Purpose . To analyze the anatomical and functional outcomes after autologous lens capsule transplantation in patients with persistent macular hole. Methods . This is a retrospective observational study of five eyes of five patients treated with vitrectomy and autologous lens capsular flap transplantation. Complete ophthalmic examination was performed preoperatively and seven days and 1, 3, 6, 12, and 18 months after surgery. Results . Successful macular hole closure was achieved in all patients. The mean minimum macular hole diameter before the surgery was 666.8 µ m, and the mean basal diameter was 1086.4 µ m. The mean visual acuity before lens capsular flap transplantation was 20/200, while after surgery, it was 20/125. Conclusions . Autologous lens capsular flap transplantation is a potential alternative treatment for patients with large persistent macular holes after other operative techniques have failed.

This study aimed to discuss severe ocular and periocular complications after dermatological laser treatment. This literature review evaluated published journal articles (clinical trials or scientific reviews) extracted from electronic databases (MEDLINE and PubMed) and the reference lists of related articles. Individual eyeball structures, such as chromophores, were found to interact with laser radiation. The type of damage was found to be influenced by the wavelength emitted by the laser-active medium. Moreover, in the absence of proper protection of the eyeballs, the structures that are crucial for vision can be damaged. In conclusion, laser treatment can also cause serious and irreversible complications. Appropriate patient selection, intraoperative techniques, early identification, and interventions for adverse postoperative effects are crucial to avoid major complications and even blindness.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the visual outcomes and anatomical changes after vitrectomy for retinal artery occlusion. Methods: Twelve patients with retinal artery occlusion (11 central retinal artery occlusion and 1 branch retinal artery occlusion) were part of this study. Our patients were treated with vitrectomy with arteriotomy or with neurotomy and arteriotomy. Complete ophthalmic examination was performed preoperatively, at 2 weeks, and 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after surgery. Results: The mean preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 1.94 logMAR, and the final BCVA after 12-months follow-up was 2.04 logMAR. After vitrectomy with arteriotomy, the BCVA in patients treated with neurotomy and arteriotomy was 1.65 and 2.45, respectively (P = 0.038). Conclusion: No benefits have been achieved from using vitrectomy in retinal artery occlusion cases.

Purpose. This study aimed to analyze the effect of multiple folded internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap in the inverted ILM flap technique on postoperative outcomes of patients with full-thickness macular hole (FTMH). Methods. This retrospective study included 41 eyes of 41 patients with FTMH treated with vitrectomy using the inverted ILM flap technique. Complete ophthalmic examination was performed preoperatively, at 1 week, and at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after surgery. Results. Postoperative SD-OCT confirmed macular hole (MH) closure in all patients. The mean BCVA improved from 0.7 LogMAR (20/100) preoperatively to 0.5 LogMAR (20/63) postoperatively. In two cases, 7 days after vitrectomy, flap closure was noted. At the final visit after 12 months, the following foveal contours were noted: 14 U-shape (34.1), 12 irregular (W-shape) (29.3), and 6 V-shape (14.6). We observed a type of plug closure in 9 (22) eyes in which hyperproliferation was noted in one eye. Conclusions. The surgeons should be aware of potential hyperproliferation on the retinal surface after the multi-layered flap technique.

Background: This study aimed to discuss common complications of medical aesthetic treatments, which require ophthalmological intervention. Methods: This literature study evaluated published journal articles (clinical trials or scientific reviews) that were extracted from electronic databases (MEDLINE and PubMed) and reference lists of related articles. Only articles available in English were considered for this review. Results: Unskillful interference in the eye area can cause severe, irreversible complications, including blindness. This is a constant risk because of anatomical deviations, and retrograde blood flow. Conclusions: Accurate knowledge of anatomy, especially the vascular anatomy of high-risk sites, and the understanding of the depth and plane of injection, and various injection techniques minimize the risk of these complications.

Purpose: To describe a case of a 44-year-old man with ocular trauma after a mine explosion. From the moment of the injury, the patient reported significant visual impairment (no perception of light in the right eye and a perception of light without localization in the left eye). The patient was diagnosed with a double-sided penetrating corneal scleral wound and traumatic cataract, retinal detachment, and intraocular foreign bodies after a battlefield mine explosion. Methods: The three-stage procedure, consisting of using soft contact lens as temporary keratoprosthesis, vitrectomy, and penetrating keratoplasty, was performed in the damaged eye. Results: A soft contact lens allowed for excellent visualization of the posterior segment during vitrectomy. At the 1-month follow-up, the eye that was operated on could sense light. The corneal transplant remained translucent, and the retina was attached. Conclusion: The described method, when performed by an experienced surgeon, may aid in simultaneously treating coexisting corneal opacification and vitreoretinal disorders.