This study aimed to determine the essential oil volatile components of ginger and turmeric rhizomes, as well as to determine the total antioxidant capacity of essential oil samples according to the CUPric Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (CUPRAC), ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) method and free radical scavenging activities of oil samples and standards such as BHA, BHT, and Trolox were determined using a DPPH method. Essential oil analysis of volatile components was also performed on a Shimadzu GCMS-QP2010 SE (Japan) model with Support Rx-5Sil MS capillary column (30 m x 0.25 mm, film thickness 0.25 μm). Antioxidant capacities of essential oils were evaluated according to the CUPRAC method in millimole Trolox/gram -oil equivalent. GC-MS analysis of ginger showed the presence of 5 major peaks identified as Curcumene (13.46%), Zingiberene (33.92%), α-Farnesene (8.07%), β-Bisabolene (6.39%), and β-Sesquiphellandrene (15.92 %), respectively. GC-MS analysis of Turmeric showed the presence of 3 major peaks identified as Ar-Turmerone (29.24%), α-Turmerone (22.8 %), and β-Turmerone (18.84%). CUPRAC values of calculated antioxidant capacities of essential oil samples were determined as 1.97 ± 0.102 mmolTR/g-oil for Zingiber officinale R. and 3.40 ± 0.071 mmol TR/g-oil for Curcuma longa L. The scavenging effect of turmeric, ginger and standards on the DPPH radical decreased in the order of Trolox>BHA>BHT>Turmeric>Ginger which were 95.25 ± 0.05%, 62.57 ± 0.34%, 61.6 ± 0.3%, 51.45 ± 0.59%, and 50.26 ± 0.09%, at the concentration of 150µg/mL, respectively. Additionally, it revealed that essential oils of turmeric and ginger exhibited effective ferric reducing power.

In this study, total antioxidant and radical scavenging capacity wound healing and anti-analgesic effects of creams prepared from Nigella sativa EOs, hydrosol, and seed oil were determined in the experimental rat model. For this purpose, the volatile components of N. sativa EOs and hydrosol were characterized using GC-FID and GC-MS and the total antioxidant capacity of creams was determined by CUPRAC and DPPH assays. The analgesic effect of the creams was determined by the formalin test, while the wound-healing effects of creams were evaluated in vivo by experimentally creating skin wounds in rats. The main components in the group of monoterpene hydrocarbons, accounting for 52.61% of the total composition of N. sativa EOs, were as follows: p-cymene (28.76%), α-thujene (12.88%), trans-verbenol (5.99%), β-pinene (3.71%), α-pinene (3.69%), sabinene (1.7%), and limonene (1.69%). The group of oxygenated monoterpenes of N. sativa EOs was dominated by 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone (35.7%), known as thymoquinone (TQ). On the other hand, the analyses of GC-FID and GC-MS revealed that N. sativa hydrosol contains five components. These ingredients were as follows: 1,8-cineole (0.4%), linalool (0.5%), trans-verbenol (2.83%), terpinen-4-ol (7.21%), and TQ (89.05%). Research findings revealed the strong antioxidant effect and radical scavenging ability of the prepared creams. It was found that the cream, especially enriched with N. sativa hydrosol, had a better antioxidant effect and wound healing potential.

N. sativa seeds, commonly known as black seeds, are for headaches in traditional medicine by many Asian, Middle Eastern and Far Eastern countries. It is used to treat cough, abdominal pain, diarrhea, asthma, rheumatism and other diseases. The seeds contain both fixed and essential oils, proteins, alkaloids and saponin. Much of the biological activity of the seeds has been shown to be due to thymoquinone, the major component of the essential oil, but which is also present in the fixed oil. The essential oil of black cumin seeds, Nigella sativa L., was tested for a possible antioxidant activity. In this study, we measured the amount of thymoquinone compound in distilled water taken from aromatic water. The proportion of thymoquinone passing into the aromatic water show that it is necessary to consume the correct amount of water and essential oil, which is significantly measurable by GC MS and HPLC. Thymoquinone was dedected 790 ppm in aromatic water and 45.78% in essential oil. Sufficient analytical work was performed with this method and the results were shown.