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This paper documents state-of-the-art research on the impact of social norms on pro-environmental consumer behavior. Our aim was to identify possible research gaps, in particular in terms of the moderating role of culture and self-construal, and to suggest potentially fruitful research avenues. To achieve these objectives, we conducted a systematic review of the literature on the impact of social norms on sustainability over the past 20 years, placing emphasis on the role of culture and self-construal. Altogether, we collected over 16,000 papers via Web of Science and subsequently used NVivo 12 for a fine-grained qualitative analysis. Our findings provide several new insights. First, we identified the most popular research areas, top journals and leading authors in the field of social norms and pro-environmental sustainability. Second, we pinpointed the most popular research topics in the context of the norm–sustainability relationship. Third, we revealed how culture and self-construal have been addressed when researching the connection between social norms and pro-environmental behavior, identified managerial implications, and offered future research directions on the moderating effects of culture and self-construal.
Selma Saracevic; Bodo Schlegelmilch. The Impact of Social Norms on Pro-Environmental Behavior: A Systematic Literature Review of The Role of Culture and Self-Construal. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5156 .
AMA StyleSelma Saracevic, Bodo Schlegelmilch. The Impact of Social Norms on Pro-Environmental Behavior: A Systematic Literature Review of The Role of Culture and Self-Construal. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):5156.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSelma Saracevic; Bodo Schlegelmilch. 2021. "The Impact of Social Norms on Pro-Environmental Behavior: A Systematic Literature Review of The Role of Culture and Self-Construal." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 5156.
Research on online retailer–customer interactions has extensively focused on how to turn negative reviews into marketing wins. By contrast, few prior studies have investigated how retailers should best respond to positive reviews. The current study aims to fill this gap. Drawing on interpersonal relationship research into capitalizing on positive experience, together with reinforcement effect theory and automatic behavioral priming theory, this study explores how retailers should respond to positive reviews to drive consumer repurchase intention. Two laboratory experiments reveal that an active–constructive response in a friendly communication style increases consumer repurchase intention, and consumer positive affect mediates this process. Our findings provide new theoretical insights and useful guidance for retailers on designing effective online communication strategies for consumers.
Jintao Wu; Tong Wu; Bodo B. Schlegelmilch. Seize the Day: How Online Retailers Should Respond to Positive Reviews. Journal of Interactive Marketing 2020, 52, 52 -60.
AMA StyleJintao Wu, Tong Wu, Bodo B. Schlegelmilch. Seize the Day: How Online Retailers Should Respond to Positive Reviews. Journal of Interactive Marketing. 2020; 52 ():52-60.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJintao Wu; Tong Wu; Bodo B. Schlegelmilch. 2020. "Seize the Day: How Online Retailers Should Respond to Positive Reviews." Journal of Interactive Marketing 52, no. : 52-60.
Business education is undergoing paradigmatic changes, and business schools are feeling the brunt of these changes. This article proposes that “business as usual” is over for traditional business schools. Using Ohmae’s 3Cs—customers, competitors, and company—as an analytical framework, I examine important changes from different vantage points. From the perspective of customers, the focus lies on technological and value changes. In terms of competitors, the analysis centers on the growing number of alternative suppliers of business education and the geographic shifts in the business school landscape. As to the company dimension, I comment on the vast number and heterogeneity of business schools and suggest that they are heading toward a business model competition. In considering potential development paths for business schools, the article concludes that they require radical innovations to stay relevant.
Bodo B. Schlegelmilch. Why Business Schools Need Radical Innovations: Drivers and Development Trajectories. Journal of Marketing Education 2020, 42, 93 -107.
AMA StyleBodo B. Schlegelmilch. Why Business Schools Need Radical Innovations: Drivers and Development Trajectories. Journal of Marketing Education. 2020; 42 (2):93-107.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBodo B. Schlegelmilch. 2020. "Why Business Schools Need Radical Innovations: Drivers and Development Trajectories." Journal of Marketing Education 42, no. 2: 93-107.
Drawing on social identity theory and self-verification theory, this study seeks to delineate the relationship between global identity and global social networking sites usage. Despite the significance of users’ motivation in predicting SNS usage, there has been insufficient focus on other potential drivers that are relevant in today’s global and competitive marketplace. This study aims to fill this gap by providing a comprehensive framework of the role of global identity in shaping SNS behavior through users’ motivation. Empirical evidence from 696 global SNS users in Austria, Indonesia and Thailand are analyzed in order to test the underlying mechanism of the suggested relationship. In addition, findings reveal differences across countries that are indicators of the existence of some country-specific patterns. Finally, this research extends the current literature on digital and international marketing and provides SNS managers with nuanced insights into marketing strategies they should follow in different country contexts.
Katerina Makri; Karolos Papadas; Bodo B. Schlegelmilch. Global social networking sites and global identity: A three-country study. Journal of Business Research 2019, 130, 482 -492.
AMA StyleKaterina Makri, Karolos Papadas, Bodo B. Schlegelmilch. Global social networking sites and global identity: A three-country study. Journal of Business Research. 2019; 130 ():482-492.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKaterina Makri; Karolos Papadas; Bodo B. Schlegelmilch. 2019. "Global social networking sites and global identity: A three-country study." Journal of Business Research 130, no. : 482-492.
Despite burgeoning academic interest in anticonsumption, a lack of definitional clarity and overlapping constructs beleaguer the pertinent literature, preventing research in the field from reaching its full potential. This paper aims to strengthen the foundations for advancing knowledge in this fragmented field by (a) undertaking a thorough systematic review of literature; (b) charting the scope of anticonsumption literature based on network analysis and attempting to delineate overlapping areas; (c) providing an integrated framework of anticonsumption research, including antecedents, moderators, and consequences; and (d) suggesting a set of specific research propositions that will enable the field to move forward. Toward these aims, we analyzed 120 anticonsumption papers revealed in the literature review, identifying a number of important anticonsumption‐related topics that warrant further investigation. Moreover, we suggest a research framework which reveals antecedents, causal sequences, and consequences of anticonsumption. Finally, a research agenda based on this integrated framework indicates promising areas for future research.
Katerina Makri; Bodo B Schlegelmilch; Robert Mai; Katharina Dinhof. What we know about anticonsumption: An attempt to nail jelly to the wall. Psychology & Marketing 2019, 37, 177 -215.
AMA StyleKaterina Makri, Bodo B Schlegelmilch, Robert Mai, Katharina Dinhof. What we know about anticonsumption: An attempt to nail jelly to the wall. Psychology & Marketing. 2019; 37 (2):177-215.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKaterina Makri; Bodo B Schlegelmilch; Robert Mai; Katharina Dinhof. 2019. "What we know about anticonsumption: An attempt to nail jelly to the wall." Psychology & Marketing 37, no. 2: 177-215.
Recent decades have witnessed considerable research advances on the relationship between sustainable product attributes and consumer decision-making. However, despite the substantial body of research, findings remain fragmented and sometimes even contradictory. This study provides a state-of-the-art overview of extant research, uncovers knowledge gaps and develops recommendations for future research. Specifically, it presents a systematic review of research into relationships between sustainable product attributes and consumer decision-making over the past decade (2008–2018). In general, this review finds that most papers assume linear and rational consumer decision-making process, focus on environmental sustainability, and mostly examine food products; social sustainability is comparatively neglected, as is work that addresses cultural contexts, particularly differences between emerging and developed countries.
Adjengdia Bunga Bangsa; Bodo B. Schlegelmilch. Linking sustainable product attributes and consumer decision-making: Insights from a systematic review. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019, 245, 118902 .
AMA StyleAdjengdia Bunga Bangsa, Bodo B. Schlegelmilch. Linking sustainable product attributes and consumer decision-making: Insights from a systematic review. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019; 245 ():118902.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdjengdia Bunga Bangsa; Bodo B. Schlegelmilch. 2019. "Linking sustainable product attributes and consumer decision-making: Insights from a systematic review." Journal of Cleaner Production 245, no. : 118902.
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to represent the first empirical attempt to explore global-local consumer identities as drivers of global digital brand usage. Specifically, this study considers a unique category of digital products, social networking sites (SNS), and develops a set of hypotheses to assess the mechanism through which location-based identities influence the actual usage of global SNS (Facebook and Instagram). Moreover, cross-country variations are investigated under the lens of developed vs developing countries. Design/methodology/approach Cross-country surveys in a developed (Austria) and a developing country (Thailand) were conducted. Data collected from 425 young adults were analyzed using SEM techniques in order to test a set of hypotheses. Findings Results show that in Thailand, users with a global identity enjoy participating in global SNS more than their counterparts in Austria. In addition, consumers with a local identity in Thailand demonstrate less pleasure when participating in global SNS than their counterparts in Austria, and consequently are less inclined to use global SNS. Practical implications Findings provide digital marketers with useful insights into important strategic decisions regarding the selection and potential adaptation of global digital brands according to the country context. Originality/value This research is the first to extend the location-based identity research in the context of global digital brands, explain how global-local identities predict SNS usage through an engagement mechanism and investigate cross-country variations of this mechanism.
Katerina Makri; Karolos-Konstantinos Papadas; Bodo B. Schlegelmilch. Global-local consumer identities as drivers of global digital brand usage. International Marketing Review 2019, 36, 702 -725.
AMA StyleKaterina Makri, Karolos-Konstantinos Papadas, Bodo B. Schlegelmilch. Global-local consumer identities as drivers of global digital brand usage. International Marketing Review. 2019; 36 (5):702-725.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKaterina Makri; Karolos-Konstantinos Papadas; Bodo B. Schlegelmilch. 2019. "Global-local consumer identities as drivers of global digital brand usage." International Marketing Review 36, no. 5: 702-725.
Agnieszka Zablocki; Katerina Makri; Bodo B. Schlegelmilch; Michael J. Houston. Corrigendum to ‘Emotions Within Online Reviews and their Influence on Product Attitudes in Austria, USA and Thailand’ [Journal of Interactive Marketing, Volume 46, May 2019, Pages 20–39]. Journal of Interactive Marketing 2019, 46, 113 .
AMA StyleAgnieszka Zablocki, Katerina Makri, Bodo B. Schlegelmilch, Michael J. Houston. Corrigendum to ‘Emotions Within Online Reviews and their Influence on Product Attitudes in Austria, USA and Thailand’ [Journal of Interactive Marketing, Volume 46, May 2019, Pages 20–39]. Journal of Interactive Marketing. 2019; 46 ():113.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAgnieszka Zablocki; Katerina Makri; Bodo B. Schlegelmilch; Michael J. Houston. 2019. "Corrigendum to ‘Emotions Within Online Reviews and their Influence on Product Attitudes in Austria, USA and Thailand’ [Journal of Interactive Marketing, Volume 46, May 2019, Pages 20–39]." Journal of Interactive Marketing 46, no. : 113.
This study tests, using a sample of cross-border alliances, how different alliance capability components intersect to develop resource complementarity and trust and how such interpartner attributes themselves intersect to enhance performance. We find that management capability allows firms to build resource complementarity and trust. High formulation capability is required for management capability to positively shape resource complementarity. Search capability is only positively linked to resource complementarity when formulation capability is low. International alliance experience drives resource complementarity. Trust has an inverted U-shaped relationship with performance, and resource complementarity drives trust and performance. Resource complementarity positively moderates the trust–performance link.
Matthew J. Robson; Constantine S. Katsikeas; Bodo B. Schlegelmilch; Barbara Pramböck. Alliance capabilities, interpartner attributes, and performance outcomes in international strategic alliances. Journal of World Business 2018, 54, 137 -153.
AMA StyleMatthew J. Robson, Constantine S. Katsikeas, Bodo B. Schlegelmilch, Barbara Pramböck. Alliance capabilities, interpartner attributes, and performance outcomes in international strategic alliances. Journal of World Business. 2018; 54 (2):137-153.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMatthew J. Robson; Constantine S. Katsikeas; Bodo B. Schlegelmilch; Barbara Pramböck. 2018. "Alliance capabilities, interpartner attributes, and performance outcomes in international strategic alliances." Journal of World Business 54, no. 2: 137-153.
Purpose Widespread adoption of reporting frameworks has contributed to current global practices undertaken by firms to report social, environmental and economic impact. The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), the most widely used of those frameworks, has produced several generations of guidelines. Their third-generation guidelines (G3), which had the most widespread and long-term use, relied on a series of application levels to convey the quantity and quality of disclosures. The firm’s choice of application level exemplified its corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure strategy. The purpose of this study is to answer the call of scholars for a comprehensive explanation of a firm’s CSR disclosure strategy and suggested researching of the conceptual underpinnings of legitimacy, stakeholder, resource dependence and institutional theories. Design/methodology/approach Given this call, a comprehensive model is tested that explores relationships arising from these four major theories and the choice of GRI application levels. The model includes four constructs: non-financial corporate characteristics, firm financial performance, stakeholder involvement and environmental turbulence. Findings Unexpectedly, the findings do not show differences with respect to the theoretical underpinnings of CSR disclosure and the GRI disclosure levels. Originality/value Despite their widespread use, GRI was concerned that the G3’s application levels could be misunderstood and that the framework needed conceptual improvement. These concerns led to the elimination of application levels with the launch of GRI’s fourth-generation guidelines (G4) in 2013. The findings support the need for conceptual improvement and the discontinuation of the application level system in the G4 guidelines. They also suggest the need for additional research to examine disclosure choices over time, to make understand corporate disclosure strategies.
James Michael Simmons Jr; Victoria L. Crittenden; Bodo B. Schlegelmilch. The Global Reporting Initiative: do application levels matter? Social Responsibility Journal 2018, 14, 527 -541.
AMA StyleJames Michael Simmons Jr, Victoria L. Crittenden, Bodo B. Schlegelmilch. The Global Reporting Initiative: do application levels matter? Social Responsibility Journal. 2018; 14 (3):527-541.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJames Michael Simmons Jr; Victoria L. Crittenden; Bodo B. Schlegelmilch. 2018. "The Global Reporting Initiative: do application levels matter?" Social Responsibility Journal 14, no. 3: 527-541.
In this paper, we focus on a specific aspect of monetary value creation in CSR activities, namely, company–NGO collaborations in the solicitation of donations. During a customer's journey through an online retail environment, companies can control their presentation of options to donate to an NGO partner before or after the purchase of their products. We investigate how the sequence of purchase and donation requests influences the amount donated to an NGO and the potential revenues for a company. We apply two cognitive biases—moral licensing and moral cleansing—as theoretical bases. Prior research on moral licensing and moral cleansing frequently neglects ecological validity. Our research attempts to address this issue by applying experimental settings which increase the transferability of results into practical measures. The paper provides marketing managers with the opportunity to understand which sequence of donation and purchase options is the most suitable for their purpose.
Bodo B Schlegelmilch; Philipp Simbrunner. Moral licensing and moral cleansing applied to company-NGO collaborations in an online context. Journal of Business Research 2018, 95, 544 -552.
AMA StyleBodo B Schlegelmilch, Philipp Simbrunner. Moral licensing and moral cleansing applied to company-NGO collaborations in an online context. Journal of Business Research. 2018; 95 ():544-552.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBodo B Schlegelmilch; Philipp Simbrunner. 2018. "Moral licensing and moral cleansing applied to company-NGO collaborations in an online context." Journal of Business Research 95, no. : 544-552.
Philipp Simbrunner; Bodo Schlegelmilch. APPLIED BEHAVIORAL ECONOMICS: MORAL CLEANSING AND MORAL LICENSING IN A MARKETING CONTEXT. Global Fashion Management Conference 2018, 2018, 10 -10.
AMA StylePhilipp Simbrunner, Bodo Schlegelmilch. APPLIED BEHAVIORAL ECONOMICS: MORAL CLEANSING AND MORAL LICENSING IN A MARKETING CONTEXT. Global Fashion Management Conference. 2018; 2018 ():10-10.
Chicago/Turabian StylePhilipp Simbrunner; Bodo Schlegelmilch. 2018. "APPLIED BEHAVIORAL ECONOMICS: MORAL CLEANSING AND MORAL LICENSING IN A MARKETING CONTEXT." Global Fashion Management Conference 2018, no. : 10-10.
Religion influences a wide variety of consumer attitudes and behaviors. However, existing research on the relationship between religion and environmental concern (EC) remains fragmented, typically concentrating on one or very few national cultures, and frequently focuses on religious affiliation rather than religiousness. The current research addresses the relationship between religiousness and EC through the analysis of data from 47,130 individuals residing in 34 countries. Using multilevel analysis, the results reveal an overall positive relationship between religiousness and EC. The respondents' life satisfaction and indulgence (measured at the country level) moderate this relationship. Taken collectively, the results suggest that marketers and public policy makers interested in promoting environmentally-friendly practices may leverage religiousness and related values as agents of pro-environmental change.
Reto Felix; Chris Hinsch; Philipp A. Rauschnabel; Bodo B. Schlegelmilch. Religiousness and environmental concern: A multilevel and multi-country analysis of the role of life satisfaction and indulgence. Journal of Business Research 2018, 91, 304 -312.
AMA StyleReto Felix, Chris Hinsch, Philipp A. Rauschnabel, Bodo B. Schlegelmilch. Religiousness and environmental concern: A multilevel and multi-country analysis of the role of life satisfaction and indulgence. Journal of Business Research. 2018; 91 ():304-312.
Chicago/Turabian StyleReto Felix; Chris Hinsch; Philipp A. Rauschnabel; Bodo B. Schlegelmilch. 2018. "Religiousness and environmental concern: A multilevel and multi-country analysis of the role of life satisfaction and indulgence." Journal of Business Research 91, no. : 304-312.
Online reviews can strongly influence purchase decisions. In the past decade, extensive research in the field of online reviews has focused on product categories (e.g., hedonic, utilitarian) and product sales. However, research on how the characteristics of online reviews (valence, volume, and variance) influence attitudes toward brands is sparse, even though brands are among the most valuable corporate assets and companies use online marketing extensively to increase brand loyalty. Thus, this paper offers a conceptual model that closely examines the relationship between the characteristics of online reviews and brand attitudes. The model contributes to a better understanding of the influence of contextual factors on brand attitudes within online communication. In line with prior research, the study conceptualizes volume and variance as moderators of valence. Furthermore, the proposed conceptual model integrates brand type (functional, emotional, symbolic, and lifestyle) and the source of review (stranger or acquaintance) as potential moderators. Conceptual insights, along with managerial implications for online marketing managers, are provided.
Agnieszka Zablocki; Bodo Schlegelmilch; Michael J. Houston. How valence, volume and variance of online reviews influence brand attitudes. AMS Review 2018, 9, 61 -77.
AMA StyleAgnieszka Zablocki, Bodo Schlegelmilch, Michael J. Houston. How valence, volume and variance of online reviews influence brand attitudes. AMS Review. 2018; 9 (1-2):61-77.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAgnieszka Zablocki; Bodo Schlegelmilch; Michael J. Houston. 2018. "How valence, volume and variance of online reviews influence brand attitudes." AMS Review 9, no. 1-2: 61-77.
Innovation has become a universal feature of corporate life. Almost no company can survive without innovation. However, when it comes to developing innovation strategies, managers often are left alone to decide which innovation types to pursue, how to balance them in an overall portfolio, how to allocate resources, and how to implement them. In short, managers face a variety of innovation dilemmas. One of the most pertinent problems is how to distinguish innovation types in a meaningful way. In this article, we introduce the innovation cube, a tool that helps position innovation types in a managerially meaningful way. Once managers know how to relate and compare their innovation types to those of other companies, the cube helps them to better formulate their innovation strategy.
Christiane Prange; Bodo B. Schlegelmilch. Managing innovation dilemmas: The cube solution. Business Horizons 2018, 61, 309 -322.
AMA StyleChristiane Prange, Bodo B. Schlegelmilch. Managing innovation dilemmas: The cube solution. Business Horizons. 2018; 61 (2):309-322.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristiane Prange; Bodo B. Schlegelmilch. 2018. "Managing innovation dilemmas: The cube solution." Business Horizons 61, no. 2: 309-322.
In online purchasing, the ability to draw on the experience of other consumers may lead to decision-making based more on product facts and less on the emotional attachment to a brand (Simonson and Rosen 2014; Thomson et al. 2005). Obviously, there is a shift from traditional brand management in which the company created the image of a brand to shared experiences between consumers about brands in the online environment (Quinton 2013). Hence, we developed a conceptual model of consumer-based brand equity (CBBE) which is adapted to the paradigm-shift from manager-ruled to consumer-ruled brands. Our model builds on the four brand equity dimensions of Aaker (1991), namely, brand awareness, brand image and associations, perceived quality, and brand loyalty and relates these dimensions with electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM). Based on qualitative interviews with consumers and company representatives, our study reveals a consistent influence of (product) functionality on brand equity compared to established models, where (a) functionality varies substantially by category and where (b) brand equity is based on a strong emotional attachment of the consumer to the brand (Keller 2001). On the contrary, consumers doing their online purchases rather separate the product(s) from the brand and refer to product-related eWOM. However, the impact of eWOM on CBBE diminishes with an already pre-existing brand image of the consumer. Nevertheless, unknown brands can benefit from positive online reviews, as consumers may indeed develop a new brand image based on eWOM. Additionally, the focus laid on the product itself in eWOM becomes evident. Thus, we conclude that the effects of eWOM might solely address a specific product instead of the whole brand in the online environment. In that case, eWOM directly influences purchase decisions, without affecting the appropriate brand equity dimensions, if the consumer strictly separates the product from the general brand. Apparently, product performance outperforms CBBE in the online environment but according to our model rather for unknown brands. Well-established brands still benefit from their brand image – even in the light of negative eWOM – to which consumers seem to refer while purchasing online.
Agnieszka Zablocki; Bodo B Schlegelmilch; Elena Schant. Customer-Based Brand Equity in the Digital Age: Development of a Theoretical Framework: An Abstract. Developments in Marketing Science: Proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Science 2017, 741 -742.
AMA StyleAgnieszka Zablocki, Bodo B Schlegelmilch, Elena Schant. Customer-Based Brand Equity in the Digital Age: Development of a Theoretical Framework: An Abstract. Developments in Marketing Science: Proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Science. 2017; ():741-742.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAgnieszka Zablocki; Bodo B Schlegelmilch; Elena Schant. 2017. "Customer-Based Brand Equity in the Digital Age: Development of a Theoretical Framework: An Abstract." Developments in Marketing Science: Proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Science , no. : 741-742.
Moral licensing is a nonconscious effect that provides a moral boost in the self-concept, which increases the preference for a relative immoral action by dampening the negative self-attributions associated with such behavior. Applied to a marketing context, moral licensing explains why a purchase of a green product (a positive moral act) is likely to increase the likelihood of subsequently purchasing a luxury good (a negative moral act) or why donating to charity before purchasing a self-indulgent product increases the willingness to pay for this item. This study addresses the question which factors systematically influence the size of this effect by conducting a meta-analysis and meta-regressions. Results of a meta-regression analysis indicate that both cultural background and the type of comparison combined explain more than 20% of the total variation of moral licensing effect’s size. For the first time, we demonstrate that moral licensing effect differs between culturally distinct regions, with higher effects in North American samples compared to Western Europeans. Moreover, in Southeast Asian samples, the effect is reversed in direction, meaning that performing a good deed increases the likelihood of doing good subsequently. Our results indicate that marketing measures building on this effect might lead to different revenues in different markets.
Philipp Simbrunner; Bodo B Schlegelmilch. Influencing Factors on Moral Licensing Effect: A Meta-Analytic Approach: An Abstract. Developments in Marketing Science: Proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Science 2017, 19 -19.
AMA StylePhilipp Simbrunner, Bodo B Schlegelmilch. Influencing Factors on Moral Licensing Effect: A Meta-Analytic Approach: An Abstract. Developments in Marketing Science: Proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Science. 2017; ():19-19.
Chicago/Turabian StylePhilipp Simbrunner; Bodo B Schlegelmilch. 2017. "Influencing Factors on Moral Licensing Effect: A Meta-Analytic Approach: An Abstract." Developments in Marketing Science: Proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Science , no. : 19-19.
Katerina Makri; Bodo B Schlegelmilch. Time orientation and engagement with social networking sites: A cross-cultural study in Austria, China and Uruguay. Journal of Business Research 2017, 80, 155 -163.
AMA StyleKaterina Makri, Bodo B Schlegelmilch. Time orientation and engagement with social networking sites: A cross-cultural study in Austria, China and Uruguay. Journal of Business Research. 2017; 80 ():155-163.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKaterina Makri; Bodo B Schlegelmilch. 2017. "Time orientation and engagement with social networking sites: A cross-cultural study in Austria, China and Uruguay." Journal of Business Research 80, no. : 155-163.
Materialism has an ugly face. The dominant view of materialism regards materialists as self-prioritizing individuals who oppose collective and prosocial goals in favor of a lifestyle led by money, possessions, and status. The present research argues that there is a side of materialism that is concerned with collective-oriented interests. We examine the nature and consequences of collective-oriented materialism – the belief system that ascribes importance to possessions for their symbolic and signaling capacities to construct desirable social attributes. Drawing from cultural and consumer theories, we find considerable support that materialists espouse a collective-oriented quality to an otherwise self-oriented interest towards possessions. 物质主义有一张丑陋的脸。 物质主义的主导观点认为物质主义者是反集体反亲社会目标的支持以 钱财、财物拥有和地位为导向的生活方式的自我优先的个体。本研究认为,物质主义有其关注集体 导向利益的一面。我们研究集体导向物质主义的本质和后果 — 该信仰体系重视财物拥有,借助财务 拥有的象征性和信号能力来购建理想的社会属性。借鉴文化和消费者理论,我们的研究发现对物质 主义者拥有集体导向属性而不是源于自我导向的钱财拥有兴趣的结论提供了相当大的支持。 Le matérialisme a un visage hideux. Le point de vue dominant sur le matérialisme considère les matérialistes comme des individus qui donnent priorité à leurs intérêts et qui opposent les objectifs collectifs et pro-sociaux en faveur d’un style de vie guidé par l’argent, les possessions et le statut. La présente recherche avance qu’il existe un côté du matérialisme qui est concerné par les intérêts orientés vers le collectif. Nous examinons la nature et les conséquences du matérialisme orienté vers le collectif – le système de croyances qui attribue de l’importance aux possessions pour leurs capacités symboliques et de signalisation à construire des attributs sociaux désirables. En nous appuyant sur les théories de la culture et de la consommation, nous trouvons une preuve significative que les matérialistes adoptent une qualité orientée vers le collectif par rapport à un intérêt autrement auto-orienté concernant les possessions. O materialismo tem uma face feia. A visão dominante do materialismo considera os materialistas como indivíduos que priorizam a si mesmos e se opõem a objetivos coletivos e prosociais em favor de um estilo de vida guiado por dinheiro, bens e status. A presente pesquisa argumenta que há um lado do materialismo que se preocupa com interesses voltados para o coletivo. Examinamos a natureza e as consequências do materialismo voltado ao coletivo – o sistema de crenças que atribui importância aos bens pelas suas capacidades simbólicas e de sinalização para construir atributos sociais desejáveis. Com base nas teorias da cultura e de consumidores, encontramos um suporte considerável que os materialistas combinam um atributo orientado ao coletivo com um interesse de outra forma voltado a posses. El materialismo tiene una cara fea. La visión dominante del materialismo considera a los materialistas como individuos que auto priorizan la oposición a objetivos colectivos y pro-sociales a favor de una vida liderada por el dinero, las posesiones y el estatus. La presente investigación sostiene que hay un lado del materialismo se preocupa de los intereses orientados colectivamente. Examinamos la naturaleza y las consecuencias del materialismo orientado colectivamente – el sistema de creencias que atribuye importancia a las posesiones por sus capacidades simbólicas y de señalización para construir atributos socialmente deseables. Partiendo de teorías culturales y de consumo, encontramos un apoyo considerable que los materialistas adoptan una calidad de orientación colectiva a un interés de otro modo auto-orientado a las posesiones.
Sandra Awanis; Bodo B Schlegelmilch; Charles Chi Cui. Asia’s materialists: Reconciling collectivism and materialism. Journal of International Business Studies 2017, 48, 964 -991.
AMA StyleSandra Awanis, Bodo B Schlegelmilch, Charles Chi Cui. Asia’s materialists: Reconciling collectivism and materialism. Journal of International Business Studies. 2017; 48 (8):964-991.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSandra Awanis; Bodo B Schlegelmilch; Charles Chi Cui. 2017. "Asia’s materialists: Reconciling collectivism and materialism." Journal of International Business Studies 48, no. 8: 964-991.
Moral licensing is a cognitive bias, which enables individuals to behave immorally without threatening their self-image of being a moral person. We investigate this phenomenon in a cross-cultural marketing context. More specifically, this paper addresses the questions (i) how big moral licensing effects typically are and (ii) which factors systematically influence the size of this effect. We approach these questions by conducting a meta-analysis and a meta-regression. Based on a random effects model, the point estimate for the generalized effect size Cohen’s d is 0.319 (SE = 0.046; N = 106). Results of a meta-regression advance theory, by showing for the first time that both cultural background and type of comparison explain a substantial amount of the total variation of the effect size of moral licensing. Marketing practitioners wishing to capitalize on moral licensing effects should therefore consider cross-cultural difference, since marketing measures building on this effect may lead to different revenues in different countries.
Philipp Simbrunner; Bodo B Schlegelmilch. Moral licensing: a culture-moderated meta-analysis. Management Review Quarterly 2017, 67, 201 -225.
AMA StylePhilipp Simbrunner, Bodo B Schlegelmilch. Moral licensing: a culture-moderated meta-analysis. Management Review Quarterly. 2017; 67 (4):201-225.
Chicago/Turabian StylePhilipp Simbrunner; Bodo B Schlegelmilch. 2017. "Moral licensing: a culture-moderated meta-analysis." Management Review Quarterly 67, no. 4: 201-225.