention Approach." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 2325.
Building renovation plays a key role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and achieving the climate protection goals. The district scale approach is one of the most effective approaches to accelerate this process of reducing the energy consumption in the building sector as increasing its renovation rates. In this context, the Energy in Buildings and Communities Programme of the IEA, IEA-EBC started in 2017 the project “Annex 75: Cost-Effective Building renovation at District Level Combining Energy Efficiency and Renewables” aiming to explore optimal opportunities of district renovations from a cost-benefit perspective. IEA Annex 75 is a co-operative effort of participants from 13 different countries: Austria, Belgium, China, Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany, Italy, The Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland. In this paper, key elements of the methodology developed in Annex 75 project are presented. This methodology aims to facilitate the identification of optimal solutions in different European countries, enabling to explore similarities and differences amongst them, with a particular focus on the balance between energy efficiency measures and renewable energy measures. After a detailed description of the developed methodology, it is also applied to a case study located in Portugal and results obtained are analysed in detail. The paper demonstrates the usefulness of the methodology for evaluating and identifying optimal solutions in renovations at district scale, as well as for successfully addressing the research questions investigated by the Annex 75 project. They also provide some insights regarding the specific case study, showing that, although district systems are not usual in the current Portuguese context, these centralised solutions in renovations at district level are cost-effective interventions that can lead to significant reductions of greenhouse gas emissions and non-renewable primary energy use.
Jon Terés-Zubiaga; Roman Bolliger; Manuela Almeida; Ricardo Barbosa; Jørgen Rose; Kirsten Engelund Thomsen; Eduardo Montero; Raúl Briones-Llorente. Cost-effective building renovation at district level combining energy efficiency & renewables – Methodology assessment proposed in IEA EBC Annex 75 and a demonstration case study. Energy and Buildings 2020, 224, 110280 .
AMA StyleJon Terés-Zubiaga, Roman Bolliger, Manuela Almeida, Ricardo Barbosa, Jørgen Rose, Kirsten Engelund Thomsen, Eduardo Montero, Raúl Briones-Llorente. Cost-effective building renovation at district level combining energy efficiency & renewables – Methodology assessment proposed in IEA EBC Annex 75 and a demonstration case study. Energy and Buildings. 2020; 224 ():110280.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJon Terés-Zubiaga; Roman Bolliger; Manuela Almeida; Ricardo Barbosa; Jørgen Rose; Kirsten Engelund Thomsen; Eduardo Montero; Raúl Briones-Llorente. 2020. "Cost-effective building renovation at district level combining energy efficiency & renewables – Methodology assessment proposed in IEA EBC Annex 75 and a demonstration case study." Energy and Buildings 224, no. : 110280.
In 2011, the Danish government published an energy strategy for Denmark where one of the main targets are that Denmark should be a fossil-free society by 2050. Calculations show, that in order to reach this goal it is necessary to reduce the energy consumption of the existing building stock by 50 % on average. Since a 50 % reduction is obviously not possible for all buildings, those that can should aim for a so-called "deep energy renovation", i.e. reducing the energy consumption to a level corresponding to that of new buildings or even more. This paper describes two case studies where multi-story apartment buildings have undergone deep energy renovation. “Traneparken” where the expected energy use after renovation aimed at a level corresponding to that of a new building according to the Danish Building Regulations from 2015. “Sems Have” where the aim was to go even further and meet the requirements expected for new buildings in 2020, i.e. corresponding to the Danish “nearly zero energy”-definition according to the EPBD. The paper reports on calculations and measurements of energy savings, the economy of the projects and looks at the added benefits or co-benefits that residents, housing association and society in general have achieved in addition to significant energy savings.
Jørgen Rose; Kirsten Engelund Thomsen; Ove C. Mørck; Miriam Sanchez Mayoral Gutierrez; Søren Østergaard Jensen. Refurbishing blocks of flats to very low or nearly zero energy level–technical and financial results plus co-benefits. Energy and Buildings 2018, 184, 1 -7.
AMA StyleJørgen Rose, Kirsten Engelund Thomsen, Ove C. Mørck, Miriam Sanchez Mayoral Gutierrez, Søren Østergaard Jensen. Refurbishing blocks of flats to very low or nearly zero energy level–technical and financial results plus co-benefits. Energy and Buildings. 2018; 184 ():1-7.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJørgen Rose; Kirsten Engelund Thomsen; Ove C. Mørck; Miriam Sanchez Mayoral Gutierrez; Søren Østergaard Jensen. 2018. "Refurbishing blocks of flats to very low or nearly zero energy level–technical and financial results plus co-benefits." Energy and Buildings 184, no. : 1-7.
Jesper Kragh; Jørgen Rose; Henrik N. Knudsen; Ole Michael Jensen. Possible explanations for the gap between calculated and measured energy consumption of new houses. Energy Procedia 2017, 132, 69 -74.
AMA StyleJesper Kragh, Jørgen Rose, Henrik N. Knudsen, Ole Michael Jensen. Possible explanations for the gap between calculated and measured energy consumption of new houses. Energy Procedia. 2017; 132 ():69-74.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJesper Kragh; Jørgen Rose; Henrik N. Knudsen; Ole Michael Jensen. 2017. "Possible explanations for the gap between calculated and measured energy consumption of new houses." Energy Procedia 132, no. : 69-74.
Jørgen Rose; Jesper Kragh. Distribution of heating costs in multi-story apartment buildings. Energy Procedia 2017, 132, 1012 -1017.
AMA StyleJørgen Rose, Jesper Kragh. Distribution of heating costs in multi-story apartment buildings. Energy Procedia. 2017; 132 ():1012-1017.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJørgen Rose; Jesper Kragh. 2017. "Distribution of heating costs in multi-story apartment buildings." Energy Procedia 132, no. : 1012-1017.
Mingzhe Liu; Per Kvols Heiselberg; Olena Kalyanova Larsen; Lone Mortensen; Jørgen Rose. Investigation of Different Configurations of a Ventilated Window to Optimize Both Energy Efficiency and Thermal Comfort. Energy Procedia 2017, 132, 478 -483.
AMA StyleMingzhe Liu, Per Kvols Heiselberg, Olena Kalyanova Larsen, Lone Mortensen, Jørgen Rose. Investigation of Different Configurations of a Ventilated Window to Optimize Both Energy Efficiency and Thermal Comfort. Energy Procedia. 2017; 132 ():478-483.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMingzhe Liu; Per Kvols Heiselberg; Olena Kalyanova Larsen; Lone Mortensen; Jørgen Rose. 2017. "Investigation of Different Configurations of a Ventilated Window to Optimize Both Energy Efficiency and Thermal Comfort." Energy Procedia 132, no. : 478-483.
Denmark is participating in IEA EBC Annex 56 “Cost Effective Energy and Carbon Emissions Optimization in Building Renovation”. This paper presents results from the apartment complex Traneparken that was chosen as a Danish case study for the project. Traneparken has undergone a comprehensive energy retrofit including new facades, new windows, additional insulation, mechanical ventilation with heat recovery and a photovoltaic installation on the roof. The measured energy consumption for heating and domestic hot water before and after renovation was 139.1 kWh/m2/year and 95.6 kWh/m2/year respectively, and thereby the project has demonstrated that the renovation resulted in significant energy savings. A questionnaire survey was carried out focusing on the tenants’ overall satisfaction with the retrofitting process and the results of the retrofitting, including e.g. perceived indoor climate before and after the retrofit. In three of the flats in Traneparken measurements of ventilation conditions were performed using passive tracer gas technique together with continuous registration of the room air temperature, the relative humidity and the CO2-concentration using programmable data loggers.
Kirsten Engelund Thomsen; Jørgen Rose; Ove Mørck; Søren Østergaard Jensen; Iben Østergaard; Henrik N. Knudsen; Niels C. Bergsøe. Energy consumption and indoor climate in a residential building before and after comprehensive energy retrofitting. Energy and Buildings 2016, 123, 8 -16.
AMA StyleKirsten Engelund Thomsen, Jørgen Rose, Ove Mørck, Søren Østergaard Jensen, Iben Østergaard, Henrik N. Knudsen, Niels C. Bergsøe. Energy consumption and indoor climate in a residential building before and after comprehensive energy retrofitting. Energy and Buildings. 2016; 123 ():8-16.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKirsten Engelund Thomsen; Jørgen Rose; Ove Mørck; Søren Østergaard Jensen; Iben Østergaard; Henrik N. Knudsen; Niels C. Bergsøe. 2016. "Energy consumption and indoor climate in a residential building before and after comprehensive energy retrofitting." Energy and Buildings 123, no. : 8-16.
In connection with the “IEA SHC Task 47 - Solar Renovation of Non-Residential Buildings”, Denmark has investigated 4 exemplary renovation projects; The Osram Culture Centre, Rockwool office building, Parkvænget office building and Kindergarten Vejtoften. The 4 exemplary projects have demonstrated that deep energy renovation can be achieved for different types of non-residential buildings including protected/historic buildings through combinations of energy efficiency measures and renewable energy measures. This paper provides an introduction to the IEA project and includes results from the 4 Danish exemplary projects with a more detailed description of the renovation of Parkvænget office building.
Jørgen Rose; Kirsten Engelund Thomsen. Energy Saving Potential in Retrofitting of Non-residential Buildings in Denmark. Energy Procedia 2015, 78, 1009 -1014.
AMA StyleJørgen Rose, Kirsten Engelund Thomsen. Energy Saving Potential in Retrofitting of Non-residential Buildings in Denmark. Energy Procedia. 2015; 78 ():1009-1014.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJørgen Rose; Kirsten Engelund Thomsen. 2015. "Energy Saving Potential in Retrofitting of Non-residential Buildings in Denmark." Energy Procedia 78, no. : 1009-1014.
Denmark is participating in IEA EBC Annex 56 “Cost Effective Energy and Carbon Emissions Optimization in Building Renovation”. The housing complex Traneparken has been chosen as a Danish case study for the project. It has been retrofitted with new facades, new windows, additional insulation, mechanical ventilation with heat recovery and a photo-voltaic installation on the roof. The measured energy consumption for heating and domestic hot water before and after renovation was 736 MWh/year and 506 MWh/year respectively. Hereby, the project has demonstrated that the renovation resulted in significant energy savings.This paper presents results from the Danish case study.
Kirsten Engelund Thomsen; Jørgen Rose; Ove Morck; Søren Østergaard Jensen; Iben Østergaard. Energy Consumption in an Old Residential Building Before and After Deep Energy Renovation. Energy Procedia 2015, 78, 2358 -2365.
AMA StyleKirsten Engelund Thomsen, Jørgen Rose, Ove Morck, Søren Østergaard Jensen, Iben Østergaard. Energy Consumption in an Old Residential Building Before and After Deep Energy Renovation. Energy Procedia. 2015; 78 ():2358-2365.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKirsten Engelund Thomsen; Jørgen Rose; Ove Morck; Søren Østergaard Jensen; Iben Østergaard. 2015. "Energy Consumption in an Old Residential Building Before and After Deep Energy Renovation." Energy Procedia 78, no. : 2358-2365.
Ove Mørck; Kirsten Engelund Thomsen; Jørgen Rose. The EU CONCERTO project Class 1 – Demonstrating cost-effective low-energy buildings – Recent results with special focus on comparison of calculated and measured energy performance of Danish buildings. Applied Energy 2012, 97, 319 -326.
AMA StyleOve Mørck, Kirsten Engelund Thomsen, Jørgen Rose. The EU CONCERTO project Class 1 – Demonstrating cost-effective low-energy buildings – Recent results with special focus on comparison of calculated and measured energy performance of Danish buildings. Applied Energy. 2012; 97 ():319-326.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOve Mørck; Kirsten Engelund Thomsen; Jørgen Rose. 2012. "The EU CONCERTO project Class 1 – Demonstrating cost-effective low-energy buildings – Recent results with special focus on comparison of calculated and measured energy performance of Danish buildings." Applied Energy 97, no. : 319-326.
Toke Rammer Nielsen; Jørgen Rose; Jesper Kragh. Dynamic model of counter flow air to air heat exchanger for comfort ventilation with condensation and frost formation. Applied Thermal Engineering 2009, 29, 462 -468.
AMA StyleToke Rammer Nielsen, Jørgen Rose, Jesper Kragh. Dynamic model of counter flow air to air heat exchanger for comfort ventilation with condensation and frost formation. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2009; 29 (2-3):462-468.
Chicago/Turabian StyleToke Rammer Nielsen; Jørgen Rose; Jesper Kragh. 2009. "Dynamic model of counter flow air to air heat exchanger for comfort ventilation with condensation and frost formation." Applied Thermal Engineering 29, no. 2-3: 462-468.
Using mechanical ventilation with highly efficient heat-recovery in northern European or arctic climates is a very efficient way of reducing the energy use for heating in buildings. However, it also presents a series of problems concerning condensation and frost formation in the heat-exchanger. Developing highly efficient heat-exchangers and strategies to avoid/remove frost formation implies the use of detailed models to predict and evaluate different heat-exchanger designs and strategies. This paper presents a quasi-steady-state model of a counter-flow air-to-air heat-exchanger that takes into account the effects of condensation and frost formation. The model is developed as an Excel spreadsheet, and specific results are compared with laboratory measurements. As an example, the model is used to determine the most energy-efficient control strategy for a specific heat-exchanger under northern European and arctic climate conditions.
Jørgen Rose; Toke Rammer Nielsen; Jesper Kragh; Svend Svendsen. Quasi-steady-state model of a counter-flow air-to-air heat-exchanger with phase change. Applied Energy 2008, 85, 312 -325.
AMA StyleJørgen Rose, Toke Rammer Nielsen, Jesper Kragh, Svend Svendsen. Quasi-steady-state model of a counter-flow air-to-air heat-exchanger with phase change. Applied Energy. 2008; 85 (5):312-325.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJørgen Rose; Toke Rammer Nielsen; Jesper Kragh; Svend Svendsen. 2008. "Quasi-steady-state model of a counter-flow air-to-air heat-exchanger with phase change." Applied Energy 85, no. 5: 312-325.