Challenged with the high rate of leakage from water supply systems, these managers are committed to identify control mechanisms. In order to standardize and control the pressure Pressure Reducing Valves (VRP) are installed in the supply network, shown to be more effective and provide a faster return for the actual loss control measures. It is known that the control pressure is while controlling the occurrence of leakage. Usually the network is sectored in areas defined by pressure levels according to its topography, once inserted the VRP in the same system will limit the downstream pressure. This work aims to show the importance of VRP as loss reduction for tool.

There is a great number of small dams around the world, usually built in private rural properties, for irrigation, animal watering or aquaculture; as they are getting old, the probability of a failure increases. In Brazil, the Brazilian National Policy of Dam Safety was approved, but it is intended only for large dams, unless it is classified with medium or high Associated Potential Damage. Usually, risk analysis methods are used to assess the safety of a dam, but this may be unfeasible for small dams, as it is costly and time-consuming, which is not affordable for small dams’ managers. This article proposed the Small Dams Safety Index (SDSI), which is a matrix with classification criteria to evaluate the safety of small dams. Besides providing a general level of the safety of a dam, it also helps to prioritize actions of maintenance, allowing the small dam’s manager to optimize time and financial resources.

Dams provide a water supply, irrigation and power generation. However, the economic, social and environmental impacts are serious when they rupture. It is important that dams continue to function properly and are constantly evaluated for their safety and functionality. Contrary to general belief, small dams are the ones that present the most problems, because they are often built without adequate design and construction methods. One of the methods to evaluate the safety of a dam is through the Dam Safety Index (DSI), which may not entirely avoid subjectivity in dam safety assessment but does propose balanced individual subjectivities in determining the weights of the index criteria. The DSI can also assist managers with preventive maintenance schedules in a dam safety assessment. This work aims to reassess the importance of the parameters of the DSI based on a new weighting of these criteria. The modification of the DSI shows a new bias in the weighting of the criteria that composes the index, not only considering technical aspects, but also legal and environmental ones.

The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is a tool used to numerically simulate fluid flow behavior, and all the laws that govern the study of fluids is the mass transfer and energy, chemical reactions, hydraulic behaviors, among others applications. This tool mathematical equation solves the problem in a specific manner over a region of interest, with predetermined boundary conditions on this region. This work is to study the flow channel through the CFD technique.