The process of wound healing is complicated. Antimicrobial silver has been one of the substances used for wounds since ancient times. Moreover, traditional medicine has long used Juglans regia L. to promote wound healing. Since eco-friendly nanotechnology has various uses in biomedical research, the aim of this study was to assess the wound-healing capacity of bio-reduced silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). UV, DLS, TEM, and FTIR were used to characterize the prepared AgNPs. Pellicle's bioreduced AgNP (AgNP/P) has a better polydispersity index (PI) of 0.336 compared to its chemically synthesized peers, which have a PI of 0.67. Using incision and excision wound healing models, AgNPs and extracts were compared to Solcoseryl®. Skin-breaking strength, wound contraction, epithelialization time, histology, and cytokines were all assessed. Juglans regia L. pellicle extract (P) has shown significant effectiveness in both models, as well as their bio-reduced partner AgNP/P. The skin's tensile strength following AgNP/P therapy (871 g, p value < 0.05) is comparable to that after Solcoseryl® (928 g), both of which are significantly better than AgNP (592 g) in the incision wound model. Epithelialization time (16.0 and 16.5 days) did not substantially differ from Solcoseryl® (15.3 days) (P value < 0.05). There was an elevated collagen content. Low levels of IL1β (189.0 pg/g) and high levels of TNF-α (1007.1 pg/g) in the case of AgNP/P suggest various cellular kinds of maturation and various wound healing structures that are evident in histopathology investigations. The bioreduced AgNP/P could find use as a pharmaceutical agent for wound healing dressings.

Energy drinks gained popularity after the launch of Red Bull in 1997. Different brands are now available and young adults mainly consume these drinks. This study assesses the knowledge, attitude, and perception of energy drink consumption among university students in Jordan. A validated online survey was used to collect the required data, extracted from Google Forms into an Excel spreadsheet and statistically analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 24.0. A nationally representative sample of university students with a mean age of 22⋅2 ± 3⋅9 years (n 749) was obtained. The participating students demonstrated a neutral level of knowledge about energy drinks, as the mean score of knowledge = 7⋅1 ± 2⋅2 (out of 12), with 66 % (n 498) of them having consumed energy drinks and experienced their effects. Generally, the study's participants demonstrated a neutral attitude towards energy drinks and 70⋅5 % (n 528) acknowledged that energy drinks increase activity, but more than 70 % of them believed that energy drinks have harmful side effects. It was found that there is a significant (P-value <0⋅5) positive correlation between knowledge score and female gender, studying a medical major, and monthly income. The main reasons for consuming energy drinks were reported to be: to stay awake for longer, help study, and become more energetic. There is a need for more structured awareness campaigns to warn students about the possible side effects of these products in order to reduce the consumption and popularity of these drinks among students.

Rational: In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the coronavirus infectious disease as a pandemic referred to as COVID-19. As an essential service, community pharmacists have been enacting a key role in patient counseling and supply of essential medicines and protective equipment.Objectives: To investigate pharmacists’ perspectives of the role of educational institutes and professional pharmacy organizations in supporting them to take on roles during COVID-19 pandemic and to identify barriers to be able to support themselves and their patients.Methods: This descriptive mixed-method study was conducted via a cross-sectional online survey distributed to pharmacists/pharmacy students in Jordan during the COVID-19 outbreak (15–30 March 2020) using an online questionnaire, followed by an online focus group. Questionnaire items related to participants’ perspectives in being prepared for and supported in their roles during the COVID-19 pandemic, and items were tested for face validity. Data were descriptively analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and triangulated with focus group findings.Results: Considering that fear and anxiety are a consequence of mass social distancing/quarantine, study participants (n = 726, age = 26.9 (SD = 8.0) years, 71.9% females), reported needing training on mental healthcare to be able to support themselves and people during pandemics (90.2%). Most respondents agreed/strongly agreed (59.7%) with the statement around pharmacy educators/educational institutes having a key role in preparing pharmacists for practice during epidemics/pandemics and agreed that their faculties should add a course regarding pandemic preparedness in their curriculum (89.9%). Results were similar regarding roles for the pharmaceutical associations. Focus group findings (n = 7) mirrored the survey findings to a large extent.Conclusions: Most participants believed that pharmacy educators and pharmaceutical associations have a role in preparing them to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic through online educational workshops/webinars. Online education on mental healthcare is specifically needed.

Worldwide, during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019, there was an increase in the tendency of misusing prescription drugs as well as self-medicating with over-the-counters. Additionally, an increase in the use of herbs and natural products was reported. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted in Jordan from May 19th to July 29th, 2021, to assess the medications and natural products used in Jordan during the second wave of the pandemic. The survey was developed and validated, then distributed using Google Forms via social media platforms. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences-24. The study participants (n = 386) had a mean age of 29.35 (SD = 11.90) years. Most of participants were females (72.8%), not married (64.5%), non-smoker (69.2%), have a Jordanian nationality (80.6%), hold a bachelor's degree (73.1%), and living in the middle of Jordan (74.1%). More than 70% of the participants used vitamin C, D and pain relievers. The most used natural products were citrus fruits (78.8%), honey (63.0%) and ginger (53.1%). The participants reported that family and friends (55.4%) played a major role in advising them to use medications and dietary supplements. Pharmacists ranked second (54.1%), followed by social media platforms (43.3%). Multiple logistic regression analysis highlighted that only the age significantly affected the participants’ use of medications and natural products (P < 0.001). The results of this study warrant the need of conducting awareness campaigns guided by trained healthcare providers to educate people and minimize the risk of side effects that may arise from unsupervised use of medications and natural products.

Hundreds of human mpox cases are spreading outside of Western and Central Africa, which could be considered a significant world health problem. In this study, we sought to assess public knowledge and perceptions of human mpox. The study was a cross-sectional survey conducted in Jordan in September–October 2022. All participants were approached through social media portals. A total of 1195 participants agreed to participate in this study. The participants showed a low median knowledge score about human mpox (4.0 out of 15.0, IQR = 5.0), with only 27.9% of the participants (n = 334) correctly identifying that human mpox is not a bacterial disease, and around half of them (n = 589, 49.3%) knowing that this disease affects both genders. Higher monthly income (≥400 JD/month) was significantly associated with better knowledge about the disease. Social media was the most comprehensive source of information about mpox (n = 1018, 85.2%). Finally, 57.3% of the participants (n = 685) believed that mpox would affect social and economic life, like the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings highlight the urgent need for systematic strategies that should be promoted to increase public knowledge of mpox, which will be critical in improving the capacity to respond to the disease.