The results of carbon dioxide reforming of CH₄ (model biogas) on catalysts prepared by solution combustion synthesis (SCS) and impregnation of moisture capacity methods are presented. Investigation of the activity of catalysts synthesized from initial mixtures of Co(NO₃)₂-Al(NO₃)₃-urea of different compositions was carried out for the production of synthesis-gas, and SCS and traditional incipient wetness impregnation catalyst preparation methods were compared. The methane conversion reached 100%, and the conversion of CO₂ increased to 86.2%, while the yield of H₂ and CO was 99.2% and 85.4%, respectively, at 900 °C. It was found that CoAl₂O₄ spinel formation was due to substitution of Al³⁺ with Co²⁺ cations. Consequently, CoAl₂O₄ lattice parameters increased, since the ionic radius of Al³⁺ (0.51 Å) less than Cο²⁺ (0.72 Å). Advantages of SCS catalysts in comparison with catalysts prepared by the traditional incipient wetness impregnation method in dry reforming of methane were shown. The aim of this work is to develop a new catalyst for the conversion of model biogas into synthesis gas, which will contribute to the organization of a new environmentally friendly, energy-saving production in the future.

The worldwide increase in demand for environmentally friendly energy has led to the intensification of work on the synthesis of H₂-containing fuel. The dry reforming of methane has become one of the most important avenues of research since the consumption of two greenhouse gases reduces the rate of global warming. A study of NiAl composite materials as catalysts for methane reforming has been carried out. Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) has been used to produce NiAl catalysts. Comparative studies were carried out regarding the dry reforming and partial oxidation of methane, as well as catalysts prepared using the impregnation (IM) and SHS methods. A catalyst with 29% Ni and 51% Al after SHS contains the phases of NiAl and NiAl₂O₄, which are active phases in the dry reforming of methane. The optimal crystal lattice parameter (for the maximum possible conversion of CO₂ and CH₄) is 3.48–3.485 Å for Al₂O₃, which plays the role of a catalyst carrier, and 1.42 Å, for NiAl₂O₄, which plays the role of a catalyst. The aim of the work is to develop a new and efficient catalyst for the dry reforming of methane into a synthesis gas, which will further promote the organization of a new era of environmentally friendly energy-saving production methods.

The world of energy is on the cusp of profound transformation. Hydrogen or hydrogen-containing fuel mixtures in the form of synthesis gas, as carriers of clean energy, will be in the short term among the most efficient solutions to pressing environmental problems, reducing the amount of greenhouse gases as well as pollution of cities and dependence on oil-based fuels. Carbon dioxide conversion of methane is the most promising method for the production of synthesis gas due to the simultaneous consumption of two greenhouse gases and, accordingly, a successful solution to environmental problems. Ni/Mn-based catalysts have been prepared by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) for this process. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and nitrogen porosimetry. The effects of the catalysts’ composition on activity, selectivity, and product yield were investigated. The influence of the content of Ni, Mn on the behavior of catalysts has been established. Comparison of spinels with different component ratios showed that they have a defective structure. Non-stoichiometric spinels with highly defective catalyst structures were obtained due to very high heating and cooling rates during SHS. They work as active sites, which underlies the high activity of the catalysts.

The demand for environmentally friendly types of energy is growing all over the world, which naturally increases the intensity of studies on fuel mixtures that have high contents of hydrogen. In this case, methanol steam reforming is a leading effective research area, as it is a process with low energy consumption. The results of the steam reforming of methanol on synthesized catalysts by the solution combustion synthesis (SCS), self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS), and moisture impregnation capacity methods are presented. A study was conducted to evaluate the activity of Cu-Ce-Al catalysts with varying ratios of components for hydrogen production, comparing the SCS method with the other mentioned methods. The methanol conversion reached 99% and the selectivity of H₂ was 88% at 500 °C. The study showed that the replacement of Al³⁺ ions with Cu²⁺ and Ce³⁺ cations leads to the formation of spinels, such as CuAl₂O₄ and CeAlO₃. As a consequence, the CuAl₂O₄ and CeAlO₃ lattice parameters increase because of the difference in the ionic radii of Al³⁺ (0.53 Å), Cu²⁺ (0.73 Å), and Ce³⁺ (1.07 Å). Advantages of SCS catalysts in the process of the steam reforming of methanol have been demonstrated. The goal of this research is to create a new catalyst for methanol’s conversion into hydrogen-containing fuel mixtures, the production of which, in the future, will be a huge step in the transition to more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly methods of their synthesis.

Demand for environmentally friendly types of energy is growing all over the world, which naturally increases the intensity of work on the production of hydrogen-containing fuel mixtures. Steam reforming of methanol is one of the most effective areas of research, as it is a process with low energy consumption. The results of steam reforming of methanol on the catalysts prepared by solution combustion synthesis (SCS) and impregnation by moisture capacity are presented. Investigation of the activity of Cu-Ce-Al catalysts of different composition was carried out for production of hydrogen and comparison of SCS with traditional impregnation method. Methanol conversion reaches 99%, while the selectivity of H2 was 88%, at 500 °C. It was found that CuAl2O4 spinel formation is due to substitution of Al3+ with Cu2+ Ce3+ cations. A consequence CuAl2O4 and CeAlO3 lattice parameters increase because of difference in ionic radius of Al3+ (0.53 Å) and Cu2+ (0.73 Å), Ce3+ (1.07 Å). Advantages of SCS catalysts in steam reforming of methanol were shown. The aim of this research is to develop a new catalyst for conversion of methanol into hydrogen containing fuel mixtures, which will further promote the organization of a new era of environmentally friendly energy-saving production methods.

Өзін-өзі тарататын жоғары температуралы синтез (SHS) әдісі заманауи керамика, металларалық қосылыстар, катализаторлар және магниттік заттарды қоса алғанда, әртүрлі инженерлік және функционалды материалдардың үнемді өндірісін жеңілдету үшін бүкіл әлемде дамып келеді. Бұл әдіс өз өзімен жануың қолдайтын реакцияларға негізделген, олар өте қысқа мерзім ішінде жүреді және материалдар ішіндегі өте жоғары ішкі температураға ие болады. Демек, SHS дәстүрлі әдістерге қарағанда бірқатар артықшылықтарды ұсынады, соның ішінде энергия шығындарын айтарлықтай азайту, қоршаған ортаға зиян әсерді азайту, өндіріс процестерін жеңілдету және ерекше қасиеттері мен сипаттамалары бар материалдарды жасау. Бұл мақала SНS әдісін зерттейді, оның артықшылықтарын атап көрсетеді және сутекті өндіру және метанолды конверсиялау үшін жоғары белсенді катализаторларды әзірлеу сияқты бірнеше экологиялық маңызды қолданбаларды қарастырады. Сонымен қатар, SНS қоршаған орта температурасында басталып, аяқталуы мүмкін болғандықтан, ол улы немесе радиоактивті материалдармен және ластанған заттармен жұмыс істеуде тиімді, бұл әдіс әйнектеу, шоғырландыру және қауіпті қалдықтарды инкапсуляциялау арқылы кең қорғаныс жабындарын қалыптастыруға мүмкіндік береді. Сондай ақ, бұл әдіс әртүрлі спирттер мен көмірсутектердің бу конверсиясының катализаторларын синтездеуде жақсы нәтиже көрсетті.