Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism associated with body fat accumulation could possibly trigger an inflammatory process by elevating homocysteine levels and increasing cytokine production, causing several diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of food intervention, and not folate supplements, on the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in overweight and obese women with the MTHFR C677T polymorphism. A randomized, double-blind eight-week clinical trial of 48 overweight and obese women was conducted. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups. They received 300 g of vegetables daily for eight weeks containing different doses of folate: 95 µg/day for Group 1 and 191 µg/day for Group 2. MTHFR C677T polymorphism genotyping was assessed by digestion with HinfI enzyme and on 12% polyacrylamide gels. Anthropometric measurements, 24-h dietary recall, and biochemical analysis (blood folic acid, vitamin B12, homocysteine (Hcy), TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) were determined at the beginning and end of the study. Group 2 had a significant increase in folate intake (p < 0.001) and plasma folic acid (p < 0.05) for individuals with the cytosine–cytosine (CC), cytosine–thymine (CT), and thymine–thymine (TT) genotypes. However, only individuals with the TT genotype presented reduced levels of Hcy, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β (p < 0.001). Group 1 showed significant differences in folate consumption (p < 0.001) and folic acid levels (p < 0.05) for individuals with the CT and TT genotypes. Food intervention with folate from vegetables increased folic acid levels and reduced interleukins, TNF-α, and Hcy levels, mainly for individuals with the TT genotype.

Metabolomics has been increasingly used to evaluate metabolic changes associated with morbidities. The objective of this study is to assess the metabolic profile before and after intervention with mixed dietary fiber in overweight and obese hypertensive women. This is an intervention study, and the sample consists of 14 women aged 28 to 58 years. An intervention with 12 g of mixed soluble and insoluble fiber is performed for a period of eight weeks. Serum metabolites are identified using a Bruker ¹H NMR spectrometer at 400 MHz. Multivariate data analysis, including principal component analysis (PCA), is used to differentiate the two groups. After supplementation with dietary fiber, there is a significant increase in the peak intensity values of the metabolites HDL-C (0.0010*), choline (0.0012*) and hydroxybutyrate (0.0010*) as well as a decrease in systolic (0.0013*) and diastolic (0.0026*) blood pressure. The analysis of the metabolomic profile allows the identification of metabolites that have been associated in the literature with hypertension and excess weight (choline, hydroxybutyrate and amino acids) and with fiber intake (choline, hydroxybutyrate and amino acids) in addition to an increase in HDL-C. The increase in the detection of the described metabolites possibly occurs due to the presence of pathologies and the use of fiber in the intervention, which also contributes to elevated HDL-c and reduced blood pressure.

Introduction The prevalence of hypertension and obesity are a worldwide concern. Objetives Assess the metabolites profile after intervention with mixed dietary fiber in overweight and obese normotensive women. Methods This is a randomized double blind placebo-controlled study. Through a simple randomization process, two groups were allocated, with eleven women (group 1) receiving 12 g of mixed dietary fiber and thirteen women (group 2) receiving 12 g of placebo (corn starch) for eight weeks. Anthropometric and biochemical tests and lifestyle were analyzed. As for evaluation metabolomics, used a ¹H NMR. The data matrix generated 96 samples and 225 variables, which was exported in the ASCII format for the “The Unscrumbler” statistics software (version 9.7, CAMO Process). Results After the intervention with mixed dietary fiber, significant differences were observed between the main types of metabolites, referring to the increase in the relative peak areas of in three HDL metabolites 4.94 ppm (0.0086*), HDL 1.28 ppm (0 .0337*), HDL 0.88 ppm (0.0224*) and an α-glucose metabolite 4.90 ppm (0.0106) and the reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP) (0.0292*) of 7 mmHg in the reference range and in the placebo group there was a reduction in SBP (0.0118*) of 4 mmHg and of a choline metabolite 3.65 ppm (0.0266*), which does not call into question the validity of these results in the literature. Conclusion The synergism of the functions of these statistically highlighted metabolites contributed to prevention the increase in SBP after fiber intervention in overweight and obese normotensive women.

O polimorfismo C677T no gene MTHFR está relacionado a Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) e a obesidade, sendo estas doenças crônicas relacionadas ao consumo baixo de fibras, embora ainda não seja consensual. Com base no exposto, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a influência do polimorfismo C677T no gene MTHFR sobre os valores pressóricos em mulheres hipertensas com sobrepeso e obesidade utilizando intervenção com fibras dietéticas mistas. Estudo de intervenção duplo-cego placebo controlado, envolvendo sessenta mulheres adultas com sobrepeso ou obesidade, sendo vinte e cinco hipertensas e vinte e cinco normotensas. Foram realizadas avaliações antropométricas, análises bioquímicas e genotipagem do polimorfismo C677T do gene MTHFR. Inicialmente a amostra foi selecionada por conveniência, e após aleatoriamente, sendo formados quatro grupos, tendo os grupos um (G1-hipertensas) e três (G3-normotensas), recebido sachês com doze gramas de fibras dietéticas mistas e os grupos dois (G2-hipertensas) e quatro (G4-normotensas) o placebo. O G1 com genótipos CT/TT apresentou maiores reduções dos valores de pressão arterial sistólica após a intervenção com fibras (147,87 ± 22,48 mmHg x 129,67 ± 19,69) seguido do genótipo CC (143,33 ± 15,05 mmHg x 129,67 ± 14,99) p = 0,0145. Tendo o G1, com genótipo CT/TT apresentado uma média de menos 15.5 mmHg (p = 0,0026) seguido do grupo CC G1 com menos 15,0 mmHg de média da pressão arterial sistólica (p = 0,0115). Logo, efeito HIPOTENSOR sobre os valores da pressão arterial sistólica mesmo na presença do polimorfismo C677T no gene MTHFR, foi observado principalmente nos portadores do genótipo CT/TT seguido do genótipo CC que apresentaram melhor resposta a partir da intervenção com doze gramas de fibras dietéticas mistas.