Fatty acids, amino acids, as well as total phenolic content and antioxidant activities, were presented fromMoringa oleiferadifferent parts (whole seeds, kernels, coats, pods and leaves). The investigated parts were a good source of protein (29.2, 37.8, 11.9, 10.1 and 22.8 g/100 g for whole seeds, kernels, coats, pods and leaves, respectively) with isoleucine, leucine, arginine, glycine, glutamine and tyrosine as amino acids in sufficient amount to meet the nutritional needs. Moringa seeds are also rich in oil. Oleic acid was the most abundant fatty acid in moringa seeds (66.2 and 65.8% for whole seeds and kernels, respectively). Leaves were rich in minerals such as P, K, Mg and Fe with the highest amount of total phenolic content. 70% ethanol, 80% methanol or water showed the highest yield with of total phenolic content from leaves reaching 11.8, 11.3 and 8.9 mg GAE/g, respectively. The lowest ED50 values were reported for extracts of leaves obtained by 70% ethanol and 80% methanol (0.51 and 0.54 mg), respectively, indicating more antioxidant activity than for the other solvents. For the ß-carotene-linoleic acid assay, leaves extract showed also the strongest effect for delaying the oxidation followed by extracts from pods and coats in a comparison with the control without antioxidants. From this comprehensive investigation of the different parts of MO, an assessment of the raw materials regarding their application as food is possible.

Enhancement of the oxidative stability of cactus seeds oil by blending with moringa seeds oil was investigated during storage period for four weeks at 50 °C. Blends (25, 50 and 75%) of moringa seeds oil with cactus seeds oil were prepared. Fatty acids composition, induction period, peroxide value, specific extinction coefficients (K232 and K270) and tocopherols were studied. Blending moringa seeds oil with cactus seeds oil at 25:75% increases the induction period to 4.06 h while it was 3.16 h in 100% cactus seeds oil. Peroxide values decreased due to increase moringa seeds oil amount in blends. Also, adding moringa seeds oil to cactus seeds oil caused a decrease in K232 and K270 values during the storage period in comparison with 100% cactus seeds oil. α-tocopherol values decreased during storage for all oil blends, while the content of γ-tocopherol in all samples (except moringa seeds oil) increased during storage period reaching the highest level after the third week then it started to decrease. Therefore, the obtained results provided a potential approach to utilize moringa oil to increase the oxidative stability of edible oils.

The fatty acids, sterol, tocopherol and volatile compositions of Moroccan cold-pressed cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) seed oil were studied. The most abundant fatty acid, tocopherol and sterol were linoleic acid (60.6%), γ-tocopherol (533 mg/kg) and β-sitosterol (6075 mg/kg), respectively. In this study, 23 volatile compounds were identified with perceivable odor attributes for 14 compounds. The oxidative quality of cactus seed oil was monitored over 4 weeks at 50 °C. Increases in PV, K232 and FFA were detected during the first two weeks as well as a decrease in the induction time; whereas no change was reported for the K270 values. The amount of total phenolic content increased until it reached 0.3 mg/kg and then decreased by the end of the storage period; while tocopherols started to decrease after the first week. The fat-free residue extracts showed a very strong effect to reduce the oxidation of linoleic acid. Consequently, the extracts were significantly more effective to bleach β-carotene in the β-carotene-linoleic acid assay in comparison with the control.

This study aimed to develop and characterize sunflower oil–beeswax oleogels and emulgels enriched with onion peel phenolic extract (EMEX) as fat replacers in food products. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis identified quercetin (432.15 μg/g) and kaempferol (295.23 μg/g) as the predominant phenolic compounds in the onion peel extract. The physical properties of sunflower oil oleogels and emulgels were assessed, including gelation time, oil binding capacity (OBC), firmness, and melting temperature. The OBC slightly decreased from 95.17% in OLEO to 87.45% in EMEX, while firmness decreased from 4.26 N to 3.83 N. The incorporation of EMEX enhanced the total phenolic content (5.49 mg GAE/g) and antioxidant activity (DPPH, 38.84%). Hamburgers formulated with these structured lipids underwent sensory evaluation, which revealed improved appearance (8.35) and juiciness (9.0) for the EMEX-based samples. Storage stability at 4 °C for 14 days demonstrated that burgers containing oleogels and emulgels exhibited better moisture retention, reduced firmness loss, and delayed lipid oxidation compared to the control. The inclusion of phenolic-rich emulgels further improved oxidative stability, as indicated by lower peroxide values and TBARS levels. These findings highlight the potential of oleogels and emulgels, particularly those enriched with natural antioxidants, as viable fat replacers that enhance both quality and shelf life in refrigerated meat products.