This work introduces a new method for computing the angular position of the voltage of the grid—based on a finite set of angles—in the condition of failures in the distribution systems, as symmetrical and asymmetric voltage sags, unbalance, harmonic distortions, and frequency changes. This method is inspired in the model predictive control finite control set principles. In this way, the proposal employs the One-Cycle Fourier filter (OCF) to estimate the positive sequence of the voltage vector into the stationary $\alpha \beta$-frame. The positive sequence voltages extracted from this filter is then handled by an algorithm that is implemented by a finite position set (FPS) for estimating the phase angle. In this way, the minimized cost function chooses the optimal angular position while using the predicted behavior of the grid voltage vector elements in $dq$ frame. The structure, called One-Cycle Fourier Finite position Set Phase Locked Loop (OCF-FS-PLL), here is a composition of the OCF and the FPS. The results that were obtained in an experimental test bench validate the proposed method.