This review highlights the great role of supercritical carbon dioxide fluid technology in textile dyeing processes. The unequivocal physical characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide are presented and further researched to continue the development of high efficiency, compact dyeing to save energy and water in manufacturing processes. This review also focuses on the solubility of the dyes in scCO₂ as well as the application of the technology to both synthetic and natural fabrics. Some factors relating to the economics of sustainable scCO₂ technology are also outlined.

Electron beam irradiation technology has gained more attention as it appears to be a promising economically and environmentally sustainable alternative to traditional wet-chemical processing. It is an advanced approach that is clean, solvent-free, time-saving, and ecologically benign with acceptable handling and operation properties. This review provides a study of the latest literature on the technology of electron beam irradiation surface modification of textile. Considerable emphasis is also placed on the most novel applications of electron beam irradiation such as the functionalization of textile materials, which leads to the development of alternative sustainable techniques or revolutionary advanced materials soon. Graphical abstract

High performance functional cellulose-containing fabrics were prepared by including ZrO–NPs, ZnO–NPs and TiO ₂ –NPs into traditional finishing formulations.