The control of structure and morphology in an electrode design for the development of large-power lithium ion batteries is crucial to create efficient transport pathways for ions and electrons. Herein, we report a powerful combinational strategy to build omnibearing conductive networks composed of titanium niobium oxide nanorods and carbon nanofibers (TNO/CNFs) via an electrostatic spinning method and a hydrothermal method into free-standing arrays with a three-dimensional heterostructure core/shell structure. TNO/CNF electrode exhibits significantly superior electrochemical performance and high-rate capability (241 mA h g⁻¹ at 10C, and 208 mA h g⁻¹ at 20C). The capacity of the TNO/CNF electrode is 257 mA h g⁻¹ after 2000 cycles at 20C, which is much higher than that of the TNO electrode. In particular, the TNO/CNF electrode delivers a reversible capacity of 153.6 mA h g⁻¹ with a capacity retention of 95% after 5000 cycles at ultrahigh current density. Superior electrochemical performances of the TNO/CNF electrode are attributed to the unique composite structure.

MnO₂ has advantages such as the simple and diverse preparation methods, low cost and high theoretical capacity, but its industrial application is affected by its poor conductivity and fast attenuation of cycle performance. In order to improve its conductivity, battery capacity and performance, MnO₂/carbon nanofibers (MnO₂/CNFs) are obtained by using electrospinning technology, and the electrochemical performance was confirmed by XRD, SEM, TEM. Confirmed by comparison, the 20% MnO₂/CNFs exhibit superior and excellent long cycling performance with a reversible capacity of 835 mA h g⁻¹ at 0.1 A g⁻¹ after the 133th cycle and a high initial specific capacity of 1094 mA h g⁻¹ at a current density of 0.1 A g⁻¹. The MnO₂/CNFs have notable specific capacities with a coulombic efficiency of 99.5%, which greatly improve the reaction rate. This can also be used as a flexible electrode material because of its good flexibility. Due to the fact that carbon has better electron/ion conductivity, it shows better kinetics.